【1】 We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning. We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers. 【2】 It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor.

Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. 【3】

【4】 The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.

【5】 A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as a fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.

A. Typically, the original message has changed.

B. Finally everybody gets the meaning.

C. Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem.

D. Knowledge is passed down from generation to generation.

E. That’s what happens in daily life.

F. This process is also found among scholars and authors.

G. We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively.

A. annoying; annoyed with B. annoying; annoyed at

C. annoyed; annoyed at; D. annoyed; annoyed with

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线〔\〕划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Yesterday our club held an English speech contest, which theme was “Challenge Myself”. A large number of students attended to the contest and showed their wonderful performances. In the stage, though face great pressure, the speakers bravely overcame it and challenged them to achieve great success. Moreover, they impressed us deep with their unusual confidences and performances.

Through such activity, we know a lot more about our students but we have gained much, such as self-confidence and bravery. Besides, our club was growing stronger.

A. to solve; being talked about B. solving; talking about

C. to solve; to talk about D. solving; being talked about

But last week, Alex, an African parrot, died, obviously of natural causes, said Dr Irene Pepperberg, an expert at Brandeis University and Harvard who studied and worked with the parrot for most of its life and published reports of his progress in scientific journals. The parrot was 31.

Scientists have long debated whether any other species can develop the ability to learn human language. Alex’s language ability was, in some ways, more surprising than the efforts of those animals that have been taught, like Koko, the gorilla (猩猩) trained by Penny Patterson at the Gorilla Foundation in Woodside, or Washoe, another gorilla studied by R. Allen and Beatrice Gardner at the University of Nevada in the 1960s and 1970s.

When Dr Pepperberg, who was then a doctoral student in chemistry at Harvard, found Alex was good at remembering words in a pet store in 1977 and bought it, scientists had little expectation that birds could learn to communicate with humans. Most of the research had been done on pigeons, and was not promising.

But by using novel methods of teaching, Dr Pepperberg taught Alex to learn about 150 words, which he could put into categories. He could count small numbers and tell colors and shapes. “The work changed the way we think of bird brains,” said Diana Reiss, a psychologist at Hunter College who works with dolphins and elephants. “We used to look down upon those birds, but now we look at those brains — at least Alex’s — with some awe.”

【1】Alex is very famous because ________.

A. it died of a strange disease

B. it lived longer than any other parrot

C. it hosted many famous TV shows

D. it has a special talent in learning human language

【2】What was the direct reason why Dr Pepperberg bought Alex?

A. He found it was good at remembering words.

B. He liked its colors and shapes.

C. He wanted to do research on birds.

D. Diana Reiss asked him to do that.

【3】What does the underlined word “novel” mean in the last paragraph?

A. Special. B. New.

C. Great. D. Unique.

【4】According to the last paragraph, we can learn that ________.

A. people used to think dolphins were the cleverest

B. Alex’s ability of learning human language has changed some researchers’ ideas about birds

C. elephants are better at learning human language

D. birds’ great ability in learning human language has already been noticed before

【5】What would be the best title for this passage?

A. Who are cleverer, birds or gorillas?

B. A famous talking bird died

C. Have you ever talked with a bird?

D. The keeper of a famous bird

Facebook CEO Zuckerberg just had a baby girl named Max, and to honor the occasion, he’s giving away the majority of his wealth．In the letter 【1】 (write) by Zuckerberg and his wife, Priscilla Chan, to 【2】 (they) new baby girl, he announced the birth of his first child and the 【3】 (create) of the Chan Zuckerberg Fund, 【4】 will focus on curing disease, connecting people and 【5】 (build) strong communities．

“For your generation to live in 【6】 better world, there is so much more our generation can do,” Zuckerberg wrote．“Today your mother and I are committing to spend our lives doing our small part to help solve these challenges．” The couple 【7】 (donate) nearly all of their Facebook stock to the cause．“We will give 99% of our Facebook shares － currently about $45 billion － to advance this 【8】 (value) mission,” he wrote．“We know this is a small contribution compared 【9】 all the resources and talents already working on these issues．But we want to do 【10】 we can, working along with many others．

【1】Comparing with the two tools, we find this is the h_________(方便的) of them.

【2】The basketball player is so skillful that he throws the ball _________(准确地).

【3】He is such a punctual person in our office that he always arrives p_________ at eight o’clock every day.

【4】The drunk driving driver accused of v________(违反) traffic regulations will be punished.

【5】I think it’s high time we s________(寻找) new ways of expanding our membership.

【6】The scientist is dedicated to the _______ (探测) of space to find the new material for the mankind

【7】Conditions p________(允许), the family will apply for permanent residence shortly after they enter the country.

【8】Perhaps, __________(无意识地), I’ve done something to offend him. I feel sorry about it.

【9】To rescue the trapped boy in the car, the firefighters broken into the car by s_______(分离) the car’s windows.

【10】To his delight, he was chosen from hundreds of ________ (apply) to attend the opening ceremony.

1. 竞赛内容：关于“未来生活”的演讲

2. 时间和地点：下周三上午8：30-12：00；报告厅

3. 选手：每班一名参赛选手

4. 评委：国际部英语教师

5. 要求：欢迎参与,积极交流

注意：

1. 词数：100左右；

2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Notice

We are glad to inform you that_____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

It sets me【8】(think). Around us there is always a person giving us support in silence just like【9】old umbrella that protects us from the rain or any wretched weather. Will you think of those individuals【10】have helped you get through difficulty when you are leading a comfortable life?

I am a android. My owner is an eight-year-old boy. 【1】

His mother buys me from a store last month and 【2】

gave me to him for a birthday present. He likes me 【3】

very much, so I can do a lot of things. For example, 【4】

I can tell him stories and helps him with his homework. 【5】

When he feels alone, I play with him. However, 【6】

there was a problem now. He has become lazy. 【7】

He likes asking me questions instead thinking by himself. 【8】

I’m really worried about that. I do think he should 【9】

learn how to solve the problem on his own. Only in this way 【10】

will he really master what he has learnt.