12．With alarming regularity.we read about oil tankers having accidents near land and the terrible co——青夏教育精英家教网—

12．With alarming regularity，we read about oil tankers having accidents near land and the terrible consequences of the oil spills （泄露） on people，nature，and the environment．
    Millions of dollars have been used in developing special chemicals to help dismiss the spills and to clean up the animals，beaches，and land spoiled by the oil．Unfortunately，when many of these chemicals are used，more damage is caused to the environment，especially to lives in the sea．
    Of all of today's environmental disasters，an oil spill may actually be one of the least serious．Although oil is poisonous，it is a natural material．In the end，it breaks down naturally．There are，of course，long-term effects，but it is usually more serious in the short term．
    Nature by itself works better than chemical materials，but when there is a spill we demand that governments act immediately with as much hi-tech knowledge as possible．In 1967 the tanker Torrey Canyon sank off the Scilly Isles near the coast of England and spilled 120，000 tones of oil into the ocean．If you go there today，you will find it hard to see any sign that it ever happened．
    Governments seem to accept the risk of transporting millions of tons of oil by ship every day so that we can fill up our cars and drive around and cause even more environmental damage．Interestingly，the biggest companies in the world produce cars，and the next biggest supply the gasoline to make them run I
    We should be thinking more about reducing our dependency on oil．Governments should be encouraging research into new technologies，such as cars run by solar power （太阳能），electricity，hydrogen，and so on．Much of this research has，in the past，been held back by the oil，gas，and coal．
    If the world's millions of cars were 10% more efficient （高效的）-and the industry could easily produce cars at least twice as efficient？we would need many fewer tankers crossing the oceans each year．If this happened，the risks of oil spills would be reduced，and the air we breathe would be cleaner and fresher，too．
63．What is the passage mainly talking about？A
A．Oil spills pollution．
B．What oil pollution is．
C．Oil tanker accidents．
D．How to reduce oil pollution．
64．How does the author support the idea that oil spills are not as serious as people believe？C
A．By giving a description．
B．By making an argument．
C．By giving an example．
D．By drawing a diagram．
65．What does the underlined word"risk"in Paragraph 5 refer to？D
A．Transportation depending more on oil．
B．Poisonous oil breaking down naturally．
C．Millions of tons of oil spilling into the sea．
D．More environmental damage being caused．
66．Which suggestion，is made for reducing oil tank accidents according to the passage？B
A．We should build safer tankers in the near future．
B．We should develop new technologies to cut oil use．
C．Tankers should not be allowed to sail near the coastlines．
D．Countries should build more oil pipelines under the sea．

11．For over 150years the blue whale has been the main target for whalers，who hunt the whale since it was a money-making catch because of its big size，which directly makes it now an endangered species．With a length of about 30meters，the blue whale tops the largest animal list in the world．It is believed that a full grown whale can be 30times the weight of a big elephant and live for 100years．There were as many as 100.000of these giant animals swimming in the oceans before hunting of the blue whale began，while now there might be only a small number of the blue whale．
Although hunting the blue whale has been forbidden，with the females giving birth to only one young whale every two to three years and a gestation （怀孕） period lasting for as long as 11months，it doesn't help work out the problem．The World Conservation Union considers the species to be on the edge of dying out．
Oil spilled into the ocean prevents the blue whale's survival through stopping the whale from getting to the surface to"blast off"the waste air it keeps under the water because with the oil on the surface its skin will get covered and as a result，the whale's blowholes，through which it breathes，can be bloked by the oil．
With global warming，krill，which are very important in the Antarctic food chain，become fewer than before，leading to a damage in the food chain，while the damage of the food chain is one of reasons for the fall in the population of the blue whale．
The fishing ships and nets are also problems for the blue whale．Even if the blue whale has a large and strong body，it can be killed if hit by a stream ship or a fishing boat．And the nets that fishermen use can tangle the blue whale．
However，what's worse，the problems mentioned above aren't only for the blue whale．

64．What plays a key role in making the blue whale an endangered species？D
A．Global warming B．The oil pollution
C．Large ships and nets D．Human beings'hunting
65．Why is the problem still unsolved though hunting the blue whale has been forbidden？A
A．Because the blue whale produces only one baby every a few years．
B．Because the ocean becomes unfit for the blue whale to live in．
C．Because the protection for the blue whale is unsuccessful
D．Because the blue whale becomes too weak to survive
66．What trouble will the spilled oil cause for the blue whale？B
A．The blue whale will die if it drinks the oil
B．It makes the blue whale have difficulty feel sick
C．The smell of oil makes the blue whale feel sick
D．It causes serious disease for the blue whale
67．It can be inferred from the passage thatC
A．most of the ocean is seriously polluted by the spilled oil
B．human beings should raise krill to feed he blue whale
C．human beings'activities influence the sea life greatly
D．the blue whale should move to a new place to live．

