10．Have you ever heard of a great Chilean poet?He was once referred to as the Picasso of poetry．Belo——青夏教育精英家教网—

10．Have you ever heard of a great Chilean poet？He was once referred to as the Picasso of poetry．Beloved by Chileans of all classes，he is one of the most widely read and respected poets in history．And this year is the 110th birthday of Pablo Neruda （1904-1973）．
Born with the name Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto，he was a tall，shy and lonely boy．He loved to read and started to write poetry when he was ten．The American poet Walt Whitman，whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table，became a major influence on his work．
However，his father did not like the idea of having a poet for a son and tried to discourage him from writing．To cover up the publication of his first poem，he took the pen name Pablo Neruda．
In 1924Neruda gained fame with his most widely read work"Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair''．Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile made him go beyond the theme of love．His work also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America．He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971．
Neruda loved the sea which he saw as creative，destructive and forever moving．He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast．"I need the sea because it teaches me，"he wrote．"I move in the university of the waves．"He loved how the sea forever renewed itself，a renewal echoed （共鸣） in his work．
32．The underlined word"Picasso"can probably be replaced by"B"．
A．poem fan
B．most important person
C．famous person from Picasso
D．freedom fighter in Picasso
33．Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto took the pen name Pablo Neruda becauseD．
A．he was greatly influenced by other poets
B．literary greats usually used the pen name
C．his father encouraged him to use the name
D．he wanted to prevent his father knowing the publication
34．Which of the following is not the theme of his works？A
A．Social reform．
B．Love．
C．Political struggle．
D．Development of South America．
35．The last paragraph mainly tells usB．
A．Neruda loved to write his poems near the sea
B．the sea gave Neruda vast writing inspiration
C．the beautiful scenery along the Chile coast
D．Neruda's poems were widely read overseas．

9．Around the world，a lot of fresh water basins lie underground．These groundwater basins are like banks．Now，changes in climate and human water usage are emptying those groundwater basins，a new study finds．And it's happening at a worrying rate．Of Earth's 37largest groundwater basins，21of them lose more water each year than they gain．The conclusion is troubling．That's according to the study coauthor Sasha Richey．About 2billion people drink water from underground water basins．Crops also need such water to grow．
People get groundwater by drilling into groundwater basins called aquifers（储水层）．Aquifers are refilled when water goes down through the soil．Scientists can know about groundwater through wells．Water levels drop as an aquifer becomes empty．This method fails to provide a global picture of changes in water levels，though．
Richey and her colleagues used data collected by the GRACE mission instead．Theses win satellites measure small changes in Earth's gravity．Changes in the density（密度） of Earth's surface cause those small changes in gravity．The emptying and refilling of groundwater basins is one way that the density of Earth's surface changes．The GRACE satellites pass over these buried basins regularly．As they do，the satellites"weigh"the mass of the water stored inside．
The researchers examined gravity changes over Earth's largest aquifers in the past ten years．Eight of the studied aquifers lost great volumes of water over that decade．The researchers considered these aquifers as"overstressed"．That means almost no water naturally went in to supersede the water being taken out．The regions of greatest concern were in the Middle East，northern Africa and northwestern India and Pakistan．
The most dried-up aquifers were in areas near large cities，in heavily agricultural areas or in dry areas．All three characteristics probably led to the extreme stress affecting the basins below central California，Richey says．California has both people and farms．It's also in a sever drought．As a result，the state's pumping of groundwater recently has greatly increased．
32．What can we learn from the finding of the new study？D
A．There are 37large groundwater basins in the world in all
B．Most of the world's groundwater basins are empty
C．Men are cautious about using underground water
D．Climate change is shrinking underground water
33．To learn about the current situation of groundwater basins，Richey and her colleaguesC．
A．collected data of aquifers around the world
B．used two satellites to study the effect of climate change
C．referred to the data about changes in Earth's gravity
D．observed the buried groundwater basins frequently
34．What does the underlined word"supersede"in Paragraph 4mean？A
A．Replace
B．Increase
C．Improve
D．Support
35．We can learn from the last paragraph that in California a lot of peopleC．
A．go to central California for water
B．don't know the importance of groundwater
C．depend on groundwater for their daily activities
D．are aware they're harming groundwater basins．

