2. 妈妈不允许我晚上单独外出。(permit)

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1. 这事需要讨论。(need)

(D)

Schools have been blamed for giving kids access to soda in vending machines (自动售货机). But new data suggest that school soft drink sales may not be an important factor in how much soda kids drink.

In the current issue of The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, researchers compared soda consumption among nearly 500 students in Maine who attended seven schools over two school years. Four of the schools cut back on soft drink availability at the schools, while three of the schools made no changes.

All the students were drinking less soda by the end of the study period, but there were no meaningful differences in overall soft drink consumption among the different schools. The data suggest that limiting soft drink availability at school doesn’t result in meaningful changes in drink consumption patterns. While there were no changes in overall soda consumption, there was a notable shift in diet soda drinking among girls. If the school cut back on soda availability, girls were less likely to drink diet soda, compared to girls in schools that made no changes.

The data are the latest to suggest that schools may not play as big of a role in kids’ poor eating habits as widely believed. Last year, The American Journal of Public Health published a provocative (引起争论的) study showing that childhood weight problems often get worse in the summer, when kids are out of school.

Data from kindergarteners and first graders found that body mass index (指数) increased two to three times as fast in summer as during the regular school year. Minority children were especially at risk, as were children who were already overweight.

Even children who were too thin and needed to gain weight appeared to have better eating habits during the school year. They actually gained more weight while in school and less in the summer.

Even so, much of the focus on childhood nutrition and obesity (肥胖) remains in the nation’s schools. Today, The Times reported that even the school bake sale is disappearing as districts impose strict standards on the food served on school grounds.

76. What can be learned from The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior?

A. Soft drink remains a problem in schools.

B. Girls tend to consume less soda at school.

C. Soft drinks may not to be blame for eating problems.

D. Vending machines are not available in all schools.

77. Better eating habits may be best developed ______.

A. during summer 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. on schooldays

C. with less soda availability 　　　　　　　　　　 D. in attempts for weight-gain

78. The writer voices his opinion by ______.

A. conducting scientific research　　　　　　　　 B. comparing two journals

C. criticizing wrong beliefs 　　　　　　　　　　　 D. referring to ready data

79. Which of the following can best summarize the passage?

A. Schools are to blame for kids’ nutrition problems.

B. Schools have made changes for a better reputation.

C. Kids’ poor eating habit has little to do with schools.

D. A lot has been done regarding kids’ nutrition and obesity.

Section C

Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.

A. Make plans.

B. Give yourself a break.

C. Expect the unexpected.

D. Remember what matters.

E. Remind yourself that doing things takes time.

F. Try to figure out why you will lose your patience.

80.

We tend to lose our patience when we’re multi-tasking or when we’re on a tight schedule. If you’re stretching yourself too thin, you should reconsider your to-do list before you attempt to change your natural reaction to an overwhelming situation. Try to spread out your tasks so that you’re doing only one thing at a time. Pass on responsibilities to others if you can; this in itself may be a test of your patience, but you have to learn to share the load.

81.

People who are impatient are people who insist on getting things done now and don’t like to waste time. However, some things just can’t be rushed. Think about your happiest memories. Chances are, they were instances when your patience paid off, like when you worked steadily towards a goal that wasn’t immediately gratifying, or took a little extra time to spend leisurely with a loved one. Good things may not always come to those who wait, but most good things that do come don’t come right away.

82.

Yes, you have plans, but things don’t always work out as planned. Accept the twists and turns in life gracefully. Keep your expectations realistic. This applies not only to circumstances, but also the behavior of those around you. If you find yourself blowing up over your child or your spouse accidentally spilling a drink, you’re not in touch with the fact that people aren’t perfect. Even if the occasion is not an isolated incident but is instead caused by their repeated neglect and carelessness, losing your patience isn’t going to make it any better. That’s something to be addressed with discussion and self-control.

83.

First, take a few minutes to do absolutely nothing. Just sit quietly and think. Don’t watch television; don’t even read. Do nothing. It may be hard at first, and you may even feel pretty impatient after a minute or two, but by taking some time out you can essentially slow your world down, and that’s important to develop the attitude necessary to develop patience. Second, stop holding yourself and the world around you to unreachable standards. Sure, we’d all be more patient if babies didn’t cry, dishes didn’t break, computers didn’t crash, and people didn’t make mistakes - but that’s never going to happen. Expecting the world to run smoothly is like beating your head against the wall.

