Filmmaker Jennifer Nelson had to pay $1,500 to have “Happy Birthday to You” sung in the movie she’s making. The money went to Warner Music Group, a company that claims to own the copyright on the song. A copyright is the legal right to use or sell a creative product such as a song, a TV show, a book, or a work of art. Warner has claimed the copyright for “Happy Birthday to You” since 1988.

“I never thought the song was owned by anyone,” Nelson said in an e-mail to The New York Times. “I thought it belonged to everyone.”

Nelson’s movie is a documentary（纪录片）— a film that uses pictures and/or interviews with people to create a factual report of real-life events — and is actually about the history of the “Happy Birthday” song itself.

Two sisters named Mildred and Patty Hill wrote a song called “Good Morning to All” in 1893. Over a short period of time, people began to sing the words “happy birthday to you” in place of the original lyrics to the tune of the Hill sisters’ song.

A number of history experts say that there is no record of who actually wrote the “Happy Birthday to You” lyrics（歌词）. Historians also say there is no way to know when the general public began singing the “Happy Birthday” song, but they believe it was being sung by the public long before it was printed and owned by a company.

Nelson’s lawyers say this piece of music’s history proves that “Happy Birthday to You” belongs to everyone in the general public. That would mean Warner Music Group has no right to charge anyone a fee to sing the song in any setting.

Experts estimate that Warner/ Chappell, the publishing division of the Warner Music Group, has made about $2 million a year from licensing fees for “Happy Birthday to You.”

Nelson’s lawyers are asking a court in New York City to order Warner/Chappell to return fees they have collected over the past four years for use of the “Happy Birthday” song.

1.Jennifer Nelson had to pay Warner Music Group to ____________.

A. own the copyright on a song

B. have it write a song for her movie

C. have it play a song in her movie

D. have a song sung in her movie

2.The history experts’ statement can prove that the “Happy Birthday” song ____________.

A. does not belong to Warner Music Group

B. has more than 200 years’ history

C. was initially owned by another company

D. has always been very popular

3.According to Nelson’s lawyers, to sing the “Happy Birthday” song, people ____________.

A. should pay the Hill sisters

B. should pay Warner Music Group

C. need not pay for any purpose

D. need not pay except for commercial use

4.If the court supports Nelson’s lawyers’ claim, ____________.

A. she can obtain the copyright on the song

B. Warner will return about $8 million

C. Warner will have to pay her for her damages

D. she only needs to pay a little money to use the song

Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons—for example, economic(经济的) reasons—why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed?

In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own hometown of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate(影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area.

It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative(保守的) and do not like change.

Although we have to respect people's feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward. If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice.

1.What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?

A. Some of them are not attractive.

B. Most of them are too expensive to preserve.

C. They are more pleasing than modern buildings.

D. They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area.

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the author?

A. We should reproduce the same old buildings.

B. Buildings should not dominate their surroundings.

C. No one understands why people speak against new buildings.

D. Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in.

3.By “move things forward”in the last paragraph, the author probably means “_________”．

A. destroy old buildings

B. choose new architectural style

C. put things in a different place

D. respect people's feelings for historical buildings

4.What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain why people dislike change.

B. To warn that we could end up living in caves.

C. To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas.

D. To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

German doctors have warned that headbanging(随音乐猛烈摇头晃脑) could be bad for you. Headbanging is a dance from heavy metal music. Dancers shake their heads backwards1. _____ forwards, from side to side, very 2._____(quick). Doctors say the dance could lead to brain injury. They once 3._____(treat) a 50-year-old heavy metal fan. His headbanging led to brain damage. The man had no history of head injuries but had been headbanging for many years. The doctors say the risk of brain damage from headbanging4. _____(be) low, so heavy metal fans 5._____ not need to stop doing the dance.

The man had bad headaches 6._____ going to a concert. He had a brain scan at a hospital. Doctors found bleeding inside his brain. He had an 7._____ (operate) to repair the damage. Doctors drilled a hole in his brain8. _____(release) the blood. Two months later, his headaches disappeared. The head doctor said:” We are not against headbanging. The risk of injury is very, very low. If our patient _9.____ (go) to a classical concert, this would not have happened.” He said heavy metal fans should carry on dancing, 10.____(say):“ Rock’n’roll will never die. Heavy metal fans should rock on.”

完成句子。

1.Not only did it _______ us _______ to nature and give us _______ from heavy school work., it also _______ the friendship among us.

它不仅让我们更接近自然，从繁重的学业中得到放松，也促进了我们之间的友谊。

2.These days, _______ traffic rules and _______ are not _______, _______ serious harm to life and environment. Changing this situation _______ _______ effort on the part of everyone.

近来，违反交通规则和扔垃圾很普遍，造成了对生活和环境的严重危害。改变这种情况需要每个人极大的努力。

3.And third, _______ _______ about your future. Such a _______ _______ towards life can be helpful in _______ your _______.

第三，对未来保持乐观。这样的一种对生活的积极态度有助于提高我们的情绪。

4._______ too much on mouse clicking makes us lazier and less _______ both _______and _______.

过于依赖点击鼠标使我们更懒惰，在精神上和身体上更少创造性。

书面表达

每个人都有度过空余时间的不同方式，是业余锻炼，阅读，购物还是其他什么?这种度过业余时间的方式有什么益处？请以My way of spending my free time 为题写一篇短文。

1. 词数 100 左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

—How was your recent trip to Jiuzhaigou?

—I’ve never had one before.

A. a tired B. a more tiring

C. a most tiring D. the most tired

一Can I have the document right now?

一Of course．Wait a minute and I ’ll have my secretary it for you.

A．to print B．printing

C．printed D．print

Now more and more workers ______their free time trying to improve themselves at school or college.

A. take B. cost C. spend D. pay

It's quite warm here; we ________ turn the heating on yet.

A．needn’t B．mustn't

C．couldn’t D．wouldn't

—Have you some new ideas?

—Yeah. I’ll tell you later.

A. come about B. come up

C. come out with D. come up with