8．As the labor market becomes more attractive，more companies are sending their employees to school．Fiat Chrysler Automobiles is the latest company to use tuition assistance for employees-which for decades has been a part of many business'benefits packages-as part of a renewed effort to bring in and cultivate talent．And while the impact of such programs has yet to be fully assessed，many see it as a positive-although gradual-movement．
"For workers，it gives them a better opportunity for development，"says Colleen Flaherty Manchester，a professor．"For firms，they are able to recruit the type of employees who have value education and are less likely to turn over，and thus have a higher level of retention（保留）．"
In all，56percent of US organizations offer undergraduate educational assistance while 52percent offer graduate assistance．
Largely driving the trend are Millennials，who happen to be the fastest-growing people in the US workforce today and to whom the idea of tuition support from employers is especially appealing．Nearly 60percent of Millennials surveyed said they would choose a job with strong professional-development potential over one with regular pay raises．Employers are absolutely adapting to Millennials in the workplace．They recognize that they need more experience，more knowledge，more mentoring to be successful．And they're asking for it．
Of more than 140，000Starbucks employees，only about 4，000have signed up for the company's College Achievement Plan．What the long-term effects such programs might have for companies'retention and turnover rates remain unclear．But，the pluses of these programs are more important than the minuses．We're going to see a lot more of this in the future．
32．Using tuition assistance for employeesC．
A．has attracted a large number of talents
B．is a trend that formed recently
C．has existed for scores of years
D．is well received by employees
33．What can we learn from what Colleen Flaherty said？B
A．It is merely beneficial to employees
B．It is a win-win event for employees and employers．
C．Valuing education has become a trend for all companies．
D．It turns out to be tough for firms to find suitable employees．
34．What does the underlined word"it"in Paragraph 4refer to？C
A．Regular pay raises．
B．More chances to be successful
C．Educational support
D．Professional-development potential
35．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the programs？B
A．The programs can guarantee the employees a good job．
B．The impact of the programs remains to be estimated．
C．Employees will benefit more from the programs than companies．
D．It's less likely that employees will remain in the same company after receiving the programs．

7．Evidence of violent storms that destroyed a lost town known as Britain's Atlantis has been uncovered．The finds were uncovered off the coast of Dunwich，Suffolk-a small village which in the 11th Century was one of the largest towns in England．
The town was hit by a series of storms in the 13th and 14th centuries and is now largely below the sea．
Researchers said sediment（沉积物） gathered from the cliffs independently proved the historical record．
"They were like the south coast storms of 2013，at least once a year for decades，"Professor David Sear，of the University of Southampton said．
The three-year research off Dunwich has been funded by Touching the Tide，a£900，000Heritage Lottery Fund plan to explore the changing Suffolk coast．
A diver used ultrasound（超声波） to "illuminate"findings on the seabed，and the marshes（沼泽） and eroding cliffs were surveyed．
"It offers a marvelous history of climate change and coastal erosion，"said Prof Sear with regards to the findings．
In the 11th Century，Dunwich was the 10th largest town in England，but now has about 120residents．
Two great storms in 1286and 1326resulted in the loss of its harbour and started its decline．Prof Sear said analysis showed how"people gave up on Dunwich"after 1338，when another great storm choked up the port for good，and food production declined．Sediment gathered from the cliffs，he said，"independently confirmed the sequences of storms recorded in the historical record"．
The underwater research has been carried out using acoustic（声学的） imaging technology，and has unearthed a series of buildings．We found the ruins of about four churches and we've also found ruins of what we think was a toll house．We've also found shipwrecks（沉船），which no-one's known before．
A dig in 2015 discovered evidence of Dunwich's prehist origins，as well as evidence it was"a substantial Saxon port，prior to its rapid growth following the Norman invasion"．
Bill Jenman，from Touching the Tide，said："We found loads of pottery，a lot more than we've found before，so sort of High Medieval-the peak of the wealth of Dunwich．We know it was a fairly major town in the Anglo-Saxon period．"
32．Evidence shows that Dunwich declined in history due toD．
A．the rise of sea level
B．sediment from the cliffs
C．the Norman invasion
D．a series of storms
33．What can be learned from the text about Dunwich's present condition？B
A．It is completely below the sea
B．It still exists with about 120residents．
C．It is still hit by storms every year．
D．It is still an important port in England
34．With the help of modern equipment，the researchers have found all the following things underwater EXCEPTD．
A．shipwrecks unknown before
B．ruins of churches and other buildings
C．the seabed that was like a busy harbour
D．lots of pottery dating back to the Anglo-Saxon period
35．From the discoveries，we can conclude thatC．
A．Dunwich was thoroughly ruined by the Norman invaders
B．no one believed those ships could have sink at Dunwich
C．Dunwich was a prosperous town before its decline
D．no historical records about Dunwich were kept after 1338．

