7. Which of the following is true?

A. Although the nuclear family developed before the extended family, the latter is gaining more and more popularity everywhere in the world.

B. the most important reason why people are leaving villages is that they do not enjoy living together with their parents or grandparents.

C. Different types of families have developed as different ways of life are accepted.

D. Families change because tides and fashions always change.

C

　　 In 1957 a doctor in Singapore noticed that hospitals were treating an unusual number of influenza-like cases. Influenza is sometimes called ‘flu’ or a ‘bad cold’. He took samples from the throats of patients and in his hospital was able to find the virus of this influenza.

There were three main types of the influenza virus. The most important of these are type A and B, each of them having several subgroups. With the instruments at the hospital the doctor recognized that the outbreak was due to a virus in group A, but he did not know the subgroup. Then he reported the outbreak to the World Health Organization in Geneva. W.H.O. published the important news alongside reports of a similar outbreak in Hong Kong, where about 15-20% of the population had become ill.

　 As soon as the London doctors received the package of throat samples, doctors began the standard tests. They found that by reproducing itself with very high speed, the virus had grown more than a million times within two days. Continuing their careful tests, the doctors checked the effect of drugs against all the known sungroups of virus type A. none of them gave any protection. This ,then, was something new, a new influenza virus, against which the people of the world had no help whatever.

Having found the virus they were working with, the two doctors now dropped it into the noses of some specially selected animals, which get influenza much as human beings do. In a short time the usual signs of the disease appeared. These experiments proved that the new virus was easy to catch, but that it was not a killer. Scientists, like the general public, call it simply Asian flu.

The first discovery of the virus, however, was made in China before the disease had appeared in other countries. Various reports showed that the influenza outbreak started in China, probably in February of 1957. by the middle of March it had spread all over China. The virus was found by Chinese doctors early in March. But China is not a member of the World Health Organization and therefore does not report outbreaks of disease to it. Not until two months later, when travellers carried the virus into Hang Kong, from where it spread to Singapore, did the news of the outbreak reach the rest of the world. By this time it was well started on its way around the world.

Thereafter, W.H.O.’s Weekly Reports described the steady spread of this great virus outbreak, which within four months swept through every continent.

6. The reason why many people are leaving farms to find jobs in the city is ________.

　 A. that there are more and more nuclear families in the world.

　 B. that extended families are hard to maintain.

　 C. that people do not like to settle down.

　 D. not stated in above article.

5. The nuclear family was the rule because _________.

　 A. the family had to move around to find enough food.

　 B. people didn’t know many ways of hunting animals.

C. People needed many hands to do farming.

　 D. the extended family had not been invented yet.

4. In many cultures today, __________.

　 A. the family is the world

　 B. the family is not an institution.

　 C. the family does not have any functions.

　 D. the family has lost many of the functions it used to have.

3. What does the passage imply about Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong?

　 A. They were the founders of “scat singing”.

　 B. They played the same musical instruments.

　 C. They performed well together.

　 D. They were a married couple.

B

Families have always changed. For instance, once the family was the world. In other words, at one time everything a person did took place within the family. The family was a child’s only school. One worshiped only within the family. The rules set up by the family were the only laws one had to obey, and the family was the only means one had to settle a dispute. The family is still the “world’ in some cultures. But in many cultures, these former functions of the family have largely been taken over by other institutions, such as schools, churches, and governments.

In the past, families changed in other ways. Some scientists believe that when people obtained food by hunting animals and gathering roots and plants, the nuclear family was the rule. The family had to be small in order to move around and live off the land. When people settled in one place and began to farm to

obtain food, they found that they needed more hands to do the work. The extended family developed in some cultures. Now in addition to their children, people lived together with their parents and even grandparents.

How are families changing today? The number of nuclear families seems to be increasing everywhere in the world. The number of extended families is declining. One reason for this seems to be that in many cultures today people are leaving farms and villages to find jobs in the city. Extended families are hard to maintain when people have to be free to move in order to find work.

2. The underlined word “spotted” means______.

　 A. noticed　 B. brought up　 C. employed　 D. recognized

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

　 A. A comparison of Ella Fitzgerald and Bessie Smith.

　 B. The musical career of Ella Fitzgerald.

　 C. Ella Fitzgerald’s early childhood.

　 D. Ella Fitzgerald’s most recent recordings.

6．When it is 8:00 pm in China, it is _______ in the USA.

A. 6:00 am　　　　 B. 6:00 pm　　　　 C. 7:00 am　　　　 D. 7:00 pm

我们先看第一题，从语法搭配及其意思来看，Britain fought against France with Germany (英国跟德国一起为反对法国而战)和Britain fought with France against Germany (英国跟法国一起为反对德国而战)都是讲得通的。但由于历史事实并非如此，第二次世界大战期间，为了世界和平，英法结成同盟，是“英国跟法国一起为反对德国而战”。因此，该题应尊重历史事实而选择答案C。在B和D选项中，for的意思是“为”，不太适合。

第二题应从两个短语入手，in the fifties意思为“在五十年代”；in one’s fifties意思为“在某人五十几岁的时候”，从语文的文学常识来看，鲁讯先生生于1881年，死于1936年，终年五十五岁。因此，在上面的选项中，只能选择D才正确。其它B和C的搭配不对，而A的语法搭配虽然正确，但却不符合历史事实，因此也不能选。

第三题是关于地理方面的知识，在学习英语的时候，许多同学都知道两个地点的位置关系可分为几个方面：(1)一个地点在另一个地点的范围内，应用in；(2)两个并列的地点之间的位置关系，如果是有交界，则用on，没有交界则用to。从地图上我们可以看出，河南与湖北是有交界的，因此应选择on。

第四题是关于生活习惯方面的知识，在中国，车辆靠右行，而在英国车辆是靠左行的，而且“在左边”和“在右边”的介词是on不是in。因此，该题答案为B。

第五题是关于南北半球一年四季变换这一地理方面的知识。当北半球是春天的时候，南半球是秋天；当北半球夏天的时候南半球冬天；依次类推。由于中国此时为春天，另一国家是秋天，所以这个国家一定是在南半球，从选项看四个国家中，只有澳大利亚在南半球。所以该题的答案为C。

第六题也是一道关于时区这一地理方面的知识。我们知道，全球共分为24个时区，美国华盛顿在西五区，中国北京在东八区，相差共13个时区，也就是说，中国北京的时间比华盛顿的时间快13个小时。因此，当北京时间为下午八点时，华盛顿的时间应该为早上七点，所以答案为C。

5．When it is spring in China, it is autumn in _______ .

A. England　　　　 B. America　　　　 C. Australia　　　　 D. Japan

4．When you are in the UK, you must drive _______ .

A. in the left　　　　 B. on the left　　　　　

C. in the right　　　 D. on the right