8．In 1997.I found myself in a situation I never thought I'd be in:alone and begging for money in New——青夏教育精英家教网—

8．In 1997，I found myself in a situation I never thought I'd be in：alone and begging for money in New York．My father had been separated from our family，and my mother had recently died from complications related to AIDS．What I remember most about such nights is lying on the cold marble floor and using my backpack for a pillow．
Even though I had lost my family，I made choices every single day to turn my life around．There was the haven for homeless teenagers called the Door，a non-profit organization that provided me with guidance，medical care and food，all of which kept me going while I completed my homework in train stations and under hallway lights．Perhaps the most surprising　help though，I did not seek out﹔it found me．The New York Times told my story．In the weeks　that followed，dozens of strangers reached out to me from all across the United States．At my　high school，I began receiving handwritten letters of encouragement．Strangers showed up　bearing clothes，books，and even hugs．Since the article mentioned I was applying to Harvard，one woman knitted a blanket for me．She attached this note to the box it was posted in："It gets cold in those dorms．May you warm yourself knowing that people care about you"．
With the help of these people，my life today bears no resemblance at all to my life then．I graduated not only from high school but also from Harvard University．
Before these people-some of them nameless-I just didn't realize how good people　could be．But now I do，and I can say that the people who helped me have forever changed me．They are the reason behind my decision to join the board at the Door so that I can be part of a small team of people opening a high school for homeless teenagers．They are the reason I dedicate my life to opening pathways for others．And they are the reason I travel around the　world helping people transform their own lives．
1．According to the passage，the authorA．
A．tried to change her life
B．often slept m friends'homes
C．felt lonely because of her illness
D．felt quite desperate for her father
2．What can we learn about the Door？A
A．It is an organization  helping homeless teenagers．
B．It is an organization seeking profits．
C．It provides entertainment for children．
D．It reports the stories about the homeless．
3．Which of the following is the correct order to describe the author's life？C
a．The newspaper reported her story．
b．She graduated from Harvard University．
c．She slept on the cold floor at night．
d．She joined the committee at the Door．
e．Her mother died from the illness．
A．d→e→c→a→b
B．e→c→d→a→b
C．e→c→a→b→d
D．b→c→d→e→a
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph？B
A．Patience is a virtue．
B．Love can be passed on．
C．Time waits for no man．
D．Honesty leads to success．

7．Many of us know people who are always working and never seem to stop．Have you ever heard of anyone who is allergic（61）to vacations？It's not really an allergy and it is called leisure sickness．It happens like this-you are hoping to tak（ 62）avacation and all ready for it，and when it finally begins，you get sick（63）immediately （immediate）．
It's a bit of a mystery．However，there are a few possible explanations．One theory is（64）that people have no time to get sick when focusing on work，and their bodies ignore the problems until they take a break．Another possibility is that（65）it is actually healthier to be very busy，for people become stronger and are less likely（66）to fall （fall） ill when they are always working．When extremely hard-working people go on vacation，their bodies relax and stop fighting illness the way that they usually do．That's to say，they can't adjust to（67）being （be） on vacation．When people are（68）occupied （occupy） with their work，they might forget how to relax，and the（69）pressure （press） of their sudden vacation makes them get ill．For most of us，however，vacations are fun，and leisure sickness is one problem about（70）which we do not have to worry．

6．Cambridge University Botanic Garden
We run a lively programme of family events，life-long learning courses and much more throughout the year．
Improve your Digital Photography
This  course led by award-winning photographer，Pete Murray，will show you how to take control of your camera．Using a proven"step by step approach"you will gain confidence in using your camera．
Date：29/09
Time：10am-4pm
Price：￡60
Event Category：Garden Photography
‘Handbag'Baskets
New to the Botanic Garden，this course will give you the opportunity to make your very own beautiful‘handbag basket'from a design that local basketry maker，Debbie Hall，developed herself．They have proved very popular since she started teaching the technique．
Date：07/10
Time：10am-4：30pm
Price：￡120
Event Category：Weaving &Basketry
Trees and Shrubs（灌木） for Autumn Color
Join Mark Crouch，a specialist in the care of trees，for this course on choosing trees and shrubs to create beautiful autumn displays for your garden．The day will include a talk in our classroom and a tour of the Botanic Garden to look at autumn color and interest across our tree and shrub collection．
Date：17/10
Time：10am-4pm
Price：￡50
Event Category：Gardens and Plants
Introduction to Botanical Subjects in Colored Pencil
If you are interested in beginning to use colored pencils to draw botanical subjects，then this is the course for you．Janie Pirie is one of the country's leading pencil artists and on this one-day course she will show you the basic techniques used when working with colored pencils．
Date：16/10
Time：10am-4pm
Price：￡40
Event Category：Botanical Art
21．How much would you pay if you wanted to learn to take better pictures？C
A．￡40
B．￡50
C．￡60
D．￡120
22．Who is good at making baskets？B
A．Janie Pirie
B．Debbie Hall
C．Pete Murray
D．Mark Crouch
23．The course that provides an opportunity to tour the garden is held onD．
A．September 29th
B．October 7th
C．October 16th
D．October 17th．