10．The food we eat seems to have great effects on our health．Although science has made great steps in making food more fit to eat，it has，at the same time，made many foods unfit to eat．Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to diet as well．Different cultures are subject to certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures．That food is related to illness is not a new discovery．
In 1945，government researchers realized that nitrates（硝酸盐） and nitrites（亚硝酸盐），commonly used to keep color in meats，and other food additives，caused cancer．Yet，these additives remain in our food，and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels（标签） of processed food are helpful or harmful．The additives which we eat are not all so direct．Farmers often give penicillin to cows and chick and because of this，penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows．
Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medicinal purposes，but for financial reasons．The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market．Although the FDA has tried repeatedly to control these，the practices continue．

59．How has science done a bad service to mankind？C
A．Diseases caused by food have been done away with．
B．It has caused a lack of information about the value of food．
C．Some harmful materials have been added to our food．
D．Scientists have made food more expensive to eat．
60．What are nitrates used for？B
A．They help process packaged food．
B．They keep the color in meats．
C．They cure diseases of cows and chickens．
D．They cause the animals to become fatter．
61．Which of the following statements is NOT true？A
A．You can find out harmful additives on the packaging labels of food．
B．Drugs given to animals are not all for medical reasons．
C．Researchers knew about the harm of food additives about 60years ago．
D．Food may cause forty percent of cancer in the world．
62．According to the passage，the FDA might beA．
A．an organization which controls the safety of food
B．a producer which makes additives
C．a factory which processes food
D．a hospital which cures cancer．

9．Do you sometimes argue about what seems to you to be simple fact？Do you argue whether it's cold outdoors or whether the car in front of you is going faster than the speed limit？
If you get into such arguments，try to think about the story about the six blind men and the elephant．The first blind man who felt the elephant's trunk said it was like a snake．The second who felt the elephant's side said it was like a wall，while the third said it was like a spear as he touched the animal's tusk．The fourth，who caught hold of the elephant's tail insisted that it was like a rope．The fifth man said it looked like a tree as he put his arms around one of the elephant's legs．The sixth，who was tall and got hold of the elephant's ears，said it was like a huge fan．
Each man's idea of the animal came from his own experience．So if someone disagrees with you about a"simple fact"，it's often because his experience in the matter is different from yours．
To see how hard it is for even one person to make up his mind about a"simple fact"，try this simple experiment．Get three large bowls．Put ice water in one．Put hot water in the second．Put lukewarm water in the third．Now put your left hand in the ice water．Put your right hand in the hot water．After thirty seconds，put both hands in the lukewarm water．Your right hand will tell you the water is cold．Your left hand will tell you it's hot!

56．What makes people think about simple facts differently？B
A．The fact that simple facts differ from one another．
B．The fact that people have different experience in the simple facts．
C．The fact that people often disagree with one another．
D．The fact that it's hard to make up one's mind about simple facts．
57．The writer's advice isB．
A．we should never think about simple facts
B．we should never judge something with a one-sided view
C．we should not agree about simple facts
D．we must learn from the six blind men
58．After reading the last paragraph，we may think ofC．
A．Newton's law
B．Galileo's theory of falling objects
C．Einstein's Theory of Relativity
D．Marx's On Capital
59．The main idea of this passage isA．
A．people often judge something according to his own experience
B．people often agree about simple facts
C．it's hard for a person to make up his mind about a simple fact
D．you should not care too much about simple fact．

