摘要： 选择疑问句: 选择疑问句是说话者提出两种或两种以上的不同情况.让对方选择回答的疑问句.其结构是“疑问句+选择部分 .选择部分由or连接.or前面的部分读升调.or后面的部分读降调. 选择疑问句不能用yes或no回答.而必须具体的选择答复. Is your bag yellow or black? It’s black.. Would you like some tea or coffee? Either will do.. Which do you like better, singing or dancing? I like dancing better. 4. 反意疑问句: 反意疑问句是指在陈述句之后附加一个意思与之相反的简短问句.问对方是否赞同的疑问句.附加问句的否定式必须缩写. (1)肯定的陈述句后跟否定的附加问句.否定的陈述句后跟肯定的附加问句. I am your teacher, aren’t I? He didn’t study hard, did he? (2)如果陈述句中含有否定副词never.hardly或其他表示否定代词或形容词.如nothing, none no one, nobody, neither, few, little等.则附加问句只能用肯定式.如: They hardly write to each other, do they? He has found nothing, has he? Few people knew the secret, did they? (3)当反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定附加问句 时.英语与汉语的回答习惯存在差异.英语回答时只看实际情况.若答语的具体内容是肯定的就用“Yes+肯定结构 .答语的具体内容是否定的就用“No+否定结构 .而译成汉语时.则必须把yes译“不是 .把no译成“是的 . ---You won’t be away for long, will you? 你不会离开太久.是吗? ---Yes, I will.不.我会离开很久. ---No, I won’t.是的.我不会离开很久. ---I don’t think she’ll come by bike, will she? 我认为她不会骑自行车.会吗? ---Yes, she will.不.她会骑自行车来. ---No, she won’t.是的.她不会骑自行车来. 四. 由what, how引导的感叹句的构成形式.用法及区别 感叹句是表示喜.怒.哀.乐以及惊异等感情的句子.句末用感叹号“! .读时用降调.感叹句往往由what或how引导.what修饰名词.how修饰形容词.副词或动词. 1. what引导的感叹句: (1)what + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+陈述句 What a beautiful city it is! What an interesting story she told! (2)what+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+陈述句 What expensive watches they are! What terrible weather it is! 2．How引导的感叹句: (1)How+形容词/副词+陈述句 How cold it is! How hard he works! (2)How+陈述句 How he loves his son! How I miss you! (3)How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+陈述句 How tall a tree it is! (4)上述两种感叹句可以互相转换.例如: What a clever boy he is!→How clever the boy is! What a cold day it is!→How cold it is! [实例解析] 1. (2004年上海徐汇区中考试题) useful computer it is! A. What B. What a C. What an D. How 答案:B.该题考查的是感叹句的结构.这个感叹句的中心词是一单数可数名词computer, 所以要用what来修饰.又因为useful第一个发音是辅音.what之后的不定冠词用a,而不用an. 2. --- is it from Jiaxing to Hangzhou? ---I’m not sure, but it takes about ninety minutes to get there by bus. A. How many B. How often C. How much D. How far 答案:D.该题考查的是特殊疑问句疑问词的选择.问话者是在问距离.所以应用how far来提问. 3. --- will it take us to get there by bus? ---About two hours. A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How quick 答案:C.该题考查的是特殊疑问句疑问词的选择.问话者是在问时间.所以应用how long来提问. 4. ---Help! There is a snake near the house. --- afraid. It will go away later. A. Don’t B. Not C. Don’t be D. Be 答案:C.该题考查的是祈使句的结构.祈使句的否定结构是:“Don’t+动词原形+其他成分 符合这一要求的只有C. [中考演练] 一. 单项填空 1. ---Excuse me, is the nearest bookshop? ---Go down the street and turn left at the second corner. A. how B. what C. where D. who 2. --- is it from our school to the Bell Tower? ---About half an hour’s bus ride. Shall we go and visit it? A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much 3. ---Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, ? ---No. She got up too late. A. had she B. hadn’t she C. did she D. didn’t she 4. ---The room is so dirty. we clean it? ---Of course. A. Will B. Would C. Do D. Shall 5. --- , sir? ---Size 41, I think A. What size do you need B. What can I do for you C. How do you like this shirt D. What’s the matter with you 6. --- good weather! Why not go out for a walk? A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 7. ---It’s a nice car. have you been in it? ---Just to Shanghai. A. How much B. How long C. How soon D. How far 8. --- to the United States? ---No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago. A. Have you been B. Have you gone C. Did you go D. Will you go 9. --- were you away from school last year? ---About two weeks. