3. 选择疑问句：
选择疑问句是说话者提出两种或两种以上的不同情况，让对方选择回答的疑问句。其结构是“疑问句+选择部分”。选择部分由or连接，or前面的部分读升调，or后面的部分读降调。
选择疑问句不能用yes或no回答，而必须具体的选择答复。
Is your bag yellow or black?
It’s black.。
Would you like some tea or
coffee? Either will do.。
Which do you like better, singing or
dancing? I like dancing better.
4. 反意疑问句：
反意疑问句是指在陈述句之后附加一个意思与之相反的简短问句，问对方是否赞同的疑问句。附加问句的否定式必须缩写。
(1)肯定的陈述句后跟否定的附加问句，否定的陈述句后跟肯定的附加问句。
I am your teacher, aren’t I?
He didn’t study hard, did he?
(2)如果陈述句中含有否定副词never(从不，决不)，hardly(几乎不)或其他表示否定代词或形容词，如nothing, none no one, nobody, neither, few, little等，则附加问句只能用肯定式。如：
They hardly write to each other, do
they?
He has found nothing, has he?
Few people knew the secret, did they?
(3)当反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定附加问句”时，英语与汉语的回答习惯存在差异。英语回答时只看实际情况，若答语的具体内容是肯定的就用“Yes+肯定结构”，答语的具体内容是否定的就用“No+否定结构”，而译成汉语时，则必须把yes译“不是”，把no译成“是的”。
---You won’t be away for long, will
you? 你不会离开太久，是吗？
---Yes, I will.不，我会离开很久。
---No, I won’t.是的，我不会离开很久。
---I don’t think she’ll come by bike,
will she? 我认为她不会骑自行车，会吗？
---Yes, she will.不，她会骑自行车来。
---No, she won’t.是的，她不会骑自行车来。
四. 由what, how引导的感叹句的构成形式、用法及区别
感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊异等感情的句子。句末用感叹号“！”，读时用降调，感叹句往往由what或how引导，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，副词或动词。
1. what引导的感叹句：
(1)what + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语)
What a beautiful city it is!
What an interesting story she told!
(2)what+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语)
What expensive watches they are!
What terrible weather it is!
2．How引导的感叹句：
(1)How+形容词/副词+陈述句(主语+谓语)
How cold it is!
How hard he works!
(2)How+陈述句(主语+谓语)
How he loves his son!
How I miss you!
(3)How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语)
How tall a tree it is!
(4)上述两种感叹句可以互相转换。例如：
What a clever boy he is!→How clever the boy is!
What a cold day it is!→How cold it is!
[实例解析]
1. (2004年上海徐汇区中考试题)
_________ useful computer it is!
A. What B. What a C. What an D. How
答案：B。该题考查的是感叹句的结构。这个感叹句的中心词是一单数可数名词computer, 所以要用what来修饰，又因为useful第一个发音是辅音，what之后的不定冠词用a,而不用an。
2. (2004年嘉兴市中考试题)
---________ is it from Jiaxing to Hangzhou?
---I’m not sure, but it takes about ninety minutes to get there by bus.
A. How many B. How often C. How much D. How far
答案：D。该题考查的是特殊疑问句疑问词的选择。问话者是在问距离，所以应用how far来提问。
3. (2004年河北省中考试题)
---_______ will it take us to get there by bus?
---About two hours.
A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How quick
答案：C。该题考查的是特殊疑问句疑问词的选择。问话者是在问时间，所以应用how long来提问。
4. (2004年长沙市中考试题)
---Help! There is a snake near the house.
---________ afraid. It will go away later.
A. Don’t B. Not C. Don’t be D. Be
答案：C。该题考查的是祈使句的结构。祈使句的否定结构是：“Don’t(Never)+动词原形+其他成分” 符合这一要求的只有C。
[中考演练]
一. 单项填空
1. ---Excuse me, _______ is the nearest bookshop?
---Go down the street and turn left at the second corner.
A. how B. what C. where D. who
2. ---______ is it from our school to the Bell Tower?
---About half an hour’s bus ride. Shall we go and visit it?
A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How
much
3. ---Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, _______?
---No. She got up too late.
A. had she B. hadn’t she C. did she D.
didn’t she
4. ---The room is so dirty. ______ we clean it?
---Of course.
A. Will B. Would C. Do D. Shall
5. ---__________, sir?
---Size 41, I think
A. What size do you need B. What can I do for you
C. How do you like this shirt D. What’s the matter
with you
6. ---_______ good weather! Why not go out for a walk?
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
7. ---It’s a nice car. ______ have you been in it?
---Just to Shanghai.
A. How much B. How long C. How soon D. How
far
8. ---_______ to the United States?
---No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago.
A. Have you been B. Have you gone
C. Did you go D.
Will you go
9. ---_______ were you away from school last year?
---About two weeks.
A. How often B. How soon C. How long D.
When
10. ---______ do you want?
