Understanding Disabilities

There are around 650 million people in the world that have disabilities，yet most people are still quite ignorant about it.

（1）What do you think of when you see the word, ‘disability’？

Wheelchairs? White sticks? The Paralympics? 【1】 The legal definition of disability is that someone has a physical or mental impairment that has a great and longterm bad effect on his or her ability to carry out normal daytoday activities.

This affects about 650 million of us, worldwide. 【2】 Most become disabled during the course of their life. So maybe the term TAB (Temporarily AbleBodied) is better for people who are not disabled，because we may not stay that way forever.

（2）【3】

Imagine not being able to see，or not being able to walk. Think of all the things that would be different. How can I get my education? What about my future? Would my friends still want to hang out with me? Will strangers laugh at me in the street? Can I get my own place? What job can I do?

Clearly，having a disability can affect many things in a person's life.

（3）Disability and the law

【4】 It is illegal and extremely unpleasant to discriminate (歧视) against someone who is differently abled. The label ‘disabled’ is not always helpful. Even if someone meets the legal definition，they may not see themselves that way. Instead of thinking about what is wrong with those people，or noticing what they can't do，we should look at how we like to live，and try to make it possible for everyone to join in.

After all—what is normal？【5】 But better understanding would be a start.

A． How can the disabled find better jobs?

B． How does disability affect people?

C． People with disabilities don't need pity.

D． Most of us have never really thought about it.

E． We should consider more for people with disabilities.

F． Only 17% of people with a disability are born with it.

G．There are laws to prevent people with disabilities being treated unfairly.

Make a list. Write down all the reasons why you want to stop a certain behavior, how it’s hurting you and why to get rid of it, this will help a lot. Look at that list regularly.

Join in other activities. It’s wise of you to do something else when you want to stop your bad habit. If you get angry easily, for example, you can practice having a deep breath or going for a walk.

Give yourself a present. Before you take action against a bad habit, decide what you’ll do to celebrate it if you reach your goal.

Keep off bad habits. If you are fat and want to lose weight, keep junk food out of your house. If you are a heavy smoker with coffee, turn to tea and keep away from friends who like smoking.

Be patient. Bad habits develop over years, so you probably won’t be able to get rid of them quickly. In fact, people often give up several times before being successful, so you should be patient.

Find support. Don’t be afraid to ask for support from friends, family or other people who have the same bad habits as you. When you talk to others, they might be able to provide advice or encouragement that you usually wouldn’t get from yourself.

【1】The writer gives us pieces of advice in the passage.

A. four B. five

C. six D. seven

【2】If you want to lose weight, you should .

A. drink more coffee

B. refuse the junk food

C. find support from friends

D. find a heavy smoker

【3】Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A. It’s not easy to get rid of bad habits in a short time.

B. You can write down all the reasons for getting rid of bad habits.

C. When talking to others, you can get what you can’t get from yourself.

D. When you want to stop your bad habits, don’t do anything.

【4】From the passage you can learn .

A. how to get rid of bad habits

B. why we have some bad habits

C. what to do to have a bed habit

D. where to find some support

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

China launched out two astronauts into space on Monday. Their launch marks the begin of China's longest human space flight yet.

A carrier rocket sent the Shenzhou-11 spacecraft with astronaut Chen Dong and Jing Haipeng into space. The rocket was firing from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the Gobi desert. Chen is 37 years old. This is their first time in space. But Jing had done this before — it is his third space flight. He will turn 50 years old while orbits the Earth. “Their trip is a good start” —that is why Morris Jones told VOA. Jones is independent space expert from Australian.

1.开设目的：缓解压力，确保健康。

2.校刊优势：专业的心理指导 。

3.校刊内容：专业的建议，学生的心声, 你的感想。

注意：1.字数100 左右。

2.开头已给，不计入总数。

Our school has set up a school magazine called “Xinghai Stones” for us students.

Thespeaker then led the group to the room full of balloons and asked them to find the balloon that had their name【5】(write) on within five minutes.Everyone was【6】(hurry) searching for their name, bumping into each other, pushing each other around. It was chaos. At the end of the five minutes no one could findtheir own balloon.

Noweach person was asked to randomly collect【7】balloon and give it to the person whose name was on it. Within two minutes everyonehad their own balloon. When everyone quieted down, the speaker began to talk, saying that this is exactly【8】was happening in ourlives.

We may like to think of 【9】 (us) more important than others, but ourhappiness sometimes lies in the happiness of other people. Give them their happiness【10】 you will get yourown happiness.

The 37-year-old Carnegie Mellon University professor has spent years developing snake-like robots he hopes will eventually slide through fallen buildings in search of victims trapped after natural disasters or other emergencies.

Dan Kara is president of Robotics Trends, a Northboro, mass-based company that publishes an online industry magazine and runs robotics trade shows. He said there are other snake-like robots being developed, mainly at universities, but didn't know of one that could climb pipes.

The Carnegie Mellon machines are designed to carry cameras and electronic sensors and can be controlled with a joystick (操纵杆). They move smoothly with the help of small electric motors, or servos, commonly used by hobbyists in model airplanes.

