5、简单句与复合句之间的转换。

  ①含宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换。例如:

  A:I saw they were playing football on the playground. 

  B:I saw them playing football on the playground.

  A:The teacher found that she was very clever.

  B:The teacher found her very clever.

  A:He found that it was hard to learn English well.

  B:He found it hard to learn English well.

  A:We are sure that we will win to first match.

  B:We are sure to win to first match.

  由疑问代词/副词引导的宾语从句可转化为“疑问句+不定式”结构。例如:

  A:Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station?

  B:Could you tell me how to get to the railway station?

  A:We don’t know what we should do next.

  B:We don’t know what to do next.

  ②由when/after/before/while/since/until引导的时间状语从句可转化为when/after/before/while/sine/until + doing…

例如:

  A:They went home after they finished their work.

  B:The went home after finishing their work.

  A:Mr Smith has taught English since he came to China.

  B:Mr Smith has taught English since coming to China.

  When sb. +be+数词+years old→at the age of+岁数

  A:When he was twelve years old, Edison started writing his own newspaper.

  B:At the age of twelve, Edison started writing his own newspaper.

  ③由so…that…引导的结果状语从句可转化为too…to do或…enough to do……例如:

  A:The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.

  B:The box is too heavy for me to carry.

  或:The box isn’t light enough for me to carry.

  A:The child is so old that he can go to school.

  B:The child is old enough to go to school.

  ④由so that 引导的目的状语从句可转化为in order to do例如:

  A:My father got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus.

  B:My father got up early this morning in order to catch the early bus.

  ⑤由because 引导的原因状语从句可转化为because of…例如:

  A:We didn’t go to the park because it rained.

  B:We didn’t go to the park because of the rain.

  ⑥定语从句可以转化为介词短语或分词短语。例如:

  A:The man who is on the bike is Jim.

  B:The man on the bike is Jim.

  A:The man who is driving the red car is my boss.

  B:The man driving the red car is my boss.

  A:The girl who is called Mary is my sister.

  B:The girl called Mary is my sister.

  根据上句,写出一个意思相同(或相近)的下句,此类形式繁多,内容复杂,涉及面广,归类如下:

1、同义词或词组之间的转换。(通常上下句时态保持一致)。

  常见的同义词或词组有:(1)四个“花费”(spend-take-cost-take);(2)三个“到达”(get to-reach-arrive in/at);(3)四个“收到…来信”(hear from-get a letter from-receive a letter from-have a letter from);(4)两个“擅长于…”(be good at -do well in);(5)两个“有空”(be free-have time);(6)三个“入睡”(go to sleep-get to sleep-fall asleep);(7)两个“玩得开心”(enjoy oneself-have a good time);(8)“给…打电话”(call sb-telephone sb-ring sb. a call-make a telephone to sb.)(9)“飞往…”(fly to…-go to…by air/plane)(10)“自学”(teach oneself-learn…by oneself)(11)在…方面帮助help…with…-help… (to)do…(12)在…差be weak in…-do badly in…(13)能/会…can-be able to(14)更喜欢…like…better than…-prefer…to…(15)充满了…be full of…-be filled with…(16)放弃干…give up doing…-stop doing…(17)不再… no longer-not …any longer(18)照顾/保管 take care of…-look after(19)展览 on show-on display(20)阻止…干…stop…from doing-keep/prevent…from doing…(21)由于 thanks to-because of…(22)举手hands up-put up one’s hands(23)最后,终于at last-in the end(24)与…不同 be different from…-be not the same as…(25)从…借入… borrow…from…-lend…to…(26)乘公汽/火车/的士 go to…by bus/train/taxi-take a bus /train/taxi to…(27)乘自行车去… go to…by bike-ride a bike to…(28)为…感到自豪 be proud of…-be the pride of…(29)步行去… walk to…-go to…on foot (30)独自地by oneself -alone等。例如:

  A:The children had a good time in the park.

  B:The children enjoyed themselves in the park.

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