---I want a CD of popular songs.
A. Which
CD B. How many CDs
C. What
CD D. How
much
11. _______ is your mother, a teacher or a doctor?
A. What B. Which C. Who D. whose
12. ---______ is your mother today, Jim?
---She is much better.
A. How B. What C. Where D. How old
13. ---______he ______ at this school last term?
---Yes, I think so.
A. Did…study B.
Does…study
C. Was…study D.
Did…studied
14. ---_______ did you begin to learn English?
---Three years ago.
A. When B. Why C. Where D. What
15. ---________ do you write to your pen-friend?
---Once a week.
A. How long B. How soon C. How far
D. How often
16. _______ nice flowers! Where did you pick them?
A. How B. What C. What a D.
How a
17. The sick man’s allowed to take a walk in the garden every day,
_______?
A. is he B. isn’t he C. has he D.
hasn’t he
18. ______ cross the road before the traffic lights turn green.
A. Not B. Won’t C. Don’t D. Doesn’t
19. He found nothing in the room, _________?
A. doesn’t
he B. does he
C. didn’t
he D. did he
20. You haven’t changed your mind, ________?
A. do
you B.
are you
C. have
you D. did you
二. 句型转换(按要求改写下列句子)
1. Bruce bought a dictionary yesterday. (改为否定句)
Bruce ________ ________ a dictionary yesterday.
2. Mr. Smith does morning exercises every day. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Mr. Smith ______ morning exercises every day?
3. Allan will go back to England by plane next month. (就划线部分提问)
________ _______ Allan go back to England next month?
4. There are some apples on the table. (改为否定句)
There _______ _______ apples on the table.
5. When she sees you, she will tell you the news(就划线部分提问)
_______ ______ she tell you the news?
6. Uncle Wang likes making things. (改写为否定句)
Uncle Wang _______ _______ making things.
7. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Ann _______ the book to the library yesterday?
8. Our city is very beautiful. (改为感叹句)
_______ _______ our city is!
9. He has worked in this school for five years. (就划线部分提问)
_______ _______ has he worked in this school?
10. Both of them are my best friends. (改为否定句)
_______ of them _______ my best friend.
11. They are happy to see each other. (改为感叹句)
_______ ______ they are to see each other!
12. The exam begins at nine. (改为一般疑问句)
________ the exam _______ at nine?
13. He was playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon. (就划线部分提问)
______ ______ he ______ at four yesterday afternoon?
14. He had nothing for breakfast. (改为反意疑问句)
He had nothing for breakfast ______ _______?
15. She doesn’t think I can surf on the Internet. (改反意疑问句)
She doesn’t think I can surf on the Internet, _______ _______?
16. He’s put the tree in the hole? (改为一般疑问句)
______ he ______ the tree in the hole?
17. How useful the book is! (改为陈述句)
It is ______ ______ useful book.
18. The population of Australia is about 19,500,000. (就划线部分提问)
_______ ______ population of Australia?
19. The meeting will start in ten minutes. (就划线部分提问)
_______ ______ will the meeting start?
20. Don’t tell him to come to my office. (改为肯定的祈使句)
______ ______ to come to my office.
三. 句子翻译:根据所给汉语完成英语句子，每空一词。
1. 我母亲通常在星期日打扫卫生，洗衣服。
My mother usually _________ some cleaning and __________ on Sundays.
2. 在今晚的聚会上我们肯定会玩得痛快。
We’re __________ to have __________ at the party this evening.
3. 你看明天有可能结束这项工作吗?
Do you think _________ ________to finish the work tomorrow?
4. 你怎样与你的邻居相处好?
________can you get on well ________ your neighbours?
5. 西安的新变化使参观者们感到惊奇。
The _________ are __________ at the new
changes in Xi’an.
6. 天冷了，请穿上暖和的衣服。
It’s cold. Please _______ _______ warm clothes.
7. 爱迪生在小时候就对科学感兴趣。
Edison _______ _______ _______ science even when he was a small boy.
8. 尽管他失败了很多次，但他没有灰心。
Even though he had failed many times, he
didn’t _______ ________.
9. 无论发生什么事情，我都会和你在一起。
___________happens, I’ll be with you.
10.楼上的噪音害得我整晚无法入睡。
The noises upstairs made me not able to _______ _______all night.
[练习答案]
一. 1.C 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.A
13.A 14.A 15.D 16.B 17.B 18.C 19.D 20.C
二. 1. didn’t buy 2.Does; do 3.How will 4.aren’t any
5.When will 6.doesn’t like 7.Did;her;
is 11.How happy 12.Does; begin 13.What was; doing 14.did he 15. does she
16.Has; put 17.such a 18.What’s the 19.How soon 29.Tell him
三. 1. does; washing 2. sure; fun 3. it/ it’s possible
4. How; with 5. visitors; amazed/ surprised 6.put on 7. was interested in 8.
lose heart 9. Whatever 10. fall asleep