84.

Not focusing on what matters most in this life fuels impatience. Move the world toward peace by being kind, generous in forgiveness of others, being grateful for what is, and taking full advantage of what matters most. When other less important things fuel our impatience, taking time to remember any one of these items reduces our tendency to want something different right now.

第II卷

(C)

Ghostwriters are widely used by celebrities or public figures who wish to publish their autobiographies (自传). The degree of involvement of the ghostwriter in nonfiction writing projects ranges from minor to significant. Various sources explain the role of the ghostwriter and how competent (能胜任的) writers can get this kind of work. In some cases, a ghostwriter may be called in just to clean up, edit, and polish a rough draft of an autobiography or a “how-to” book. In other cases, the ghostwriter will write an entire book or article based on information, stories, notes, and an outline, interviews with the celebrity or public figure. The credited authors also indicate to the ghostwriter what type of style, tone, or “voice” they want in the book.

Celebrity books are usually ghostwritten in the first person (I did this and that) or the third person (David Pardon asked the group to recommend someone etc.).

In some cases, such as with some “how-to” books, diet guides, or cookbooks, a book will be entirely written by a ghostwriter, and the celebrity (e.g., a well-known musician or sports star) will be credited as author. Publishing companies use this method to increase the marketability of a book by associating it with a celebrity or well-known figure. In several countries before elections, candidates employ ghostwriters to produce autobiographies for them so as to gain visibility and exposure. Two of John F. Kennedy’s books were almost entirely ghostwritten. Former President Ronald Reagan also released a ghostwritten autobiography.

A consultant or career-switcher may pay to have a book ghostwritten on a topic in their professional area, to establish or enhance their credibility as an “expert” in their field. For example, a successful salesperson hoping to become an inspiring speaker on selling may pay a ghostwriter to write a book on sales techniques. Often this type of book is published in the vanity press, which means that the author is paying to have the book published. This type of book is typically given away to potential clients (客户) as a promotional tool, rather than being sold in bookstores.

72. A ghostwriter does all the following EXCEPT ______ for his client, according to the passage.

A. correct a piece of writing　　　　　　　　　　　 B. write a complete book

C. improve a written article 　　　　　　　　　　 D. interview a celebrity

73. By using “this method” (paragraph 3), the writer means ______.

A. celebrities may help to increase sales

B. celebrities may shift into ghostwriters

C. authors may sometimes become celebrities

D. celebrities may pay publishers for promotion

74. It is implied in the passage that ______.

A. vanity presses are illegal

B. ghostwriters work behind the scene

C. books by ghostwriters don’t sell

D. celebrities can’t do without ghostwriters

75. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about ghostwriters?

A. People who employ them. 　　　　　　　　　 B. Responsibilities they take on.

C. Challenges their work involves. 　　　　　 D. Reasons why they ghostwrite.

(B)

VEGAN CHARITIES AND GOOD CAUSES

These are tough times for the charities, many of which will be experiencing lower levels of donations - so if you can support them please do.

HIPPO

HIPPO is dedicated to relieving poverty and overcoming hunger and malnutrition in poor countries through the provision and production of vegan food. They help vegan orphanages and some of the poorest families in the community, and encourage and assist the development of sustainable (可持续的) agriculture and gardening.

Plants for a Future

Plants for a Future (a project based in Cornwall) researches perennial (四季不断的), eatable and useful plants for sustainable agriculture / living. Their achievements include the creation of an online database of 7,000 plants.

Respect for Animals

Respect for Animals campaigns against the fur trade. They run the annual Design Against Fur competition and were responsible for the anti-fur advertising campaign of the 80’s.

Vegan-Organic Trust

The Vegan-Organic Trust is a charity “devoted to education about animal-free food growing”. They produce a regular magazine and provide information for both large- and small-scale growers.

Vega Research

Vega Research campaigns on farming and human health issues. Sponsors research into vegan nutrition and the links between diet and health.

