【题目】—Bob, are you free at the moment? I have to ask you some questions.

— __________.

A. It's a pleasure B. Ask, please

C. Help yourself D. Yes, go ahead.

【题目】—Are you used to __________ in the north with the old couples?

—Yes, I am glad to find out that coal is used __________ electricity for home use.

A. live; to produce B. living; to produce

C. to live; produce D. living; producing

【题目】B

Global warming will significantly increase the frequency of lightning strikes, according to a US research.

The research, published in Science, was carried out with the help of data from a US network of lightning detectors. The teams says they have calculated how much each extra degree in temperature will raise the frequency of lightning. "For every two lightning strikes in 2000, there will be three lightning strikes in 2100," said David Romps, at the University of California, Berkeley.

As well as triggering more wild fires, he said, this would alter the chemistry of the atmosphere.

The team's work reveals a new method of working out the relationship between temperature and lightning storms, by estimating the heat energy available to "fuel" storm clouds. "As the planet warms, there will be more of this fuel around, so when thunderstorms get triggered, they will be more energetic," said Prof Romps.

He and his colleagues calculated that every 1℃ rise in global temperature would lead to an increase in the frequency of lightning strikes by 12%.

They validated their calculations against a year of data from the US National Lightning Detector Network, which detects an electromagnetic pulse every time lightning strikes in the US. "The resulting data is exquisite," said Dr Romps. "The position and time of every lightning strike is very accurately recorded."

As well as triggering half of the wildfires in the US, each lightning strike— a powerful electrical discharge— sparks a chemical reaction that produces a "puff" of greenhouse gases called nitrogen oxides." Lightning is the

dominant source of nitrogen oxides in the middle and upper troposphere（对流层）," said Prof Romps.

And by controlling this gas, it indirectly regulates other greenhouse gases including ozone and methane. Prof Romps said that this was an example of a large response to "what sounds like only a few degrees of warming".

A scientist at the UK Met Office said it was important to understand future lightning patterns, but cautioned that there were still uncertainties in the researchers' model that needed to be tested further. The Met Office added that the application of this forecast to other parts of the world could be limited by the fact that rainfall patterns were very uncertain in many regions.

【1】The best title for the passage should be .

A. Global warming causes more wildfires

B. A new research on the effects of global warming

C. Climate change will make lightning strike more

D. The relationship between temperature and lightning

【2】According to Prof. Romps, .

A. it remains to be seen whether the lightning will trigger wildfires

B. the research is working out the causes of the wildfires

C. they detected an electromagnetic pulse every time lightning strikes in the US

D. lightning plays a major role in creating nitrogen oxides in the middle and upper troposphere

【3】What did the UK Met Office think of the result of the research?

A. The researchers’ model was not convincing enough.

B. The rainfall patterns stayed stable in many areas over a long time.

C. The result wouldn’t be applied to other parts/span> of the world.

D. No research would be needed to make sure of the result.

【题目】D

That evening Holmes and I drove across the moor until we could see the lights of the Stapletons' house in front of us. Then we got out and began to walk very quietly along the path towards the house. When we were very close, Holmes told me to stop. He took his revolver from his pocket, and I did the same.

'We shall hide behind these rocks, ' he whispered. ' Watson, you know the house, so I want you to go forward and look through the windows. I want to know where the Staple tons and Sir Henry are, and what they are doing. Take great care, because they must not know that somebody is watching them. '

Very carefully and quietly I moved towards the house. I looked first into the dining room window. Statleton and Sir Henry were sitting and smoking their cigars, but there was no sign of Miss Stapleton. I moved round to the other windows, but I could not see her in any of the rooms.

I went back to the dining room window, and as I looked in again, Stapleton left the room and came out of the house. He went to a hut beside the house, and unlocked the door. I heard a strange sound coming from the hut, but I could not think what was making the noise. Then Stapleton locked the door, and went back into the house and into the dining room.

I went back to Holmes and told him what I had seen. He wanted to know where Miss Stapleton was, and I had to tell him twice that there was no sign of her in the house.