5．He was very friendly and had a sense ofhumour/humor （幽默）．

4．Parents and kids today dress alike，listen to the same music，and are friends．Is this a good thing？Sometimes，when Mr．Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter，Elizabeth，listen to rock music together and talk about interests they both enjoy，such as pop culture，he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager．
"I would never have said to my mom，‘Hey，the new Weezer album is really great．How do you like it？'"says Ballmer．"There was just a complete gap in taste．"
Music was not the only gulf．From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations，earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits（轨道）．
Today，the generation gap has not disappeared，but it is getting narrow in many families．And parent-child activities，from shopping to sports，involve a feeling of trust and friendship that can continue into adulthood．
But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents．"There's still a lot of strictness and authority（权威） on the part of parents out there，but there is a change happening，"says Kerrie，a psychology professor at Lebanon Valley College．"In the middle of that change，there is a lot of confusion among parents．"
Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these changing roles and attitudes．They see the 1960s as a turning point．Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic（民主的） process that encourages everyone to have a say．
"My parents were on the‘before'side of that change，but today's parents，the=40-year-olds，were on the‘after'side，"explains Mr．Ballmer．"It's not something easily achieved by parents these days，because life is more difficult to understand or deal with，but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now．"
52．The underlined word"gulf"in Para.3most probably meansA．
A．distance
B．interest
C．similarity
D．cooperation
53．The change in today's parent-child relationship isC．
A．more confusion among children．
B．less respect for parents from children．
C．new equality between parents and children．
D．more strictness and authority on the part of parents．
54．By saying"today's parents，the 40-year-olds，were on the‘after'side．"the author means that today's parentsB．
A．can set a limit to the change．
B．follow the trend of the change．
C．fail to take the change seriously．
D．have little difficulty adjusting（适应）to the change．
55．The purpose of the passage is toB．
A．describe the difficulties today's parents have met with．
B．discuss the development of the parent-child relationship．
C．suggest the ways to handle the parent-child relationship．
D．compare today's parent-child relationship with that in the past．

3．SAN FRANCISCO-A phone app（应用程序）in San Francisco gives information about open parking spots．City officials in San Francisco introduced the app to try to reduce traffic jams in the city，but some say it raises safety concerns．
In this city，drivers searching for parking spots lead to 30 percent of all downtown jams，city officials think．Now San Francisco has found a solution-a phone app for spot-seekers that shows information about areas with available spaces．The system，introduced last month，relies on wireless sensors（感应器）fixed in streets and city garages that can tell within seconds if a spot has opened up．
But the system could come with serious consequences．Some people say that drivers searching for parking could end up focusing on their phones，not the road．"It could be really distracting（使分心的），"said Daniel Simons，a professor of psychology at the University of Illinois．
City officials admitted the hidden problem．They are urging drivers to pull over before they use the city's iPhone app，or to do so before they leave home．Nathaniel Ford，executive director of the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency，said safety could actually improve if drivers quickly found a spot instead of circling and getting frustrated．
San Francisco has put sensors into 7，000 parking spots and 12，250 spots in city garages．If spaces in an area open up，the sensors communicate wirelessly with computers that in turn make the information available to app users within a minute，said Mr．Ford，of the transportation agency．On the app，a map shows which blocks have lots of places（blue）and which are full（red）．
More than 12，000 people have downloaded San Francisco's app，which is available now only for the iPhone．
48．What is the phone app mentioned in the text mainly aimed at？C
A．Benefiting iPhone users．
B．Preventing traffic accidents．
C．Making the traffic flow smoothly．
D．Making full use of the parking spots．
49．According to the text，San Francisco city officialsB．
A．don't consider the app distracting．
B．are aware of the app's disadvantages．
C．advise drivers to park cars slowly．
D．believe more parking spots are needed．
50．The phone app mentioned in the textD．
A．is a bit slow in reacting
B．hasn't been put into service
C．was introduced several years ago
D．can't be downloaded to all phones
51．What's the main idea of the passage？A
A．A phone app has been introduced to relieve the pressure on traffic in the city．
B．Safety concerns are voiced about a phone app aimed at helping drivers find parking spots．
C．Looking for parking spots contributes greatly to downtown traffic jams．
D．Drivers'attention is distracted in one way or another when they are driving．