8．It might have been a really bad stressful day，feeling trapped inside by the cold and snow which surrounded us．My husband was the first to shift his consciousness．He dressed accordingly and announced that he was going outside to build a giant snowman．
At first he stood alone，piling massive amounts of snow．Soon after a neighbor joined in my husband's quest to embrace the opportunity the winter presented．Maintaining less than desirable attitudes，we reluctantly put on our snow gear（用具） and headed outside．It wasn't long before we were smiling and enjoying the abundance of snow that Mother Nature had provided．Others came to our yard one by one to give a hand in the making of our giant snowman．
In the end we all stood back and marveled at what we had created．He was eleven feet high，twenty-five feet around at the base and decorated with many household items supplied by various families．There he stood，our glorious，gigantic （巨人般的） snowman．
People drove by and smiled．Some even stopped to enjoy his existence．The spirit that went into creating him seemed to catch on and we all enjoyed it while the cold temperatures allowed．
With the passing of time，the spring made its way back into our yard and the snowman changed form considerably．In a final effort to save what we created for just a little bit longer somebody stopped by and changed the snowman's remains to look like a rabbit．
As I prepared for the start of another week，I decided to check my email before going to bed．I found a curious message that contained the subject line：enjoy the snowman．I decided to read the message even though I did not recognize who sent it．The words it contained melted my heart．
The email said：…your neighbor looks on in disbelief!I am sure you people are enjoying the sounds and smells，along with sights of spring．The energy displayed in Mr．Snowman or Ms，is filled with vigor and joyous energy．You and your family keep it up，as this is what the world needs now．Love sweet love．More power to you and your loved ones，keep sharing with the world around．
Perhaps it was more than snowman we built that day．I'd like to agree that it was．The message seems clear．Our circumstances will turn out to be what we make of them．The possibilities are endless and the choice is ours．

66．How did the author plan to spend that cold day at first？B
A．By having a busy day． B．By staying at home．
C．By building a snowman． D．By visiting neighbors．
67．The reason for her husband to make a snowman was thatC．
A．he had to please his neighbors
B．he was better at it than others
C．he wanted to cheer himself up
D．he must get the last chance before spring
68．From the passage we can know that the snowmanB．
A．was built only by the author's family
B．was surprisingly big in size
C．made people more forgiving
D．made building snowman popular
69．Which of the following statements on the email is not true？B
A．It was probably form a neighbor who didn't build the snowman that day
B．It was mainly written to share joys for the coming of spring
C．The writer of the email encouraged the author to keep being vigorous and joyous．
D．The author was deeply touched and inspired by its words．
70．According to the author，D．
A．there are many chances in our life
B．choices are more practical than possibilities
C．we must have our own ideas about our decision
D．we can determine our way of life through our choice．

7．The world of the science-fiction 3-D film Avatar is so perfect that the line between fact and fiction has become somewhat blurred （模糊）．
Movie-goers have admitted being annoyed by depression at not being able to visit the planet Pandora．Set in the future when Earth's resources have been used up，director James Cameron's film tells the story of a company trying to exploit a rare mineral on a new planet．The humans clash with the natives-a peace-loving race of 7-foot-tall，blue-skinned creatures called the Na'vi，who exist in perfect harmony with nature．
Fans have flooded the Internet with their confused feelings．On the site Avatar Forums （论坛），the topic"Ways to deal with the depression of the dream of Pandora not being able to come true"has more than 1，000posts．In a similar forum，Louis，one user，wrote："When I woke up this morning after watching Avatar for the first time yesterday，the world seemed grey．It just seems so meaningless．I still don't really see any reason to keep doing things at all．I live in a dying world．"On the Avatar site Naviblue，a fan calling himself Jorba has even asked others to join him in starting a real Na'vi tribe．
This fantasy world，with its wonderful plants and animal life，is brought to life by using impressive special effects．Many people believe that 2010is the breakthrough year for the technology helped by 3-D movies such as Avatar．"It has taken the best of our technology to create this  virtual world and real life will never be as perfect as it seems on screen．It makes real life seem more imperfect．"

66．What is the best title of the text？B
A．A blockbuster movie：Avatar
B．The Avatar effect：movie-goers feel depressed after watching Avatar
C.2010：a breakthrough year for.3-D movies
D．Pandora：a perfect world
67．We can infer that LouisB after watching the film Avatar．
A．will cherish his present life more
B．feels disappointed about the real world
C．will intend to create a real Na'vi tribe
D．is proud of living on the earth
68．Thanks to the success of Av'atar，A．
A.3-D technology will probably develop quickly in 2010
B．most people look forward to living on another planet
C．many more science-fiction films will be made in the coming years
D．people have become more realistic about life
69．The underlined word"virtual"probably meansA．
A．unreal      B．perfect
C．true      D．practical
70．According to the passage the natives on the planet areC．
A．not harmony with the nature
B．blue-haired race
C．peace-loving creatures
D．fond of fighting with human race．

