11．In many places today.children start primary school at around the age of six．However.because it is——青夏教育精英家教网—

11．In many places today，children start primary school at around the age of six．However，because it is more likely now that both parents work，children have little opportunity（61）to stay（stay） in their own home up to that age．Instead，they will probably go to a nursery school when they are much （62）younger（young）．
While some people think this may be damaging to children's （63）development（develop），or to children's relationship with their parents，in fact there are man（64）advantages（advantage） of experiencing school early．
First，children will learn to interact with a lot of different people．They are（65）generally（general） more confident and independent than those who are not used to strangers or new situations．Such children may find their first day at school at age of six very（66）frightening（frighten） and this may have a negative effect on how they learn．
Another advantage of going to school at（67）anearly age is that children develop faster socially．They make friends and learn how to get on （68）withother children of their age．This is not often possible at home because they are the only child（69）orbecause their brothers or sisters are older or younger．
So overall，I believe that（70）attending（attend） school from a young is good for most children．They still spend plenty of time at home with their parents，so they can benefit from both environments．

10．Anyone who keeps a garden knows that most plants bend towards the sun to catch as much sunlight as they can．This is called"solar tracking"．
（36）AIf you observe a sunflower in the early morning，you will find it turning its face eastward； at sunset，on the other hand，its face will turn towards the west．
（37）FIn other words，what happens if you take a sunflower out of the garden bed and keep it in a completely dark room？
Surprisingly，the sunflower will continue its solar tracking without sunlight．It will bend，just as it did outside，eastward at sunrise and westward at sunset，even if there is not a single ray of light inside the dark room．This is a classic example of what scientists call a circadian rhythm （昼夜节律）．What does it mean？（38）DIt's not directed by the environment．
Sunflowers do follow the sun，but they don't just"seek"sunlight．（39）GAlthough sunflowers don't bend with any purpose in mind，some scientists think they have evolved their solar tracking system over millions of years．According to this theory，the evolution helps sunflowers catch light more effectively，and the ones that catch light best are most likely to survive．As a result of this natural selection，we now have sunflowers that bend automatically．（40）EAfter a certain stage sunflowers stop following the sun and only face east．

A．Sunflowers are a well-known example of this．
B．Sunflowers are also an important source of food．
C．Wild sunflowers seen on roadsides don t follow the sun．
D．It is a daily cycle of behavior that is inside of living things．
E．However，that only happens when sunflowers are young plants．
F．But what if there's no sun for the sunflower to guide its solar tracking？
G．This is clear from the fact that sunflowers in darkness bend just as well．

9．In the year 1963，animal experimenter Clarence Little and his team carried out an experiment on more than 100 rats．The group of scientists used products such as cigarettes to test for lung cancer，and they were trying to find a cure．
They could not find any product to produce lung cancer or anything compared to the extremes that humans go through on the rats．Medical professionals are still insisting that they need to test on animals to cure cancer and other diseases．However，if rats can't contract the same diseases，it means there is no real point in testing them．
Since 1963，scientists have slowly been realizing that using animals in their experiments is not important．Medical advances have even been delayed due to experimenting on animals．Some data from U．S．Food and Drug Administration show that 92 percent of drugs which pass animal trials are found to be unsafe or ineffective in human trials and never reach the market．
Animal experimentation is less efficient and reliable than many non-animal methods of experimentation．The most hated and known practice of animal experimentation is "pound seizure" which is where animal shelters sell animals to some labs and companies to test their products．
It's shocking that some countries still allow testing on animals．There are many products that have not been tested on animals and they work even better than the products that have been．So the need for animal experimentation is zero；there are so many ways to get around it．Stopping animal experimentation could be easily done in a few steps：reducing the number of animals being tested，reducing the types of animals that are tested，making sure the outcome will be actually used and needed，and finally replacing all animals with non-living models．

32．Why did scientists do an experiment on rats in 1963？A
A．To look for a treatment for lung cancer．
B．To improve the quality of some medicines．
C．To find out how people suffered from cancer．
D．To look for the cause of an unknown disease．
33．What is a negative effect of using animals in experiments？B
A．Animals can easily become extinct．
B．Medical advances are slowed down．
C．A disease is easily spread among the animals．
D．Medicines used on animals are not accepted by men．
34．What do we know about"pound seizure"？A
A．It's widely used．
B．It's a non-animal test．
C．It helps stop animal testing．
D．It's reliable but not efficient．
35．Which of the following does the author agree with？D
A．Non-living models reduce the cost of experiments．
B．The government is to blame for medical tests．
C．It's easy to find a better way to test medicines．
D．There is no need to test medicines on animals．

8．Chocolate is the"food of the gods，''a sweet treat for many across the world，and an increasingly popular industry worth an estimated﹩110 billion a year．But chocolate lovers，your beloved snack may have just been saved by another sweet treat：mangoes （芒果）．Scientists may have found a way to solve a possibly coming shortage of cocoa，which could affect future chocolate production，by using mangoes in place of cocoa to make chocolate，according to a study．"Wild mango is one of the so-called Cinderella （灰姑娘） species whose real value is unrealized，''says Akhter，the study's senior author．
Global cocoa production has gone down in recent years-due to a handful of factors including changes in climate and crop failure-while the demand for cocoa has been on the rise．Cocoa producers in the past also have been accused of unfair labor practices，including employing child laborers and underpaying farmers．Wild mango butter may be chemically and physically similar enough to cocoa butter to act as a replacement，which makes researchers and food producers excited and hopeful．
The study's authors also believe the potential business benefits of the fruit could be a boon to protection efforts．"Going beyond the use to industry，wild fruits like mangoes are an important source of food，medicine and income for rural people，but are in decline due to factors such as deforestation，''said Morag McDonald of Bangor University，another of the study's authors．Adding value to underused products through processing for products that have market value can bring about a valuable motivation for the conservation of such species，and help to bring about alternative income sources and reduce household poverty．

