1、　 结构 to + V原　 / not to +V原

5、　 以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答用 must， 否定回答用 needn’t

---Must I finish the work today ?　　 ---No, you needn’t.

---May I come in?　 ---No, you musn’t.

非谓语动词

4、　 lose, forget, leave

lose 丢失、失去

forget 忘记　 forget to do sth　 /　 forget doing sth

leave + 地点 “把某物落在某地)

3、die , dead , death , dying

　 die(动词)死亡→(过去时)died　　 His friend died 3 years ago.

　 dead(die的过去分词，用于完成时，与for, since搭配)

　　　　 His friend has been dead for 3 years.

　 death(名词)死亡　 His death is the loss(损失) of China.

　 dying　 垂死的　　　 The poor man is dying.

2、arrive , get , reach

arrive + at / in +地点　　 When did you arrive in Chengdu ?

get to +地点　 　　　　How do you get to school ?

reach +地点　　　　　 When she reached the supermarket , her mother is shopping.

1、dress , put on , wear

　 dress sb / oneself (in) 给某人穿衣。 She dressed her baby in a red skirt.

　 dress up 打扮、装扮　 The girl dressed herself up ant went to the party.

　 Put on (动作)穿上 It’s cold outside , put on your coat.

　 wear = be in 穿着、戴着　 Lily wears T-shirt every day. = Lily is in T-shirt every day.

3、时间状语 ：by the time + 表示过去的时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时。

　 By the time we arrived at the shop, the bus had left.

动词、短语辨析

2、结构：had + V过分

1、过去完成时表示过去某个时间以前好或过去某个动作以前，已经发生的动作或状态。(过去的过去)

When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at hone.　　　 By the time she got to class, the teacher had started teaching.

3、when一般接一般过去时　 I was doing my homework when my father came home.

　 while一般接进行时　　　 While my mother was cleaning, I went out.　　 He was playing basketball while she was reading books.

(7)过去完成时