95. In which session are you likely to read the passage in a newspaper?

A. Science    B. Education   C. Entertainment    D. Economy

Key: 92-95 CCBA

(B)

One might compare the Hollywood of the 1930s and 1940s to an empire, and the great film producers to its rulers. We could like the studios and their chiefs to the Mogul Empire which lasted from the early 16th to the mid-19th century in India. The ruler, the Great Mogul, exercised tremendous power and lived in a great place of impressive beauty. The second mogul empire, ruled by the moguls of Hollywood, did not survive long, but the power exercised by the great studio heads could be almost as great as that of the Great Mogul. They enjoyed almost as much wealth, and their fame was certainly more widespread. The Great Mogul could boast of having thousands of slaves, but he could not claim to control the likes of the "golden slaves" of the Hollywood moguls: the film stars. And even though these "golden slaves" were not numbered in thousands, the public's impression was that studios like MGM had "more stars than there are in heaven".    What kinds of lives did those stars of yesterday live? On the surface, they were lives of extraordinary glamour and excitement, but in fact the moguls controlled them to a large extent. The aim of each studio was to make rather ordinary men and women into America's screen idols. To do this, the studio chiefs told the stars that they must not smoke or drink, decided which other stars they should go out with, said that they ought to buy a large house and enormous car, and tried to ensure that in every way, they became what the moguls believed the public wanted.    How could the film moguls tell such stars as Clark Gable and Elizabeth Taylor what they must or must not do, how they should or should not behave? Why did the stars allow it? There were two reasons. Firstly, these stars were "the best-paid slaves in history". They were looked after and protected in every way. Secondly, they had signed seven-year contracts. These contracts gave the moguls absolute power over them. The moguls could insist that a star must act in a particular film. If the star refused, he or she could be suspended without pay, and the time he or she did not work was added to the seven-year contract.    The film stars were, in a very real way, the "property" of the studios. The Great Mogul maintained control over his people for the sake of his own power and glory. The film chiefs exercised control for the sake of profit. They bought acting talent -- or a pretty face and they sold dreams. It may sound inhuman, this trading in people's lives, but it gives a new meaning to the words of the song: "There's no business like show business". It was a great show in Hollywood, while it lasted, but business is what it was really about.

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