6．We're a nation-a globe，in fact-obsessed with out hair．Analysts estimate the global hair products industry to be worth￡22.6billion-and growing at a rate of up to seven per cent a year．
There seems to be no limit on what we'll spend to avoid a bad hair day．But for devotees of an underground beauty movement，the secret lies in throwing away the shampoo，in fact all the hair products，for good．
The"no-poo"method，which involves using natural substitutes or just water in place of shampoo and conditioner，is supported by several circles．
Beauty insiders，including writers for women's magazines and professional hairdressers，speak highly of how hair becomes thicker，fuller，softer and brighter．
And environmentalists who are mindful with money feel great joy at the lack of chemicals in and on their bodies-not to mention the impact on their budgets．
Now one devotee is hoping to take it mainstream．Lucy Aitken Read，whose book Happy Hair：The definitive guide to giving up shampoo was released last week，hasn't used shampoo for two years and her glowing brown hair is visibly in perfect condition．
For her，the motivation came after reading a study that claimed women put 515chemicals on their bodies daily．"I initially thought‘Ha!They didn't research me!'"Aitken Read says．"Then I looked at the back of my shampoo bottle and realized there were loads of chemical components I didn't recognize in the slightest．"
Strangely it's oily hair that could benefit the most from giving up shampoo．The theory behind the‘no-poo'method is that shampoo removes the hair of its natural oils，which causes the scalp（头皮）to generate more oils to replace them．This results in oil overload-oily hair-which we then attempt to‘fix'with more shampoo/It's a vicious（恶性的）circle and quite a brilliant success for the shampoo industry，because the more shampoo you use，the more you need to use and the more frequently you need to use it．
Left to its own devices or washed with natural substitutes，the scalp eventually theoretically returns to its natural balance．The result should be healthier hair that is stronger，thicker and fuller as it is less damaged than shampooed hair．
28．What can we know from the first paragraph？D
A．More and more people produce hair products．
B．More and more people waste money on their hair．
C．More and more hair products are wasted every year
D．More and more hair products are produced every year．
29．Environmentalists are in favor of"no-poo"method becauseB．
A．they have the same chemicals as shampoo has
B．it helps reduce their budgets on daily expenses in a way
C．natural substitutes are friendly to the environment
D．they know shampoo has an impact on their health
30．What can we learn from Lucy's words？A
A．She didn't realize shampoo contains so many harmful chemicals
B．She didn't realize shampoo contains all the necessary chemicals
C．She couldn't recognize the description on the shampoo bottle．
D．She didn't recognize she was quite different from other women．
31．What is the main trouble with shampoo？D
A．It adds more oil to the hair
B．It prevents the scalp producing oil．
C．It badly impacts the shampoo industry
D．It makes people addicted to using it more often．

5．"Amazing．""Thrilling!""Feels like swimming．""It was a thing of beauty．"
This is how a group of teachers described their recent experience on the Weightless Flights of Discovery sponsored（赞助）by Northrop Grumman．Four MCPS teachers participated in this year's event-Alexia Couch，a technology and foreign language specialist； John Hendrix，a science teacher at Kennedy High School； Kurt Long，a sixth grade math science teacher at Key Middle School，and Pam Pennington，a science teacher at Rocky Hill Middle School．
They were among a group of 29educators around the region who participated in the program，which aims to inspire and prepare the next generation of scientists，mathematicians and engineers of scientists，mathematicians and engineers．
The flights were performed by using a specially designed aircraft．The maneuvers（演习）were conducted in required airspace 100miles long by 10miles wide．Specially trained pilots flew the plane in a series of maneuvers between the altitudes of 24，000and 32，000feet．During the flights，educators conducted a variety of planned experiments，which were filmed and made into pictures and videos that are later shared with students．
It wasn't all scientific experiments，Long says，adding"we also tried to drink water that was floating in the mid air．
"The students were very excited to see pictures and talk about how one day they would be the next astronauts．"Long says．"With the planned shortage of students entering the science and mathematics fields，if I got even one more student to think about one of the many career opportunities that are present in those fields，my ambition was achieved．"
For Couch，who has wanted to be an astronaut since the third grade，the trip was a dream that came come true．She put her weightlessness into words-"You start out lying on the floor and you feel twice as heavy at 2G，and then all of a sudden you feel yourself start to rise up and float．It feels like swimming，but you just have to push a little to move．"
Hendrix says his students pay better attention to him if he tells them something from personal experience．"They know it's real，"he says．
32．We can learn from the passage thatA．
A．All the participants in the event came from the same area
B．All the participants in the event were advanced teachers
C．Both teachers and students participated in the event．
D．Only male teachers participated in the event．
33．Northrop Grumman sponsored the program in order toC．
A．praise and reward the teachers
B．train the teachers'weightless flying skills．
C．inspire and prepare the future science teachers．
D．encourage more students to enter the science field．
34．Kurt Long'words quoted in the last but two paragraphs suggest thatD．
A．the students admire astronauts
B．the country's science is falling behind．
C．job opportunities are not enough in the science field．
D．the country is short of followers in the science field．
35．What's the best title of the passage？B
A．Science education in MCPS
B.29educators experience weightless flight
C．Four teachers experience weightless flight
D．A solution to the shortage of science followers．