69. Which of the following campaigns against animal products?

A. Hippo 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. Plants for a Future

C. Vega Research 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. Vegan-Organic Trust

70. Judging from the passage, a “vegan” may be a person who _______.

A. does not eat or use animal products

B. takes a position in a government office

C. is devoted to helping the poor

D. helps in agriculture and gardening

71. What do all the charities and causes have in common?

A. They all deal with animal welfare.

B. They are all in need of donations.

C. They all provide aid in animal caring.

D. They are all about diet and health.

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

One day an out of work mime (哑剧演员) was visiting the zoo and attempted to earn some money as a street performer. As soon as he started to draw a 　50　 , a zoo keeper grabbed him and dragged him into his office. The zoo keeper explained to the mime that the zoo’s most popular attraction, a gorilla, had died suddenly and the keeper feared that 　51　 　at the zoo would fall off.

He offered the mime a job to 　52　 　the gorilla until they could get another one. The mime53　 .

So the next morning the mime put on the gorilla suit and entered the cage before the crowd came. He discovered that it was a 　54　 　job. He could sleep if he wanted, play and 　55　 　people and he drew bigger crowds than he ever had as a mime. 　56　 , eventually the crowds got tired of him and he got tired of just swinging on tails. He 　57　 　to notice that the people were paying more attention to the lion in the cage next to his. Not wanting to lose the attention of his audience, he climbed to the top of his cage, crawled across a partition (隔墙), and dangled (悬荡) from the top to the lion’s cage. Of course, this made the lion very angry, but the crowd 　58　 　it.

At the end of the day the zoo keeper came and gave the mime a 　59　 　for being such an attraction. Well, this went on for some time, the mime kept 　60　 　the lion, the crowds grew larger, and his salary kept going up. Then one terrible day when he was dangling over the angry lion he slipped and fell. The mime was 　61　 .

The lion gathered itself and prepared to pounce (猛扑). The mime was so scared that he began to run round and round the cage with the lion close 　62　 . Finally, the mime started screaming and yelling, “Help me, help me!”, but the lion was quick and pounced. The mime soon found himself flat on his back looking up at the angry lion and the lion said, “　 63　 　you fool! Do you want to get us both 　64　 ?”

50. A. ticket 　　　　　　　　 B. profit　　　　　　　　　　　 C. crowd 　　　　　　　　 D. lesson

51. A. reputation 　　　　 B. cost 　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. confidence 　　　　　 D. attendance

52. A. take care of　　　　 B. dress up as　　　　　　　　 C. make up for　　　　　 D. keep up with

53. A. declined 　　　　　　 B. hesitated 　　　　　　　　 C. accepted 　　　　　　　 D. doubted

54. A. great 　　　　　　　　 B. demanding 　　　　　　　 C. meaningless 　　　　 D. busy

55. A. make fun of 　　　 B. communicate with　　 C. cooperate with 　　 D. take advantage of

56. A. Surprisingly 　　　 B. However 　　　　　　　　 C. Therefore 　　　　　　 D. Additionally

57. A. failed 　　　　　　　　 B. refused 　　　　　　　　　 C. managed 　　　　　　 D. began

58. A. loved　　　　　　　　　 B. feared　　　　　　　　　　　 C. forgot 　　　　　　　　 D. excused

59. A. warning 　　　　　　 B. direction 　　　　　　　　 C. raise　　　　　　　　　　 D. punishment

60. A. fighting 　　　　　　 B. insulting 　　　　　　　　 C. boring 　　　　　　　　 D. frightening

61. A. caught 　　　　　　　 B. attacked 　　　　　　　　　 C. terrified 　　　　　　　 D. offended

62. A. behind 　　　　　　　 B. ahead 　　　　　　　　　　 C. beyond 　　　　　　　 D. aside

63. A. Hurry up 　　　　　 B. Get up 　　　　　　　　　　 C. Wake up 　　　　　　 D. Shut up

64. A. helped　　　　　　　　 B. killed　 　　　　　　　　　 C. favored 　　　　　　　 D. fired

Section B

Directions:　 Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

A wallet misplaced during a romantic embrace has been returned to its forgetful owner after 55 years.

Two classic car collectors from the US state of Idaho found the wallet after it fell out of the back of a vintage (旧式的) car they were planning to restore. After an Internet search they found and contacted the owner, Glenn Goodlove. Mr. Goodlove said he probably lost the wallet in the back seat of his 1946 Hudson car while kissing a girl when he was home on leave from the US Navy.

