1. 不定式作补语 

1)   有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。例如:

advise
allow
cause
challenge
command
compel
drive 驱使
enable
encourage
forbid
force
impel
induce
instruct
invite
like/love
order
permit
make
let
have
want
get
warn
persuade
request
send
tell
train
urge

   例如;

Father will not allow us to play on the street.  父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。   

The officer ordered his men to fire. 长官命令士兵开火。

注意:有些动词如make,have,get,want等可用不定式作做宾补,也可用分词作宾补。现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。

2)    有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构,不定式的动词往往是be,不定式一般可以省去。例如:

consider
find
believe
think
declare(声称)
appoint
guess
fancy(设想)
guess
judge
imagine
know

  例如:

We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。

We know him to be a fool. 我们知道他是个笨蛋。(to be 不能省去)

典型例题

  Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.

A. to invent B. inventing  C. to have invented  D. having invented 

答案:C. 一般没有consider+宾语+be以外不定式的结构,也没有consider+宾语+doing的结构,排除A、B、D。consider用动词be以外的不定式作宾补时,一般要求用不定式的完成式,故选C。

3)    有些动词可以跟there +to be的结构。例如:

believe
expect
intend
like
love
mean
prefer
want
wish
understand
 
 

  例如:

  We didn't expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。

  You wouldn’t want there to be another war. 你不至于想让另外一场战争发生吧。

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