4．Knuckle-popping（指关节砰砰响）
Do you slurp（咕噜）soup？Do you pop bubble gum？If you do，your habits won't help you win friends-but they're fun．But how about knuckle-popping？Not you does this hobby give people around you the"willies（[俚]神经紧张），"but cracking knuckles can lead to monster knuckles（异乎寻常的响声），and maybe-to arthritis （关节炎）．
At least，most people think knuckle-popping is bad．Well，there's no doubt that the people who have to listen to knuckles being snapped（啪地一声折断）can't stand the sound．But how bad is it for the knuckle-popper？
A doctor has looked into this indoor sport．He says it's not harmful．Dr．Robert L．Swezey found that his son was cracking his knuckles．And the kid's grandmother thought it was terrible．So Dr．Swezey went to a home for the aged．He studied the knuckles of old people there．Only one out of fifteen old people who said they cracked their knuckles all their lives had something wrong with their finger joints．Also，five out of twelve women who never cracked their knuckles had trouble with their joints．So if you want to go on popping your knuckles，Dr．Swezey says if OK，even if his son's grandma still doesn't like it．
28．People who hear others cracking their knucklesA．
A．are bothered．
B．don't notice the sound
C．start to crack their own knuckles．
D．feel it's as had as slurping soup．
29．When Dr．Swezey went to the old-age-home，what did he find out about old people who had cracked their knuckles？C
A．Only one old people had something wrong with their finger joins．
B．Only old women had cracked their knuckles．
C．About 6.7percent of the old people had something wrong with their finger joints．
D．The old people were all well．
30．Which of the following is right？D
A．Slurping soup and popping bubble gum are food habits．
B．Cracking knuckles will lead to arthritis．
C．No one likes cracking his knuckles．
D．Some women who didn't crack their knuckles had something wrong with their finger joints．
31．If you pop your knuckles，Dr．Swezey thinks you might as wellA．
A．go on doing it．
B．stop at once．
C．avoid people who do it．
D．not do it around your friends．

3．One of my main concerns when I am helping people achieve their goals is how they measure success．I see individuals getting frustrated as they struggle hard for success．
One of the main reasons that cause this frustration is that people allow their definition of success to be determined by someone or something else．Another is that they become frustrated at their own apparent lack of success when comparing themselves to other people．
We are individuals with individual wants，skills and experiences．We should look at our own skills to determine what is successful to us．We should look inwards to determine what it would mean for us to be successful in our own mind rather than someone else's．
Evaluating a successful person needs to look at his pathway to success，his actions，his determination and translate that into his own experience to see how he can improve himself．
You must set your own course of action，and stay on your course．You alone must determine what success means to you．Do what you do to the best of your ability and the rest will take care of itself．For example，I believe that I am successful but I am not a millionaire!Others may not see me as successful in their eyes but that does not matter．It is how I see myself that is important to me and my life．
Here is the truth．Being a success is doing your best，not being the best．Success is not something you become； it is something you continue being．
When we get to that point，we will experience a lot more joy and a lot less frustration．And that sounds good to us!
Remember the great quote from Napoleon Hill，"If you cannot do great things，do small things in a great way．"
25．What's the best title of this passage？C
A．Frustration Determines Success
B．The Importance of Frustration to Success
C．How to Measure Success
D．Evaluations of a Successful Person
26．In terms of success，the writer thinks people feel frustrated because theyD
A．struggle too hard
B．know little about others
C．are often discouraged
D．underestimate themselves
27．According to the passage the writer advises us toC．
A．attach the importance to others'attitude and evaluation
B．learn from others，failure
C．set a proper goal and work hard to realize it
D．look at others'skills to determine what is successful to us．

2．Modern science has found that _______ one is using chopsticks，over 30joints and over 50
muscles are used，which is a favorable stimulation to the brain．（　　）

1．The boy feltembarrassed （不好意思的，尴尬的） at being the center of attention．

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