2．The other day the crowdapplauded（鼓掌） his wonderful performance for five minutes．

1．A local newspaperremarked（评论） that crimes were on the decrease．

20．Robot teachers are now very popular with pupils in some primary schools in South Korea．Compared with human teachers，the robot teachers are（61）more patient （patient）．They never get angry and are always kind to the students．That's（62）why the children can always get on well with their robot teachers．
English-teaching robots（63）were sent （send） to three primary schools for eight weeks last December．（64）Eqquipped（equip） with a microphone and video camera，the robots teach students as teachers．Researchers found that the English-teaching robots helped raise students'interests in the language and build up their（65）comfidence（confident）．More and more students came to like studying and they got better grades in exams．Meanwhile，other robot teachers，（66）whichcan teach math，science and art，have also been developed．
Many people think these robot teachers should be used（67）in/atfaraway village schools so that the children there can also receive a good education．（68）To give（give） rural school children more learning chances，the South Korean government has expressed great interest in（69）developing（develop） these robots．No doubt there will be more and more robot teachers working with students．Perhaps they will（70）completely（complete） replace human teachers one day in the future．Who knows？

19．Micro-Enterprise Credit for Street Youth
Introduction
Although small-scale business training and credit programs have become more common throughout the world，relatively little attention has been paid to the need to direct such opportunities to youth living on the street or in difficult circumstances．Over the past years，Street Kids International （S．K．I．） has been working with partner organizations in Africa，Latin Africa and India to support the economic lives of street children．The purpose of this paper is to share some of the lessons S．K．I．and our partner organizations have learned．
Background
Typically，children end up on the streets not due to a single cause，but a combination of factors：the lack of adequately funded schools，the demand for income at home and so on．The street may be attractive to children as a place to find adventurous play and money．However，it is also a place where some children are exposed，with little or no protection，to exploitative employment，and urban crime．
Street Business Partnerships
S．K．I．has worked with partner organizations in Latin America，Africa and India to develop innovative opportunities for street children to earn income．
●The S．K．I Bicycle Courier Service first started in the Sudan．Participants in this enterprise were supplied with bicycles，which they used to deliver parcels and messages，but they were required to pay for it gradually from their wages．
●The Youth Skills Enterprise Initiative in Zambia is a joint program with the Red Cross Society．Street Youths are supported to start their own small business through business training，life skills training and access to credit．
Lessons Learned
The following lessons have emerged from the programs that S．K．I．and partner organizations have created．
●It's important for all loans to be linked to training programs that include the development of basic business and life skills．
●Small loans are provided initially for purchasing fixed assets such as bicycles，shoe shining kits．
●All S．K．I．programs have charged interest on the loans，primarily to get the business runners used to the concept of paying interest on borrowing money．Generally the rates have been modest．
Conclusion
There is a need to recognize the importance of access to credit for poor young people seeking to fulfill economic needs．
21．The organization，S．K．I．，aims toA．
A．give business training and loans to street children
B．provide schools and social support for street children
C．share the lessons S．K．I．learned to help street children
D．draw the attention of the government to street children
22．This passage implies that with the help of S．K．I．street children mayB．
A．reject paid employment
B．set up their own business
C．leave their families
D．employ other children
23．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？C
A．The link of all loans to training programs is important．
B．Interest is charged for the loans in all S．K．I．programs．
C．The S．K．I Bicycle Courier Service provides the participants with free bicycles．
D．The Youth Skills Enterprise Initiative in Zambia works with another organization．

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