主语(Noun / Pronoun

The + adj

V-ing / Clause/Infinitive)

附属成分: 基本成分的修饰语。可以是：

•　　　　　 　定语：即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句

•　　　　　 　状语：即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句。

定　　 语

Poor John tottered toward a hospital nearby．　　　　　 She likes oranges imported from the USA.

John gave Mary many books，which are full of illustrations．

Have you seen the book on the desk?　 /　 The boy playing over there is my brother.　 /　 People there like sports.

状　 语

John often came to chat with me．　 /　 John likes oranges very much．

Whenever he gets drunk，John makes Mary very angry．

Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. /　 As he was ill, he didn’t come to class yesterday.

She is sitting at the desk, doing her homework.

My father worked in this school ten years ago.　　 /　　 You’d better stay here.

句子扩张练习:

The lady has won a medal .

The girl jumped.

The gentlemen can speak languages.

The grandma told me an story.

The men sat.

两个简单句的主语可以连词and、but、both..and、either…or、neither…nor、not only…but also等连词连接组成一个简单句，但应注意主语和谓语动词的一致性。

1. The boss is flying to Paris. His secretary is flying to Paris.

The boss and his secretary are flying to Paris.　 /　 Both the boss and his secretary are flying to Paris.

break 词组 1. The little boy broke ______ from his mother and ran away. 2. The car broke　______ and they had to walk back home.　　 3. Don’t break　______ when others are speaking. 4. They broke　_____ the house and took the necklace away.　　 5. A quarrel broke　_____ between them.

call 词组： 1. We called _____ Mike's house yesterday. 2. All ships sailing on the oceans call _____ help by radio in English. 3. I'll call _____ my uncle at Beijing Railway Station.　　　　 4. Let's call _____ a doctor for the little girl. 5. Many of these songs called _____ the workers to take up the struggle. 6. I shall call _____ him tomorrow.　　　　　 7. I heard somebody calling _____ to me from downstairs. 8. Call me _____ tomorrow; my number is 536291. 9. Your letter calls _____　 the days when we worked together fifteen years ago.