The moon was shining on the Great Grimpen Marsh, and a fog was rising from it Holmes watched the fog and began to look worried The fog was creeping up from the marsh towards the house. We were hidden near the path, which was on the far side of the house from the marsh.

'The fog is moving towards us, Watson, and that is very serious, ' said Holmes. ' It is the one thing that could make my plans go wrong. '

As we watched, the fog, which had crept as far as the house, began to flow round it. Angrily Holmes hit the rock in front of us with his open hand.

'If Sir Henry doesn't come out in the next quarter of an hour, the path will be covered by the fog. In half an hour we shall not be able to see our hands in front of our faces. We must move back to higher ground above the fog.'

We moved away from the house and out of the fog, which was creeping slowly along the ground and hiding the path from our view.

'We must not go too far, ' said Holmes. 'If we do, Sir Henry may be caught before he reaches us. '

Holmes went down on one knee, and put his ear to the ground. ' Thank heaven, I think I hear him coming. '

Then we heard quick footsteps on the path. After a few moments, Sir Henry appeared out of the fog and walked on in the clear moon light. He came quickly along the path, passed close to where we were hidden, and began to walk up the hill behind us. As he walked, he looked over his shoulder again and again, like a man who is worried that something is following him.

'Listen! ' said Holmes sharply. 'Look out! It's coming!'

I heard him make his revolver ready to fire, and I did the same.

There was a sound of quick, light footsteps from inside the curtain of fog. The thick cloud had crept to within fifty metres of where we were hidden. We tried to see into it, and wondered what horrible thing would appear. I looked at Holmes. His eyes were fixed on the place where the path disappeared into the fog. He was pale, but his eyes were bright. He looked like a man who was going to win the most important game of his life. Then suddenly his eyes nearly jumped out of his head, and his mouth opened in frightened surprise. I looked away from him to see what his eyes were fixed on. When I saw the awful shape that was coming towards us out of the fog, my blood turned cold. The revolver nearly fell from my hands, .

The huge, black, burning hound ran quickly and silently after Sir Henry, who was near to death, and we were helpless with fear.

【1】It can be concluded that Sir Henry .

A. was the master of the hound

B. sensed he was in danger when escaping.

C. was clear where Miss Stapleton was

D. was finally killed by the fierce hound

【2】The strange sound coming from the hut was most probably made by .

A. Mr. Stapleton B. Miss Stapleton

C. Sir Henry D. the hound

【3】Why did Holmes hit the rock angrily?

A. Because Watson failed to find any sign of Miss Stapleton.

B. Because something was wrong with their plans.

C. Because the fog might well ruin their plans.

D. Because Sir Henry hadn’t appeared so far.

【4】Which of the following is the correct order according to the passage?

a. The fog was rising and moving towards Holmes and Watson.

b. Holmes saw a burning hound coming.

c. Mr. Stapleton went to a hut beside the house and unlocked the door.

d. Holmes and Watson hid behind the rocks.

e. Sir Henry appeared out of the fog.

A. a, d, c, b, e B. d, c, a, e, b

C. c, b, e, a, d D. d, c, e, a, b

【5】Which of the following is the most suitable for the blank in the last paragraph but one?

A. and I could hardly stand it

B. and I was ready to fire

C. and inside I was filled with anger

D. and my whole body froze with fear

【题目】With great pain, the wounded soldier __________ to his feet and went on fighting.

A. expanded B. supported

C. equipped D. struggled

【题目】C

When people reunite with their loved ones, it’s usually a wildly happy moment. But what is their most common response to seeing them again? It may seem strange, but most of the time they break down in tears.

Now a group of psychologists from Yale University in the US say they have found the reason why, and that crying tears of joy may well be the body’s way of restoring emotional balance.

“They seem to take place when people are unable to tolerate strong positive emotions, and people who do this seem to recover better from those strong emotions,” Oriana Aragon, the lead researcher, told The Telegraph.

Aragon and her fellow psychologists looked at hundreds of participants’ emotional responses to different things, including happy reunions（重逢）and cute babies.

