Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way, children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught--- to walk , run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle --- compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, let alone(更不用说) correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.

    If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine(常规的) work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let’s end all this nonsense of grades, exams and marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn: how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.

    Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible(合情理的) to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense(无意义的) in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, “But suppose they fail to learn something essential(基本的), something they will need to get on in the world?” Don’t worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learnt it.

What does the writer think is the best way for children to think?

By listening to their parents’ instructions. 

By asking a great many questions.

By making mistakes and having them corrected. 

By copying what other people do.

What does the writer think teachers should not do?

A. Give children correct answers.        

B. Point out children’s mistakes to them.

C. Allow children to mark their own work.    

D. Encourage children to copy one another.

According to the passage, learning to speak and learning to ride a bike are _____.

A. the most important skills                  B. the basic skills children should master

C. almost the same as learning other skills     D. much different from learning other skills.

The writer thinks that children’s progress should only be estimated(评估) by ______.

A. the children themselves                B. their parents

    C. their teachers                         D. education authorities(权威)

The writer is afraid that children will grow up into adults who are ______.

A. too selfish                            B. too independent

C. dependent and unable to use basic skills    D. able to think for themselves

Let children learn to judge their own. A child who learns to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Little by little, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s, in the same way, children learn to do all the other things without being taught—to walk, run, climb, ride a bicycle—compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not. If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time in doing such work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.   

1.According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things is ___  

2.According to the writer, teachers in school should ___

3.Which of the following does the writer think teachers should not do?

4.The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are ___.

Shaping a child is like shaping clay（粘土）— you have to start from the beginning and work your way to the end with extreme caution but with gentle and loving   16 . However, unlike clay, you don’t get a second   17  with a child. You can put all the clay back together and start again but with a child, what is done is done.   18  it’s even more caution with care.

Building a child’s esteem is no small play; it makes your black hair   19 , steals away years of your life and still will not look done. Therefore you have to learn how to build self-esteem and   20  your child from the beginning. After all, parenting begins from babyhood.

Small case could leave large   21  on your child’s mind. Reason why you should not overlook something that went wrong. If another child   22  your kid, everyone laughed and you told your son to   23  it, that’s the first wrong step. You have to teach your child to   24  up for himself. Don’t let your child fall down inside. Tell him to ask the child why he is hitting him or   25  to the nearest adult he can reach.

Most of all before you speak to a child you have to be a   26  example. If you go around laughing at people, your kids will do the   27 . If you are a coward（懦夫）yourself and do not stand up to situations, do not   28  your child not to follow you. Children are like monkeys—they copy every   29 , from how you eat to how you handle situations.

Building self-esteem begins at home. Small self-confident acts make a(n)   30  impact on your child.

1.                A．heads          B．hands          C．tools D．knives

2.                A．test            B．grade          C．class D．chance

3.                A．Thus           B．But            C．Or   D．Although

4.                A．lost            B．gray           C．weak D．curl

5.                A．interest        B．direct          C．order    D．encourage

6.                A．impact         B．lesson          C．mark D．space

7.                A．laughed        B．pushed         C．pulled    D．drew

8.                A．make          B．leave           C．forget    D．move

9.                A．stand          B．turn           C．take D．set

10.               A．announce       B．manage        C．leave D．complain

11.               A．caring          B．living          C．touching   D．breathing

12.               A．different       B．meaningful      C．same D．useless

13.               A．expect         B．hope          C．allow D．persuade

14.               A．homework      B．step           C．picture    D．action

15.               A．negative        B．objective       C．positive   D．subjective

Don’t drive your kids to school. Let them ride a bike to school.

   In England 8.3 million children travel to school every day. It is reported that only a small number of pupils cycle to school (under 2%), although one in three children would actually like to.

   Experts say that to stay healthy, children need at least one hour of moderate (适度的) exercise every day. But only six out of ten boys and four out of ten girls get that. One of the reasons is that parents have developed a habit of driving their children to school when they could just walk or ride a bike to school.

   Teachers often say that children who walk or ride a bike to school are more ready to listen to their classes, ask and answer questions in class than those driven by car, and the school journey is a good chance for children to learn about road safety and other life skills. Also, for many children, riding a bike is more fun than going to school by car.

   Most parents know the benefits (益处). Then what’s stopping them from letting their kids ride a bike? Safety is the number one worry for them. But actually riding a bike is not as dangerous as parents think it is.

   When you decide to buy a bike, you should be aware（意识到） that a bike that is too big or too small is dangerous. Don’t try to get a bike that your child will “grow into”. Get the right size in good working order. Generally, 20-inch wheels are on bikes for 5-8 year olds; 24-inch wheels are for 9-11 year olds; 26-inch wheels are suitable for those over 11, and some older children should even take bikes with 28-inch wheels, but the main thing is that the bike fits your child.

1.This passage is mainly written for ________.

A. teachers whose students have asked their parents to drive them to school

B. children who have asked their parents to drive them to school

C. parents who drive their children to school

D. parents who drive to work

2.Which of the following benefits of cycling to school is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. It will help children keep healthy

B.  It will make children more active in class.

C. It will make children feel freer

D.  It will be more fun for children.

3.Parents don’t allow their children to ride a bike to school mainly because ________.

A. their children don’t want to.

B. they are worried about their children’s safety.

C. they don’t know what size bike to choose

D. They haven’t enough money to buy a bike.

4.Generally, what size bike is suitable for a 10-year-old child？

A. A bike with 20-inch wheels    B. A bike with 24-inch wheels

C. A bike with 26-inch           D. A bike with 28-inch wheels