Filmmaker Jennifer Nelson had to pay $1,500 to have “Happy Birthday to You sung in the movie she’s making. The money went to Warner Music Group, a company that claims to own the copyright on the son 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Filmmaker Jennifer Nelson had to pay $1,500 to have “Happy Birthday to You” sung in the movie she’s making. The money went to Warner Music Group, a company that claims to own the copyright on the song. A copyright is the legal right to use or sell a creative product such as a song, a TV show, a book, or a work of art. Warner has claimed the copyright for “Happy Birthday to You” since 1988.

“I never thought the song was owned by anyone,” Nelson said in an e-mail to The New York Times. “I thought it belonged to everyone.”

Nelson’s movie is a documentary（纪录片）— a film that uses pictures and/or interviews with people to create a factual report of real-life events — and is actually about the history of the “Happy Birthday” song itself.

Two sisters named Mildred and Patty Hill wrote a song called “Good Morning to All” in 1893. Over a short period of time, people began to sing the words “happy birthday to you” in place of the original lyrics to the tune of the Hill sisters’ song.

A number of history experts say that there is no record of who actually wrote the “Happy Birthday to You” lyrics（歌词）. Historians also say there is no way to know when the general public began singing the “Happy Birthday” song, but they believe it was being sung by the public long before it was printed and owned by a company.

Nelson’s lawyers say this piece of music’s history proves that “Happy Birthday to You” belongs to everyone in the general public. That would mean Warner Music Group has no right to charge anyone a fee to sing the song in any setting.

Experts estimate that Warner/ Chappell, the publishing division of the Warner Music Group, has made about $2 million a year from licensing fees for “Happy Birthday to You.”

Nelson’s lawyers are asking a court in New York City to order Warner/Chappell to return fees they have collected over the past four years for use of the “Happy Birthday” song.

1.Jennifer Nelson had to pay Warner Music Group to ____________.

A. own the copyright on a song

B. have it write a song for her movie

C. have it play a song in her movie

D. have a song sung in her movie

2.The history experts’ statement can prove that the “Happy Birthday” song ____________.

A. does not belong to Warner Music Group

B. has more than 200 years’ history

C. was initially owned by another company

D. has always been very popular

3.According to Nelson’s lawyers, to sing the “Happy Birthday” song, people ____________.

A. should pay the Hill sisters

B. should pay Warner Music Group

C. need not pay for any purpose

D. need not pay except for commercial use

4.If the court supports Nelson’s lawyers’ claim, ____________.

A. she can obtain the copyright on the song

B. Warner will return about $8 million

C. Warner will have to pay her for her damages

D. she only needs to pay a little money to use the song

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______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.

A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Could

短文改错

假定英语课上英语老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中至多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词。

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Today I visited the Smiths — my first time visit to a American family. They live in a small peacefully town. It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home. The Smiths did their best to make me feel at home. They offered myself coffee and other drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing together. They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year.

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Not long before, my daughter's shoes were scratched with a knife．She burst into ________I took them to the shoemaker to get them ________．

The young apprentice （学徒） glanced at the ________and said, "Nothing I can do except replace the upper．" His master looked at them and said to me, "If you ________ me, I will add more scratches on both of the shoes．"

I was ________ and asked why．

He explained, "As if the openings were made ________ for the sake of special style and reuse．"

I didn’t fully understand him ,but I decided to leave the shoes.

Two days later ,I dropped by from work to collect the shoes. I found there were indeed more scratches on ________shoe, all the openings were patched (打补丁）by soft red leather with edges sewed by thick thread, ________ more unique and interesting than ever．I couldn't help but________ the master's skill．

Another time, my wife's sister's white blouse had been torn, leaving a large opening on the back．My wife checked the blouse ________ , and then said, "Let me take it home and ________t．"

Three days later, seeing the blouse again, I was shocked: all the torn parts had been sewed up by thin and _______ thread and they _______ a look of ice crystal （冰晶） hanging from a winter's branch．_______ , she had attached a snowman and a cabin made of flowery cotton rags onto the shirt．I _______with praise, "It's just as beautiful as a piece of _______ !"

"I was inspired by that craftsman．Patches are supposed to be _______, but a skillful craftsman can make it take on a kind of perfection," replied my wife．

Her words inspired me even more: Perfection is _______ to achieve in everything; Patches are unavoidable, so is human's life．Since you can't _______ the existence of wound, you should not expect people's sympathy by exposing the wound, which reveals nothing meaningful．Just sew the wound by patches and produce a most beautiful flower on it, and this is the _______ of life.