Many participants said they would react in a negative or aggressive way to the positive things — to cry at happy moments and want to pinch（捏）a cute baby’s face or even tell them“I want to eat you up!”

But then researchers found that these people were able to calm down from strong emotions more quickly.

“We want a happy, middle spot. Extreme is not good. It’s hard on our bodies,” Aragon told The Washington Post.

There are many other examples of times when people respond to a positive experience with a negative emotional reaction.

At an exciting concert, fans scream in horror at their idols. People who have just had a big lottery win are often in floods of tears.

“These findings advance our understanding of how people express and control their emotions, which is importantly related to mental and physical health, the quality of relationship with others, and even how well people work together,” said Aragon.

The psychologists then went further and claimed that the reverse（颠倒）was also true. Strong negative feelings may also bring out positive expressions.

For example, people often laugh when they are nervous or they are in a difficult or frightening situation.

Also, have you ever seen a character smiling at a time of extreme sadness in a movie? Their acting is not over the top, as reacting with this type of expression is just human nature, said researchers.

【1】What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. A group of psychologists. B. People’s loved ones.

C. Strong positive emotions. D. Crying tears of joy.

【2】Which of the following words best describes the language style of the passage?

A. Academic and formal. B. Cheerful and friendly.

C. Humorous and concerned. D. Serious and boring.

【3】We can conclude from the first two paragraphs that .

A. crying in the happy moment can also do good

B. a character’s smile in a movie makes no sense

C. people reveal their emotions by either crying or laughing

D. negative emotional reaction is always harmful

【4】What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To argue that crying is no worse than laughing.

B. To inform readers about the effect of crying and laughing.

C. To entertain readers by relating some happy occasions.

D. To instruct readers how to cry and laugh.

【题目】请阅读下面短文,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。

One day, a poor boy who was selling goods door to door to pay for school was hungry. So he decided to beg for a meal at the next house. A young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal, he asked for a drink of water. However, she brought him a large glass of milk．

Years later the young woman got ill, so her family sent her to hospital in the big city, where specialists can be called in to study her rare disease．Dr Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in for the consultation. When he went in to see her, He recognized her at once. He was determined to do his best to save her life.

After a long struggle, the battle was won. Dr Kelly looked at the bill and wrote something on the side, and then it was sent to her room. She was afraid to open it because she was positive that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off．Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention．She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk.”

[写作内容]

1. 用约30 个单词概括上文的主要内容；

2. 用约120 个单词就“帮助别人就是帮助自己”这一话题发表自己的看法，内容包括：

(1)文中主人公是如何诠释这一道理的；

(2)举例说明这个道理；

(3)如果以后碰到需要帮助的人，你将如何做。

[写作要求]

1. 阐述观点或提供论据时,不能直接引用原文语句;

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;

3. 不必写标题。

[评分标准]

内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。

【题目】Violence is more than a criminal problem. It's also a public health issue.

More than 6,000 people 【1】 (injure) annually due to violence, mostly young people in low-income neighborhoods .Job programs for teens done with school have proven 【2】 ( cost) and seem to do little 【3】 ( reduce) violence.

But summer employment for kids still in school may be effective, according to a study by criminologist Sara Heller at the University of Pennsylvania.

She followed more than 1,600 young people, many of 【4】 took part in a Chicago program called One Summer Plus. It offers 8-week stints at jobs such as camp counselors, community gardeners, or government office workers at minimum wage.

One group of kids worked 25 hours a week, with an adult mentor. Another group worked 15 hours and got 10 hours of social-emotional 【5】 ( educate).

A control group got nothing. 【6】 ( base)on school and police records, Heller found a 43 percent decrease in __【7】 ( violence) crime in the two groups that had jobs. This lasted long after the program ended.

The work 【8】 ( apparent)helps students learn to manage conflict, reduce frustration 【9】 improve self -control.

Heller concludes that intervention programs can be low-cost and effective, “even for 【10】 problem as destructive and complex as youth violence.”

