7．When international aid is given.steps must be taken to ensurethat the aid reaches the people for w——青夏教育精英家教网—

7．When international aid is given，steps must be taken to ensure（确保）that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended．The way to achieve this may not be simple．It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation．The United Nations Organization （UNO） could undertake to direct the distribution of aid．Here however rises the problem of costs．Also tied with this is time．Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes．
More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster，it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times．A common proverb says，"Give me a fish and I eat for a day，teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime．"If we follow this wise saying，it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves．For example，a country could share its technology with another．This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites．Even a small country is able to help less developed nations．Sometimes what is taken for granted，like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school，could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems．It does not cost much to share such simple things．Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site．They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back from time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves．Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands．
Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills．It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses．Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned，there is also the build-up of friendships to consider．Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies．However，in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge．

56．According to the author，how could international aid reach the victims in time？C
A．By solving the cost problems．
B．By solving the transportation problems．
C．By setting up a body of devoted people in every country．
D．By relying on the direct distribution of the UNO．
57．What does the author try to express in the underlined sentence？C
A．Providing food is vital．
B．Learning to fish is helpful．
C．Teaching skills is vital．
D．Looking after others is important．
58．The second paragraph is developed mainlyA．
A．by example         B．by process
C．by comparison       D．by contrast
59．Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands？D
A．A medical team．    B．An exchange program．
C．A water plant．      D．Financial support．
60．What can we infer about international aid from the passage？C
A．It is facing difficulties．
B．It is unnecessary during normal times．
C．It should be given in the form of materials．
D．It has gained support from developed countries．

6．Today，we complete our story about the influential English writer William Shakespeare．He wrote plays and poems during the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries，which remain very popular today．
During earlier times，people would probably have learned several ancient Roman and Greek plays．It was not unusual for writers to produce more current versions of these works．For example，in Shakespeare's play The Comedy of Errors Shakespeare borrowed certain details from the ancient Roman writer Plautus．For his play Macbeth，Shakespeare most likely used a work on Scottish history by Raphael Holinshed for information．Shakespeare might have borrowed from other writers，but the intensity（强度）of his imagination and language made the plays his own．While many plays by other writers of his time have been forgotten，Shakespeare and his art live on．
Shakespeare was also influenced by the world around him．He described the sights and sounds of London in his plays．His works include observations about political struggles，the fear of diseases，and the popular language of the city's tradesmen．Shakespeare's knowledge of the English countryside is also clear．His works include descriptions of deep forests，local flowers，and the ancient popular traditions of rural people．
It would be impossible to list all of the ways in which Shakespeare's works have influenced the world culture．But the first and greatest example would be his great influence on the English language．During his time，the English language was changing．Many new words from other languages were being added．Shakespeare used his sharp mind and poetic inventiveness to create hundreds of new words and rework old ones．For example，he created the noun forms of"critic"，"mountaineer"and"eyeball"．Many common expressions in English come from his plays，including"pomp and circumstance（装腔作势）"from Othello，"full circle（绕圈子地）"from King Lear，etc．The list of cultural creations influenced by Shakespeare is almost endless．From paintings to television to music and dance，Shakespeare was well represented．Shakespeare's plays have been translated into every major language in the world．
Shakespeare became a well-known writer during a golden age of theater．His years of hard work paid off．

63．What can we infer from the passage？A
A．Many of Shakespeare's works were influenced by earlier writings．
B．Shakespeare was hardworking when he was a student．
C．The experience of living in London helped a lot with Shakespeare's works．
D．Shakespeare became rich later because of the popularity of his works．
64．Shakespeare might have learnt some information from ancient Roman works inB．
A．King Lear B．The Comedy of Errors
C．Macbeth D．Othello
65．The passage is mainly aboutC．
A．an introduction to Shakespeare's life and his works
B．the main features and styles of Shakespeare's plays
C．how culture influenced Shakespeare and he influenced culture．
D．Shakespeare's greatest influence on the world culture．

5．When I was about 12，I had an enemy，a girl who liked to point out my flaws．Week by week her list  （71）grew （grow）：I was very thin，I talked too much，I was too proud，and so on．I tried to ignore this for so long as I could．In the end，though，I got very angry．I ran to my father  （72）with tears in my eyes．
He listened to me quietly，and then he asked．"Are the things she says true or not？Janet，haven't you ever wondered （73）what you're really like？Well，you now have that girl's opinion．Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true．Pay no attention to the other things she said．"
I did  （74）as he told me．To my great surprise，I discovered that about half the things were true．Some of them I couldn't change，but a good number I  （75）could．For the first time I got a fairly clear picture of myself．
I brought the list back to Daddy．He refused to take it．"That's just for you，"he said．"You know better than  （76）anyone/anybody else the true about yourself．But you have to learn to listen，not just close your ears in anger and  （77）feel（feel） hurt．When something someone says about you is true，you'll find it will be of help to you．Our world is full of people who think they know what you should do．Don't shut your ears．Listen to them all，（78）buthear the truth and do the right thing you know．"
Daddy's advice  （79）returned（return） to me at many important moments．In all my life，I've never had a  （80）better（good） piece of advice．

4．哺乳动物不同于以往所有的生命形态，因为它们能从体内生产出幼仔并给幼仔哺乳．
These animals weredifferentfromall life forms in the past，because theygavebirthto young baby animals and produced milk to feed them．

3．我正感到绝望几近放弃的时候，一艘海船发现了我．
I'd just aboutgivenmyselfup for lostwhen I wasspotted by a ship．

