5. 当先行词指人时that一般可以与who 通用；当先行词指物时，that一般可以与which通用。但是当先行词符合下列条件之一时，只能用that.

⑴ 当先行词指物为不定代词时，只用that引导定语从句。

I've forgotten everything that I learnt at school. 我在学校学的东西我全忘记了。

⑵ 当先行词是最高级或被最高级所修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。

This is the best way that we can raise money. 这是我们可以筹钱的最好方法。

⑶ 当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。

He is the first person that I met this morning. 他是我今天早上见到的第一个人。

⑷ 当先行词被only, very, just, last, one of, all no, little, few, any等词修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。

It is one of the beautiful views that I have seen. 这是我所见到的最美的风景之一。

⑸ 当先行词既有人又有物时，只能用that引导定语从句。

We talked the things and persons that we were interested in.

我们谈论我们感兴趣的人和事。

⑹ 如果有两个从句，其中一个用了who (which)来引导，则另一个用that以避免重复。

He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.

他建造了工厂要生产一些我们以前没见过的东西。

⑺ 当先行词被the only, the very, the some, the last等词修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。

　 This is the last place that I want to visit. 这是我想参观的最后一个地方。

4.　 that引导的定语从句的先行词既可指人也可指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。that在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词一般不放在它的前面。

The new job that I found was to be a teacher. 我新找的工作是当老师。

He is the teacher that we met at the bus stop.

他就是我们昨天在公共汽车站遇到的那位老师。

The village that he lives in is very far away. 他所居住的村子非常远。

★　 关系代词在定语从句中作短语动词的宾语时，此时关系代词前的介词应是短语动词固定搭配中的那一个介词。

　　 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。

3. Whose 引导的定语从句的先行词可以是人也可以是物，whose在从句中作定语。Whose 作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。

The man whose coat is blue is cleaning the room. 那个穿蓝上衣的人在打扫房间。

The book whose cover is red is an English book. 那本红色封面的书是一本英语书。

The boss in whose factory I worked is a very kind person. =

The boss whose factory I worked in is a very kind person.

我工作的那个工厂的老板是一个非常和善的人。

2. 当先行词指物时，使用which，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时常可省略。Which 作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。

The books which were bought last week will be sent to poor children.

上周买的那些书将被送给贫困孩子。

He gave me the ball (which) we bought last week. 他把我们上周买的球给了我。

Don't bring children to see the animals of which they are afraid. =

Don't bring children to see the animals (which) they are afraid of.

不在带孩子去看那些他们害怕的动物。

关系代词代替的是表示人或物的名词或代词，并且在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成份。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。关系代词在从句是作宾语时常可省略。常见的关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

1. 当先行词指人时，使用who或whom，如果在从句中作主语，则用who；作宾语，则用whom，但在口语中，常可用who代替whom，也可以省略。Whom 作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。

The boy who can play basketball well is our monitor.

那个篮球打得好的男孩是我们的班长。

The man (whom) we met at the school gate is an English teacher.

　　 我们在学校门口遇到的那个人是一位英语教师。

　 The woman to whom you talked is Kangkang`s mother. =

The woman (whom) you talked to is Kangkang`s mother

　　 那位与你谈话的妇女是康康的妈妈。

8、(1)who/that　 (2)why　 (3)which/that　 (4)when (5)which/that

(6)where　　　 (7)whose　 (8)whom/who/that　 (9)which　 (10)that

7、D　 考查定语从句。the house是地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用where.

6、B　　 考查定语从句。Shaolin Temple是地点，但先行词在从句中作主语，所以用which不用where.

5、C　　 先行词the man指人，排除A项，关系代词在从句中作主语，用who.

4、D　 先行词the girl指人，关系词在从句中作定语修饰名词mother，所以应选D