【题目】My Aunt Fannie wasn't really my aunt and, out of fear, I never called her that to her face. I only______to her as "My Aunt Fannie" because the name always made my father laugh and gave my mother cause to look seriously at both of us—at me for being ______ of my elder and at my father for_____my bad behavior. I enjoyed both_____so I looked for every opportunity to work the name into as many conversations as possible.

As a young woman, my mother had worked in the kitchen of a large farmhouse owned by Fannie Cratty and helped Aunt Fanny make the _____ blueberry cobbler jam ever tasted by anyone in Glenfield. She was known for her tasty jam and for never sharing the recipe with another living soul. ____my mother knew the recipe by heart, she never made the jam without Ms. Cratty in our kitchen to direct the process and ____ the secret.

One year, after I had been particularly helpful with the jam process, as a reward, Aunt Fannie gave me a quarter and then made me ____ that I would never spend it. "___ this quarter," she said, "and some day you will be rich. I __ keep my very first quarter given to me by my grandfather." It had obviously worked for her. __ I put the 1938-quarter into a small box, put it away in my dresser drawer, and waited to become rich.

I now have the blueberry cobbler jam recipe and the quarter from Aunt Fannie. In people's eye Aunt Fannie's success owed to that___ recipe. But to me, it was just a common recipe. Neither have contributed to my net worth, but I keep them as ___ to get hold of the valuable things in life. Money can make you feel rich for a while, but it is the relationships and the ____ of time spent with friends and family that truly leave you wealthy. And that is a ___ that anyone can build.

【1】A. responded B. announced C. referred D. reacted

【2】A. disapproved B. tired C. disrespectful D. convinced

【3】A. agreeing B. encouraging C. praising D. criticizing

【4】A. expressions B. reactions C. manners D. emotions

【5】A. most B .first C. best D. least

【6】A. As long as B. Now that C. As if D. Even though

【7】A. find B. preserve C. observe D. steal

【8】A. promise B. recognize C. realize D. accept

【9】A. Accept B. Pass C. Keep D. Sell

【10】A. still B. thus C. merely D. even

【11】A. However B. Somehow C. Therefore D. Besides

【12】A. expensive B. secret C. useful D. valuable

【13】A. warnings B. fortunes C. possessions D. reminders

【14】A. value B. experiences C. memories D. loss

【15】A. secret B. fortune C. relationship D. success

【题目】C

No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are controlling the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic(民主的) society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part of the whole. The individual in a uniform loses all self-worth.

There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a larger, more important concept. What could be more important than the individual himself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existence.

Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in school, gets rid of all envy and competition in a matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good-quality clothing is not to be looked down upon by a wealthy person who wears expensive clothing. Those persons ignore the concepts as freedom of choice, motivation, and individuality. If all persons were to wear the same clothing, why would anyone struggle to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of food. When this happens, all motivation to improve one’s life is removed. Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life as they had?

Uniforms also hurt the economy(经济). Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly. Thousands of people are employed in designing, creating, and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Salesmen would be extra as well. Why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry which in turn would have a wave effect on such industries as advertising and sales promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain in business. Our entire information and entertainment industries would collapse.

【1】What is the main idea of the passage？

A. The advantages of uniforms.

B. The disadvantages of uniforms.

C. Different opinions of uniforms.

D. Measures to forbid uniforms.

【2】Why does the author discuss forcing everyone to buy the same car or eat the same food?

A. To show that freedom of choices is absolute in modern society.

B. To show that the government has too much control over people’s lives.

C. To predict the way the society will be in the next few generations.

D. To suggest the result if uniforms became compulsory.

【3】What does the author talk about in the last paragraph?

A. The effect uniforms have on personality.

B. The effect uniforms have on information industries.

C. The effect uniforms have on economy.

D. The effect uniforms have on cultural industries.

【4】What does the underline word “collapse” mean?

A. Come up. B. Turn out prosperous.

C. Come into being. D. Come to an end.

【5】What is the author’s attitude towards uniforms?

A. Opposed. B. Favorable.

C. Unclear. D. Doubtful.