6．"A survey was conducted in Shanghai where interviewees were asked if they wanted to be a factory worker．One percent of all people interviewed said"YES，"Wang Hongjun，a technician，said，raising his voice for dramatic effect．"But I can tell you，only a small part of that 1percent are telling the truth．"
I've met colorful people like Wang all over China．They are cynical （玩世不恭的） yet warmhearted，plain spoken but smart．And many of them are confined （局限于） to work in factories．
Wang is a top technician but also represents manual factory workers，who are China's most important natural resource．Their energy is powering China's economic boom，and their muscle is turning the wheel of the world's factory．
But does their unskilled labor give their life meaning？At school，did they tell their friends："When I grow up I want to work in a factory making socks？"Did you？
Factory work has always been a stepping-stone from farm life to the city and a modern life．It's been happening for centuries，but today，with our space-age technology，it's outdated．Earning 1，200yuan （$169）per month working in a factory is better than that on a farm，but as Wang points out，it's not a dream career．There should be better ways to earn your rice．
Many modern factories no longer have production line workers．Robots do the assembly （装配）．People just do the monitoring．In this age of technology，in which China is now working smarter and not just harder，why are people still standing in production lines？
But life is cheap in China．So why not continue to exploit the low-cost labor situation and keep the economy growing fast，some entrepreneurs may ask．
But have these businessmen ever labored in a factory？

61．How many people surveyed really like to be factory workers？C
A．One percent                               B．Only a small part
C．Only a small part of that one percent     D．The writer didn't mention it．
62．Which is NOT the writer's opinion of factory workers？B
A．cynical             B．unimportant
C．warmhearted         D．plain spoken
63．Wang Hongjun is a person who isC．
A．difficult to get along with
B．humorous but serious
C．cynical but warmhearted，plain spoken but smart
D．full of energy but doesn't want to work hard
64．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage？B
A．Factory workers make contributions to China's economic boom．
B．Working in a factory is better than that on a farm．
C．Factory workers are satisfied with their living conditions．
D．Some entrepreneurs exploited the low-cost labor situation．
65．The writer usesD to begin the passage．
A．a lot of figures      B．many examples
C．some dialogue         D．the result of a survey．

5．Some people may be born happy，while others are genetically negative，scientists have suggested in a study published late February in a British journal．
Earlier research had already established that the gene known as 5-HTTLPR plays a key role in determining how the neurotransmitter （神经传递素） serotonin works within the brain．Serotonin，a hormone （荷尔蒙），passes chemical messages between nerve cells．It has been closely linked to mood．Several anti-depressant （抗抑郁） drugs regulate serotonin levels．
Scientists had also identified three variants （变体） of the gene．Two so-called"short"variants were linked to a higher risk of depression and suicide （自杀） attempts．Unlike the two"short"variants，the"long"variant of 5-HTTLPR showed a clear dislike of negative images，such as fierce animals，and a clear liking for positive ones，such as flowers．
Researchers from the University of Essex in Britain showed participants a series of images，which were divided into three kinds：negative ones aimed at inspiring fear or stress such as a snake or person about to commit suicide，pleasant ones and neutral （中性的） ones．
The participants who had the long variant of the 5-HTTLPR gene"showed a clear dislike of negative material alongside a careful attention for positive material，"the researchers found．They paid close attention to the pretty pictures，and ignored the frightening ones．On the other hand，the short variant groups had the opposite reaction．
In January，the Australian government organized"happiness workshops"，teaching government staff how to be happy．The department that held the"happiness workshops"said unhappy staff weren't productive staff．
Australian political opposition parties have argued that the"happiness workshops"are probably a waste of money and couldn't increase productivity as intended．However，whether the workshop will have a happy or disappointing result，we will have to wait and see．

71．Various kinds of images were shown to the participants toC．
A．draw their attention
B．cater to their different tastes
C．find out about their reactions
D．teach them to improve their artistic appreciation
72．The"short"variants of 5-HTTLPR differ from the"long"variants of 5-HTTLPR in thatB．
A．the former is connected with positive mood while the latter negative
B．the former is connected with negative mood while the latter positive
C．the former has a greater effect on one's mood than the latter
D．the latter has a greater effect on one's mood than the former
73．Which of the following statements is true about"happiness workshops"？D
A．Most people believe that they are a waste of money．
B．They will be beneficial in the long run．
C．The purpose of"happiness workshops"is to teach all Australians to be happy．
D．They are organized in the belief that happy staff can work more efficiently．
74．It can be learned from the article thatA．
A．drugs can be used to control people's serotonin levels
B．happiness is more important than sadness
C．nothing can affect our mood
D．people with the short variant of 5-HTTLPR prefer a flower to a snake
75．The article is mainly aboutB．
A．the reason for the foundation of"happiness workshops"
B．the link between people's mood and their gene
C．the study on people's likes and dislikes
D．the differences in people's attitude towards life．

