3.用冠词与不用冠词的差异

  在某些习惯用语中,用还是不用冠词,意义不同,有时甚至差别很大,使用时要特别注意。

 
at table
进餐
at the table
在桌子旁
 
in hospital
住院
in the hospital
在医院里
 
by sea
乘船(由海路)
by the sea
在海边
 
go to sea
当水手
go to the sea
去海边
 
in future
从今以后,将来
in the future
未来
 
on earth
究竟
on the earth
在地球上,在世上
 
go to school (church…)
上学(做礼拜…)
go to the school (church…)
到学校(教堂)去
 
in front of
在…(外部的)前面
in the front of
在…(内部的)前面
 
on horseback
骑着马
on the horseback
在马背上
 
take place
发生
take the place of
代替
 
two of us
我们当中的两人
the two of us
我们两人(共计两人)
 
out of question
毫无疑问,一定
out of the question
不可能
 
on the whole = in general
大体上,一般地
as a whole = altogether
全部地,整体
 
A most important meeting
一个重要的会议
the most important meeting
最重要的会议
 
A third time
又一次
the third time
第三次
 
at a distance
稍远一些
in the distance
在远处
 
A number of
许多
the number of
…的数目
 
for a moment
一会儿
for the moment
目前,暂时
 
be in charge of
负责…
be in the charge of
由…负责,在…掌管之下
 
by day
在白天
by the day
按日计算
 
in possession of
拥有
in the possession of
为…所有
 
in sight of
能看见
in the sight of
据…的见解
 
in place of
代替
in the place of
在…的地方
 
be of age
成年
be of an age
同龄
 
take advice
征求意见
take the advice
听从劝告
 
He is still in office.
他仍在执政
He is still in the office.
他仍在办公室里

2.不定冠词a(n)的几种特殊用法

(1)不定冠词a(n)用于有或没有形容词修饰的抽象名词前。

   Many people agreed that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today.

   许多人都持相同的看法,在当前国际贸易交往中,英语知识是必备的知识。

(2)不定冠词s(n)用于有形容词修饰的一日二餐前。

   Before I go to work every morning, I’ve a light breakfast.

   我每天早晨上班前.吃点简单的早餐。

(3)不定冠词a(n)用于有形容词修饰的季节、日期前。

   The traffic accident happened on a Sunday towards the end of July.

   车祸是7月底的一个星期天发生的。

(4)不定冠词a(n)用于序数词前,表示一次,又一。

   How important it is to learn a second language!

   再学一门语言是多么重要啊!

(5)不定冠词a(n)表示“per”的意思。

   His income is one thousand yuan a month.

   他的月收入是1000元。

(6)不定冠词a(n)用于有good/great many修饰的名词复数前。

   I’ve visited the Great Wall a good many times.

   我参观过长城好多次。  ’

(7)不定冠词a(n)用于形式为复数,但意义仍为单数的名词前。

   A thousand miles is a good distance.

   一千英里是相当远的距离。

(8)不定冠词a(n)用于一些原来是动词的名词前。

   Let’s have a walk around the playground after supper.

   晚饭后,让我们围着操场散步吧!

(9)有一些抽象名词:advice(忠告),behavior(行为),fortune(运气),fun(娱乐),information(情报),progress(进步),damage(损害),harm(伤害)等,即使被形容词修饰,也不加不定冠词。

   Karl Marx gave us some advice on how to learn foreign language well.

   卡尔·马克思就怎样学好外语,提出了许多建议。

(10)用在某些固定词组中。

    A few, a little, a lot of, a bit, a couple of, all of a sudden(突然), as a matter of fact(实际上), in a hurry(匆忙的), in a word(简言之), have a good time(玩得愉快), do sb. a favour(帮忙), pay a visit to(访问), as a rule(惯例), as a whole(总之), in a day or two(一两天), in a way(在某种程度上), of a size(大小相同), have a word with sb.(与…交谈), make a living(谋生), take a pride in(自豪), take a walk(break, bath, seat)(散步(休息、洗澡、就座)), a great deal of(大量), be a pity(遗憾), have a cold(headache, fever)(感冒(头痛、发烧)), many a(许多), catch a cold(感冒).

第一节:单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

 66. This test      (不及格) has been brought out by my carelessness.

 67.He was highly praised for he had saved the      (溺水) boy.

 68.Don't put the two glasses together, but please wrap them       (单独地).

 69.She      (讨价还价) with the trader till he sold her the fruit cheaply.

 70. We comers like this product very much and we expressed our       (满意)

   with it.             

 71.She was afraid that others would hear her, so she w      the news to me.

 72. Chinese is the most beautiful language c      with other languages in the world.

 73. Eric is a r       customer in the super - market, and he goes there to buy the   things he needs every weekend.

 74. You'll have to a       to your teacher for forgetting to do your homework.

 75. After finishing writing .the letter, Linda folded it and put it in the e      .

   A warm-heart nurse on her first day's work came to     76      

   a patient. She asked him she could do anything for      77      

   him, and he only waved his hands and said something    78       

   she could :hardly understand. She asked him again      79       

   and he just kept saying the different words, but        80       

   in a more lower voice, before dosing his eyes. She      81       

   felt his pulse and found him death. She rushed to       82        

repeat to the doctor sounds she had heard. "My       83        

   dear girl," said the doctor after listen carefully to      84       

   what she repeats, "he was saying you're standing on     85       

   my oxygen pipe"

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