Built from lightweight materials, the robots are about the size of a human arm or smaller. They can sense which way is up, but are only as good as their human operators, Choset added.

Sam Stover, a search term manager with the Federal Emergency Management Agency based in Indiana, said snake-type robots would offer greater mobility than equipment currently available, such as cameras attached to extendable roles.

"It just allows us to do something we've not been able to do before," Stover said, "We needed them yesterday."

He said sniffer dogs are still the best search tool for rescue workers, but that they can only be used effectively when workers have access to damaged building.

Stover, among the rescue workers who handled the aftermath (后果) of Hurricane Katrina, said snake robots would have helped rescuers search flooded houses in that disaster.

Choset said the robots may not be ready for use for another five to ten years, depending on funding.

【1】Which institution is responsible for the development of Choset's robots?

A. Robotics Trends. B. Pittsburgh City Council.

C. Carnegie Mellon University. D. Federal Emergency Management Agency.

【2】Choset believes that his invention _________.

A. can be attached to an electronic arm

B. can be used by hobbyists in model airplanes

C. can find victims more quickly than a sniffer dog

D. can sense its way as well as its operators

【3】By saying "We needed them yesterday" (paragraph 7), Stover means that snake-like robots ________.

A. could help handle the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina

B. should have been put to use in past rescue work

C. helped rescuers search flooded houses yesterday

D. were in greater need yesterday than today

【4】What is the text mainly about?

A. Snake-like robots used in industries.

B. Snake-like robots made to aid in rescues.

C. The development of snake-like robots.

D. The working principles of snake-like robots.

【1】I have never doubted about her ______(能力).

【2】He wrote down my ______(地址), so that he might remember it.

【3】He is ______(瞎的) in one eye.

【4】You have your ______(选择) between die two.

【5】He heard someone come in, so he ______(躲藏) himself behind the curtain.

【6】The plane flew at a ______(高度) of 3000 meters.

【7】Let’s just relax and enjoy ______(我们自己).

【8】This painting has been given to its ______(主人)

【9】The students often ______(野餐) at the park.

【10】I will answer for her ______(安全).

1. 可以帮助我们更好地了解外面的世界，开阔我们的视野；

2. 课后可以和老师在线交流，及时解决课堂上不明白的问题；

3. 网络上有很多不良信息，比如暴力、色情等，给学生造成不好的影响；

4. 很多学生沉迷于网络，影响了学习；

5. 长时间上网影响视力和健康。

注意：

1. 短文必须包括所有的内容要点，但不得逐句翻译；

2. 词数：120左右。

参考词汇：开阔视野broaden one’s horizons 暴力violence 色情porn 沉迷 get addicted to

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Tribal (部落的) India

Attractions: Myths and Mountains

Length: 17 days

Details: For the travelers who has already visited the best-known India sites, this new trip visits a relatively unexplored state in central India ruled by the Vindhyachal Range and known for its wildlife, waterfalls, ancient sites and tribal culture.

Departure Time(出发时间): Feb. 17

Price: $7,530

Information: 800-670-6984; myths.com

Across Patagonia: From the Andes to the Ocean

Attractions: Boundless Journeys

Length: 8 days

Details: The newest route across Patagonia starts high in the Argentine Andes and follows the Futaleufu River into Chile all the way to the Pacific Ocean. Travelers start by trekking along the river, changing to rafts before taking up kayaks for the final leg.

Departure Time: March 5

Price: $2,995

Information: 800-941-8010; boundless.com

Sahara

Attractions: International Expeditions

Length: 18 days

Details: Remember the movie Ishtar? Now you, too, can spend days wandering in the desert, just like Warren Beatty and Dustin Hoffman. Designed for rugged travelers, the camping expedition crosses 1,500 miles of Niger’s Sahara in four-wheel-drive vehicles.

Departure Time: Nov. 17

Price: $3,998

Information: 800-633-4734; ietravel.com

Dalmatian Coast Biking

Attractions: Backroads

Length: 7 days

Details: The company’s first foray into Croatia follows scenic roadways across four islands between Dubrovnik and Split.

Departure Time: May 7

Price: $2,298

Information: 800-462-2848; backroads.com

【1】The passage is mainly about _______.

A. suggestions on the adventure trips in America in 2008

B. the guide to several adventure trips around the world

C. the attractions in India

D. the prices of four most exciting adventure trips next year

【2】A trip across Patagonia starts _______.

A. on Feb. 17 B. on March 5

C. on Nov. 17 D. in January

【3】Which trip costs the least?

A. Tribal India. B. Crossing Patagonia.

C. Sahara. D. Dalmatian Coast Biking.

【1】To our s__________, great changes have taken place in Shantou after the campaign of building a civilized city.

【2】Tony gave Claire e___________ to help her overcome a sense of failure.

【3】One of his a_________ is to become a pilot.

【4】Early to bed and early to rise is b_________ to our health.

【5】Isaac Asimov showed his t_________ for science fiction writing at an early age.