17.Another cultural aspect of nonverbal communication is one that you might not think about:space.Every person feels himself have a sort of invisible protection surrounding his physical body.When someone comes too close,he feels uncomfortable.When he bumps onto someone,he feels obliged to apologize.But the size of a person's"comfort zone"depends on his cultural ethnic origin.For example,in casual conversation,many Americans stand about four feet apart.In other words,they like to keep each other"at an arm's length".People in Latin or Arab cultures,in contrast,stand very close to each other and touch each other often.If someone from one of those cultures stands too close to an American while in conversation,the Americans may feel uncomfortable and back away.
When Americans are talking,they expect others to respond to what they are saying.To Americans,polite conversationalists understand by showing expressions of excitement or dislike,shock or sadness.People with a"poker face",whose emotions are hidden by a deadpan(无表情的) expression,are looked upon with suspicion.Americans also show their attentiveness in a conversation by raising their eyebrows,nodding,smiling politely and maintaining good eye contact.However,some cultures view direct eye contact as impolite or threatening.Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty.If a person doesn't look you in the eye,American might say:you should question his motives---or suppose that he doesn't like you.Yet with all the concern for eye contact,Americans still consider staring---especially at strangers---to be rude.
58.What the author discussed in the previous section is most probably aboutD.
  A.classification of nonverbal communication
  B.the reasons why people should think about space
  C.the relationship between communication and space
  D.some other cultural aspects of nonverbal communication
59.How far people keep to each other while talking is closely associated with theirB.
A.race      
B.culture         
C.custom      
D.nationality
60.When a person from Latin America talks to an Arabian on informal occasions,A.
A.he stands about four feet away            
B."comfort zone"does not exist
C.keeping close enough is preferred             
D.communication barriers (障碍) may appear
61.In a conversation between friends,Americans regard it as honest and truthful toA.
A.maintain direct eye contact                   
B.hide emotions with a deadpan expression
C.display excitement or dislike,shock or sadness   
D.raise their eyebrows,nod and smile politely.
16.A.contacts     B.dependent   C.draw    D.guide     E.communication   F.challenge
G.available    H.assistants    I.emergencies   J.distracted       K.victim
Human beings are so smart that we are capable of handling emergencies,reading people's feelings and becoming close friends with each other.But are we as smart as we think?
  It seems that people are gradually losing their smartness as smart phones become increasingly important (29)Hin their lives.As we rely too much on technology instead of our brains,many people have lost three basic abilities.
So,are you also a (30)Kof smart phone's intelligence?The first skill many people have lost is remembering phone numbers.Because phone numbers are stored in smart phone (31)A,there's now no need to dial a number or look at it again.This is fine until you need to call someone for help,only to find your phone is not around.
Furthermore,some people have lost their sense of direction because navigation apps,which can find the shortest routes for you to avoid traffic jams,may (32)Dpeople anywhere they want.People get so (33)Bon them that they get lost and anxious if their smart phones are not (34)G.
The worst lost skills may be social ones.People often bury themselves in their smart phones so that we are too (35)Jby what's happening in the virtual world.As a result,for lack of face-to-face (36)E,conversational skills are lost.
Luckily,people still have a chance to get these abilities back.We need to keep parents'numbers in mind for (37)I.In addition,more attention should be paid to street signs and stores,which will help to (38)Ca mind map and prevent people from getting lost.
We are social creatures and need device-free time.Therefore,the easiest solution to social skill loss is to take a break from electronic devices.
15.The 2104 Nobel Prize for Literature went to the French novelist Patrick Modiano"for the art of memory"with which he has"uncovered the life-world of the occupation".
    (21)Althoughthe 69-year-old writer is a very popular literary figure in France,he is little known elsewhere.So who is this Patrick Modiano,why does his memory have such an influence(22)uponhim,and what exactly has he uncovered?
    Modiano was born in a suburb of Paris right after World War II ended in Europe in July 1945.His father was a Jewish-Italian businessman (23)who/thatmet his Belgian actress mother during the Nazi occupation of Paris.Modiano's life has been affected by Nazi Germany's occupation during the war,and his family's connections to it.According to New York-based newspaper Forward,his father survived the war dishonorably.When Paris Jews(24)were brought(bring) together for deportation (遣送) to concentration camps,the businessman did not join them but spent the time (25)making(make) money from deals with Nazis on the black market.
His most (26)admired(admire) novel,Missing Person,is a good example of his three dozen novels with the same themes:Jewishness,the Nazi occupation,and loss of identity.It's a story about a detective who has lost his memory.He tries to find out(27)whohe really is by following his own steps through history.
Although Modiano's win is a surprise outside France,people are celebrating in his home country.Modiano is the 15th French literature winner.After Le Clezio's 2008 win,it seemed unlikely(28)thatthere would be another so soon.
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