2．他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受到惩罚．
He could nothaveYonghuigettingawaywithtelling people lies！

1．最富生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、盼来春天的日子．
The mostenergeticand important festivals are the ones thatlookforwardto the end of winter and to the coming of spring．

20．Allen goes everywhere with Brigitta Anderson，a 54year-old secretary．He moves around her office at work and goes shopping with her．"Most people don't mind Allen，"says Brigitta，who thinks  he  is wonderful．"He is my fourth child，"she says．She may think of him and treat him that way，buying him delicious food，paying his health bills and his taxes，but in fact Allen is only a dog．
Brigitta and Allen live in Sweden，a country where everyone is expected to lead an orderly life according to the rules laid down by the government，which also provides a high level of care for its people．Yet，this level of care costs a lot of money．
People in Sweden pay taxes （税） on everything，so they aren't surprised to find that owning a dog means some more taxes．Some people are paying as much as 500Sweden kronor in taxes a year for the right to keep their dogs．Money from dog taxes is spent by the government on dog hospitals and sometimes medical treatment for a dog that falls ill．However，such a treatment is expensive，so dog owners often decide to pay health insurance （保险） and some even buy life insurance for their dogs．
In Sweden，dog owners must pay for any damage their dogs do．A Swedish kennel （养狗场） club official explains what this means：if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car，you，as the owner，have to pay for any damage done to the car，even if your dog has been killed in the accident．

21．What is the passage about？B
A．Owning dogs is not allowed in Sweden．
B．Owning dogs costs a lot more in Sweden．
C．You are required to pay life insurance for your dog by law if you own one in Sweden．
D．Allen is a good dog．
22．The money paid as dog taxes is used toC．
A．keep a high level of care for people
B．pay for any damage done by dogs
C．provide medical care for dogs
D．buy insurance for dog owners
23．From the text it can be inferred that in SwedenA．
A．people care much about dogs
B．dogs are not allowed to go out without their owners
C．many car accidents are caused by dogs
D．dogs are not welcome in public places
24．If a dog causes a car accident and gets killed，who should pay for the damage done to the car？B
A．The owner of the car．        B．The owner of the dog．
C．The insurance company．       D．The government．
25．What does the underlined word"he"in the first paragraph refer to？D
A．Brigitta．           B．Secretary．
C．Anderson．           D．Allen．

19．More students than ever before are taking a gap year（间隔年） before going to university．It used to be the"year off"between school and university．The gap-year phenomenon originated（起源） with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year．
This year，25310students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year，according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service （UCAS）．
That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year．Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education．"Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with，and complete，their chosen course．Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible，"he said．
But not everyone is happy．Owain James，the president of the National Union of Students （NUS），argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship-young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education．"New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to￡15，000in debt．It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree．NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods，"he said．

32．What do we learn about the gap year from the text？D
A．It is flexible in length．
B．It is a time for relaxation
C．It is required by universities
D．It is increasingly popular
33．According to Tony Higgins．students taking a gap yearA．
A．are better prepared for college studies
B．know a lot more about their future job
C．are more likely to leave university in debt
D．have a better chance to enter top universities
34．How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon？B
A．He's puzzled B．He's worried
C．He's surprised D．He's annoyed
35．What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics？A
A．Earn money for their education
B．Make plans for the new term
C．Attend additional courses．
D．Prepare for their graduate studies．

18．It was the summer of 1965．DeLuca，then 17，visited Peter Buck，a family friend．Buck asked DeLuca about his plans for the future．"I'm going to college，but I need a way to pay for it，"DeLuca recalled saying．"Buck said‘you should open a sandwich shop．'"
That afternoon，they agreed to be partners．And they set a goal：to open 32stores in ten years．After doing some research，Buck wrote a check for﹩1，000．DeLuca rented a storefront（店面） in Connecticut，and when they couldn't cover their start-up costs，Buck kicked in another﹩1，000．
But business didn't go smoothly as they expected．DeLuca says，"After six months，we were doing poorly，but we didn't know how badly，because we didn't have any financial controls．"All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs．
DeLuca was managing the store and going to the University of Bridgeport at the same time．Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York．They'd meet Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running．"We convinced ourselves to open a second store．We figured we could tell the public．‘We are so successful，we are opening a second store．'"And they did-in the spring of 1966．Still，it was a lot of learning by trial and error．
But the partners‘learn-as-you-go'approach turned out to be their greatest strength．Every Friday，DeLuca would drive around and hand-deliver the checks to pay their suppliers．"It probably took me two and a half hours and it wasn't necessary，but as a result，the suppliers got to know me very well，and the personal relationships established really helped out．"DeLuca said．And having a goal was also important．"There are so many problems that can get you down．You just have to keep working toward your goal．"DeLuca added．
DeLuca ended up founding Subway sandwich，the multimillion-dollar restaurant chain．

28．DeLuca opened the first sandwich shop in order toB．
A．support his family
B．pay for his college education
C．help his partner expand business
D．do some research
29．Which of the following is true of Buck？A
A．He put money into the sandwich business．
B．He was a professor of business administration．
C．He was studying at the University of Bridgeport．
D．He rented a storefront for DeLuca．
30．What can we learn about their first shop？C
A．It was located in an unfavorable place．
B．It lowered the prices to promote sales．
C．It made no profits due to poor management．
D．It lacked control over the quality of sandwiches．
31．What contributes most to their success according to the author？A
A．Learning by trial and error．
B．Making friends with suppliers．
C．Finding a good partner．
D．Opening chain stores．

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