Jon Beck, 61, and Chuck Merrill, 72, bought the now-vintage vehicle in Idaho after placing an ad in a local newspaper to buy a classic car in need of restoration. Driving the car home after buying it, the collectors stopped at a restaurant and saw something from below the back seat.

“Like a couple of kids, we thought we had a goldmine,” Mr. Beck said. Instead, they found some small change - the leather wallet held a $10 bill, Mr. Goodlove’s military ID, his social security card, his driver’s license and several jewellery receipts from 1952. But they were all in the name of Glenn Putnam.

After searching online, Mr. Beck discovered that Mr. Putnam had since changed his name to Glenn Goodlove and moved to San Diego, California. He called Mr. Goodlove, asking to speak to a man who used to drive a ’46 Hudson.

“There was a silence for about 15 seconds,” Mr. Beck told the Twin Falls Times-News. “Then he said, ‘Who is that?’” Mr. Goodlove, now 75, says he did not even remember losing the wallet, but the find has brought memories of his youth in Everett, Washington, flooding back. “I could see the house and the car and the town and all the good stuff from living there,” he said. “They’ve been flowing ever since he talked to me.”

65. The lost wallet contained all the following EXCEPT ______.

A. some money 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. some jewellery

C. some receipts　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. some cards

66. Which of the following happened last?

A. The vintage car　 was purchased. 　　　　　 B. An advertisement was placed.

C. Mr. Goodlove’s name was changed.　　　　 D. Some personal belongings were found.

67. What difference did the wallet make to Glenn?

A. He gained unexpected wealth.

B. He got back his lost car as well.

C. He improved his poor memory a lot.

D. He recalled what had long been forgotten.

68. The most proper title for the passage is ______.

A. A Forgetful Wallet Owner　　　　　　　　　　 B. Two Car Collectors and a Good Deed

C. Price Paid for Romance　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. Lost Wallet Found after 55 Years

40.　 When a ship that sank in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm, the scientists were overjoyed with the chance _____ the remains of the past.

A. examine　　　　　　　　　 B. examining　　　　 C. to examine　　　　　　　 D. examined

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. limit 　　　　 B. impose 　　　　　　 C. based 　　　　　　　 D. traditionally 　　 E. relevant

F. annually 　 G. phrase 　　　　　　 H. marketing 　　　　 I. calendar 　　　　　 J. introduced

The Academy Awards, affectionately known as the Oscars, are the oldest, best known, most influential and famous of film awards. The awards have been presented 　41　 　(the first awards ceremony was held in May of 1929) by a non-profit professional organization - the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), 　42　 　in Beverly Hills, California, and founded in 1927. Ever since 1941, when the now-famous confidential (机密的) envelope system was 　43　 , marking the first year of complete secrecy, “the Envelope Please” has become a familiar 　44that calls up the thought of the Academy Awards ceremony.

Except for the early years of the institution, the awards honored films made during the previous 12-month 　45　 　year. Until 1954, the Oscars were presented mostly on a Thursday evening. From 1955 to 1958, they were presented on a Wednesday. From 1959 until 1998 the Oscars were, with a few exceptions, presented on a Monday night. Only since 1999 has the Awards ceremony taken place on a Sunday (　 46　 　in March). In 2004, the ceremony was moved even earlier to improve ratings and to be more 　47　 　to the awards “season”.

The establishment of the Academy (and its awards system) has had a major effect and influence upon the film industry. The Academy has, with limited success, tried to 　48　 　the influences of promotion, box office gross receipts, and studio public relations and 　49　 　on voting results.

39.　 News came from Europe _____ Amy and Laurie, the grandson of a wealthy family, had planned to be married soon.

A. where　　　　　　　　　　　 B. which　　　　　　　 C. as　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. that

38.　 Later, I realized that I didn’t know his name or the least bit about him, _____ intend to ask.

A. nor did I　　　　　　　　　 B. I did not　　　　　　 C. nor I did　　　　　　　　　 D. either did I

37.　 _____ he appeared to be only about ten, he seemed to have known the bitterness of life.

A. Since　　　　　　　　　　　 B. Besides　　　　　　 C. Though　　　　　　　　　　 D. As long as