4．A new age is coming．Call it what you will：the service economy，the information age，the knowledge society．It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work．Already we're partly there，the percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World．Today the majority of jobs in America，Europe and Japan are in the service industry，and the number is on the rise．More women are in the work force than ever before．There are more part-time jobs．More people are self-employed．But the range of the economic transformation can't be measured by numbers alone，because it also is giving rise to important new way of thinking about the nature of work itself．Long-held ideas about jobs and careers，the skills needed to succeed，even the relation between individuals and employers-all these are being challenged．
We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead．No one looking ahead 20years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention，the chip，would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers，digital communications and factory robots．Tomorrow's achievements in biotechnology，artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes．But one thing is certain：information and knowledge will become even more valid，and the people who possess it，whether they work in manufacturing or services，will have the advantage and produce the wealth．Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write．The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else．If you cast your mind ahead 10years，information service will be superior．It will be the way you do your job．

66．A characteristic of the new age mentioned in the passage is thatC．
A．the service industry mainly relies on females
B．manufacturing industries are steadily increasing
C．more people are in the service industry than before
D．the work in the service industry is more comfortable than that in manufacturing industry
67．Which of the following is true according to the passage？A
A．People's traditional concepts about jobs need changing．
B．The relation between employees and employers is becoming tense．
C．More women than men are in the work force．
D．Part-time jobs are more welcome than full-time jobs．
68．By mentioning the invention of"the chip"，the author means to say thatC．
A．we haven't paid enough attention to the importance of high technology
B．the chip is the most important invention today
C．the power of science and technology is beyond our imagination
D．it's a great challenge to apply new inventions to our life
69．We may draw a conclusion from the passage thatA．
A．information will play a greater role in people's work and daily life in the future
B．we can foresee the future if technology develops fast enough
C．the ability of performing routine tasks gives you an advantage in work
D．robots will replace people to do all the work both in manufacturing and service industries
70．The author's attitude to the coming age isB．
A．doubtful B．enthusiastic
C．satisfied D．uncertain．

3．If  you are  interested  in  becoming  a  registered  nurse，you  are  most likely  aware that there are certain qualifications to become one．
Knowing the educational requirements to  be  a registered nurse  is the first step you   will  need  to take  in  your journey to  become  a  RN．  You will  need to  complete  a prescribed program  of study．The  education that the promising  registered  nurse  chooses  will depend on if he or she is interested in getting further education．
One of the most getting forms of education for registered nurses is an associate degree in  nursing  which takes  about two  years to  complete．  Other  RN  candidates  may  choose  a hospital diploma program where they take 30to 60hours worth of science classes and then take  many more hours of classes which are heavily focused on nursing．The diploma program usually  takes  a minimum of three years．  A diploma program meets the  basic  educational requirements to be a registered nurse．
Another choice is for the promising RN to get a Bachelor of Science degree in Nursing  from a university．Once a BSN degree is earned，it gives the person the opportunity to get  higher education opportunities in his or her field such as a Master's Degree or a PhD．
The registered nurse educational requirements can vary from state to state in America  as each state has its own laws and policies that govern the nursing profession．However，all  registered nurses must take some sort of licensing exam in order to become legally able to  practice in the registered nursing profession．
While 2to 3years of training is required，it is possible to make a good living from the salary that you can earn as a registered nurse．But be aware that the profession can be stressful．Some of the most stressful nursing positions are those in hospitals，particularly in the emergency rooms．Some less stressful jobs may include working in private practice where the hours will not be as long．

66．The main idea of this article is to talk aboutB
A．the most promising profession in the future
B．educational requirements to be a registered nurse
C．the nursing profession in different states
D．some useful information for future professions
67．According to this article，most people who want to be registered nurses prefer to go in forA．
A．an associate degree
B．a hospital diploma program
C．a Bachelor of Science degree
D．a Master's or a PhD's degree
68．It can be concluded from this article thatC．
A．a hospital diploma program takes the least time to finish compared with others
B．it's really not difficult for people to be educated to become registered nurses
C．registered nurses are not legal unless they take some sort of licensing exam
D．being a registered nurse is the most stressful profession in America
69．What's the writer's attitudes towards being a registered nurse？B
A．Subjective    B．Objective
C．Supportive   D．Opposing
70．If another paragraph is needed，it most probably deals withD
A．how the nursing profession is managed by the government
B．different forms of degrees for being a registered nurse‘
C．the advantages and disadvantages of being a registered nurse
D．discussion about the different types of registered nurses．

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