28．Why is the mango called Cinderella species？C
A．It often appears in fairy tales．
B．It is especially suitable for girls．
C．Its importance fails to be recognized．
D．It looks common but is very popular．
29．What is stressed in Paragraph 2？D
A．The hard life of cocoa farmers．
B．The great demand for chocolate．
C．The reasons for chocolate's popularity．
D．The reasons for replacing cocoa with mangoes．
30．What makes mangoes a replacement for cocoa？B
A．Similar output．
B．Similar nutritional value．
C．Similar growth conditions．
D．Similar processing method．
31．The underlined word"boon"in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced byB．
A．disagreement
B．gift
C．challenge
D．barrier．

7．In some places，people collect honey from wild bees．This is common in many parts of the world，especially South Asia．Honey hunting is a local tradition in southern India but it is not an undemanding job．The bees in southern India can grow up to the size of the smallest adult human finger．And these giant honey bees build their hives （蜂窝）on the sides of mountains!
It takes many years for a honey hunter to learn to collect honey from these hives．From a young age the honey hunter learns everything about bees．He practices climbing hundreds of meters above the ground．Before the honey season，the honey hunter prepares for many days．
When the day of the honey hunt season arrives，the honey hunter goes to the edge of the mountain early in the morning．He climbs down with a rope and lights some dry branches （树枝）on fire．The smoke makes the bees leave the hive．With the bees flying around the honey hunter，he uses a long sharp stick to gently get pieces of the wax （蜜錯） filled with honey．He then takes them back to the village in 2box made of bamboo．
Usually the hunter takes some honey and leaves some of the hive on the mountainside．
He does not take the part of the hive with the baby bees in it since he does not want to destroy the home of the bees．When the honey hunter returns，the village celebrates!
"They have been hunting honey in this way for more than 2，000 years．Honey was and still is an important part of their diet，cooking and medicine，"Simone Gie from the organization Slow Food Internationa^said．

51．The underlined word"undemanding"in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by"C"．
A．regular
B．boring
C．easy
D．difficult
52．According to the passage，honey huntingB．
A．has a short history
B．needs careful preparation
C．makes some villages rich
D．is often done by a young man．
53．Which of the following is NOT needed during honey hunting？C
A．Bamboo．B．Branches．C．A rope．D．A stick
54．Paragraph 3is mainly aboutD．
A．how to protect baby bees
B．the importance of honey
C．the new use for honey
D．how honey is hunted
55．What's the best title for the passageA
A．Honey hunters．
B．The honey season．
C．Bees in Southern India．
D．Honey hunting celebration．

6．Some people express themselves through beautiful art； others are masters of the page and speak silently through writing．I，on the other hand，express myself with the greatest instrument I have，my voice．
Nothing gives me more satisfaction than public speaking．At age eight I started giving speeches in local competitions．Soon I was able to participate in （参加）state competitions．During March of eighth grade，I had the best opportunity ever to practice my speaking skills．I was chosen，out of all the students entered in New Hampshire，to write and read a four-minute speech on national television．My job was to introduce Elizabeth Dole，who at  the time was interested in running for president．
I was notified the day before the event and so had only one night to write and memorize my speech．When I arrived the next morning in Belford，New Hampshire，I was  greeted by photographers and newspaper reporters!Soon it was time for my speech．I had a feeling of complete excitement flowing through my body．When I finished，everyone stood up and clapped．Mrs．Dole surprised me by giving me a great hug and thanking me for my comments （评论）on the importance of education．But even after she finished speaking，the excitement was far from over．
Since then I have participated in different competition and events．My favorite by far was Young Chatqua，a wonderful summer program．In Chatqua I gave a speech on the life of Margaret Bourke-White，a pioneer photographer，in a 12-minutc speech that took a month to research，prepare，and memorize．It was the most amazing experience of my life．
After Chatqua，I participated in my first play，Everybody'scrazy，and I am now organizing a debate （辩论）team．I plan to continue competitions，do volunteer work，go to Chatqua next summer，and hopefully participate in the American Legion's Oratorical Contest next year．

46．The author's speech on TVD．
A．was about students in New Hampshire
B．was her most amazing experience
C．happened when she was eight
D．proved to be successful
47．The underlined word"notified"in Paragraph 3 probably means"B"．
A．prepared
B．told
C．tricked
D．refused
48．How did the author feel before giving the four-minutes speech？C
A．Nervous．B．Worried．C．Excited．D．Frightened，
49．We can learn from the passage thatA．
A．the speech-giving experience on TV increased the author's confidence
B．the 12-minutes speech about Margaret Bourke-White was the hardest
C．the author will probably give up Chataqua in the future
D．the author felt uncertain about her future life
50．The author writes the passage to mainly tell us aboutD  ．
A．her unusual school life
B．her dream in childhood
C．her public speaking skills
D．her interest in public speaking．

5．He apologized（道歉） to his teacher for being too late yesterday．

4．All the passengers were aboard（登上） the plane and it was ready to take off．

3．Unlike（不像） his deskmate，he worked out the math problem in a different way．

2．This picture book can best satisfy children's curiosity（好奇心） about nature．

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