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. When 10. --- do you want? ---I want a CD of popular songs. A. Which CD B. How many CDs C. What CD D. How much 11. is your mother, a teacher or a doctor? A. What B. Which C. Who D. whose 12. --- is your mother today, Jim? ---She is much better. A. How B. What C. Where D. How old 13. --- he at this school last term? ---Yes, I think so. A. Did-study B. Does-study C. Was-study D. Did-studied 14. --- did you begin to learn English? ---Three years ago. A. When B. Why C. Where D. What 15. --- do you write to your pen-friend? ---Once a week. A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often 16. nice flowers! Where did you pick them? A. How B. What C. What a D. How a 17. The sick man’s allowed to take a walk in the garden every day, ? A. is he B. isn’t he C. has he D. hasn’t he 18. cross the road before the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won’t C. Don’t D. Doesn’t 19. He found nothing in the room, ? A. doesn’t he B. does he C. didn’t he D. did he 20. You haven’t changed your mind, ? A. do you B. are you C. have you D. did you 二. 句型转换 1. Bruce bought a dictionary yesterday. Bruce a dictionary yesterday. 2. Mr. Smith does morning exercises every day. Mr. Smith morning exercises every day? 3. Allan will go back to England by plane next month. Allan go back to England next month? 4. There are some apples on the table. There apples on the table. 5. When she sees you, she will tell you the news she tell you the news? 6. Uncle Wang likes making things. Uncle Wang making things. 7. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. Ann the book to the library yesterday? 8. Our city is very beautiful. our city is! 9. He has worked in this school for five years. has he worked in this school? 10. Both of them are my best friends. of them my best friend. 11. They are happy to see each other. they are to see each other! 12. The exam begins at nine. the exam at nine? 13. He was playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon. he at four yesterday afternoon? 14. He had nothing for breakfast. He had nothing for breakfast ? 15. She doesn’t think I can surf on the Internet. She doesn’t think I can surf on the Internet, ? 16. He’s put the tree in the hole? he the tree in the hole? 17. How useful the book is! It is useful book. 18. The population of Australia is about 19,500,000. population of Australia? 19. The meeting will start in ten minutes. will the meeting start? 20. Don’t tell him to come to my office. to come to my office. 三. 句子翻译:根据所给汉语完成英语句子.每空一词. 1. 我母亲通常在星期日打扫卫生.洗衣服. My mother usually some cleaning and on Sundays. 2. 在今晚的聚会上我们肯定会玩得痛快. We’re to have at the party this evening. 3. 你看明天有可能结束这项工作吗? Do you think to finish the work tomorrow? 4. 你怎样与你的邻居相处好? can you get on well your neighbours? 5. 西安的新变化使参观者们感到惊奇. The are at the new changes in Xi’an. 6. 天冷了.请穿上暖和的衣服. It’s cold. Please warm clothes. 7. 爱迪生在小时候就对科学感兴趣. Edison science even when he was a small boy. 8. 尽管他失败了很多次.但他没有灰心. Even though he had failed many times, he didn’t . 9. 无论发生什么事情.我都会和你在一起. happens, I’ll be with you. 10.楼上的噪音害得我整晚无法入睡. The noises upstairs made me not able to all night. [练习答案] 一. 1.C 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.A 13.A 14.A 15.D 16.B 17.B 18.C 19.D 20.C 二. 1. didn’t buy 2.Does; do 3.How will 4.aren’t any 5.When will 6.doesn’t like 7.Did;her; is 11.How happy 12.Does; begin 13.What was; doing 14.did he 15. does she 16.Has; put 17.such a 18.What’s the 19.How soon 29.Tell him 三. 1. does; washing 2. sure; fun 3. it/ it’s possible 4. How; with 5. visitors; amazed/ surprised 6.put on 7. was interested in 8. lose heart 9. Whatever 10. fall asleep

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