1.A．laughter B．cheers C．tears D．speech

2.A．made B．repaired C．decorated D．preserved

3.A．Anything B．Something C．Everything D．Nothing

4.A．trust B．inform C．appoint D．convince

5.A．annoyed B．confused C.disappointed D．discouraged

6.A．on purpose B．by accident C．in vain D．beyond control

7.A．neither B．any C．every D．each

8.A．remaining B．growing C．looking D．feeling

9.A．appreciate B．witness C．praise D．describe

10.A．delivered B．checked C．washed D．ironed

11.A．outside B．downtown C．home D．abroad

12.A．red B．white C．pink D．purple

13.A．took on B．put on C．decided on D．focused on

14.A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Anyway D．Besides

15.A．sighed B．signed C．greeted D．paused

16.A．cake B．art C．furniture D．jewellery

17.A．pretty B．attractive C．tough D．ugly

18.A．easy B．improper C．likely D．impossible

19.A．change B．imagine C．stand D．prove

20.A．respect B．friendship C．sympathy D．apology

—How was your recent trip to Jiuzhaigou?

—I’ve never had one before.

A. a tired B. a more tiring

C. a most tiring D. the most tired

John sent his mother expensive presents on his mother's birthday every year. He liked to show her how rich he was. "I must find something wonderful for her, and it must be the only one in the whole world. Then my mother must be very happy.” John thought. He advertised (登广告) in the newspapers. “Wanted—the best present for the woman who has everything. "

For many days his telephone did not stop ringing. People phoned him from all over the world. They wanted to sell him "the best present". But they did not have anything that was the only one in the whole world.

Then less than a week before his mother's birthday, a man came to his office. He was carrying a cage, and in the cage there was a large bird.

"This bird, "the man said, "can speak ten languages and sing any pop song. There is no other bird like it in the world. "

"I will listen to it, "John said. “If what you said is true, I will buy the bird from you.”

The man spoke to the bird. "Talk to me in French, " he said. The bird spoke to him in French. "Tell me a joke in Japanese, " he said. The bird told him a joke in Japanese. "Sing a famous pop song, "he said. The bird sang a famous pop song.

"I'll buy it, "John said. "How much do you want?"

"One hundred thousand dollars, "the man said. This was a lot of money but John paid him. Then he sent the bird to his mother with a birthday card.

The day after his mother's birthday he phoned her. "Well, mother, "he said, "Is the bird wonderful?"

"Oh, it was delicious, dear, "she said.

1.Why did John send her mother expensive presents for her birthday every year?

A. Because he loved his mother very much.

B. Because his mother needed these presents.

C. Because he wanted to show he had a lot of money.

D. Because he was the richest man in the world.

2.How did people know John wanted the best present in the world?

A. They rang John up.

B. They knew it from the newspapers.

C. John phoned them one by one.

D. They knew it on TV.

3.Why did John pay the man a lot of money for the bird?

A. Because it was such a beautiful bird.

B. Because he wanted to help the poor man with the bird.

C. Because the bird could look after his mother.

D. Because he thought the bird could make his mother happy.

4.What does the sentence "It was delicious, "really mean in the story?

A. His mother ate the bird.

B. His mother let the bird fly away.

C. His mother began to learn languages from the bird.

D. His mother thought it was the most expensive present in the world.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Building Trust in a Relationship Again

Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 1. Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.

Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been suffer from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore. 2. It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.

3. Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.

4. If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.

You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 5. Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.

A. Learn to really trust yourself.

B. It is putting confidence in someone.

C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.

E. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.

F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

G. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.

任务型阅读,请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

ID systems are used as a means for people to prove their identity, as a means of access control, or for many other situations. ID cards also contain a lot more information than simply the name of the holder. All ID cards contain information that is relevant to the institution that released them, so there is no single model that applies to all ID cards.

Different institutions have different rules when it comes to ID cards, and ID cards used by students, in universities, will not have the same security features as those used in the military, for example. The more important the institution is, the more important the security is, and the more security features will be used to prevent duplication(复制) of an ID card.

Anyone with a printer that can print ID cards can duplicate in ID card, if it does not have any security measures. There have been lots of cases, especially in low security institutions, where ID cards have been duplicated and this was not noticed, since the person holding the card usually flashed it when it was requested, and that was not enough to notice that it is a fake.

That may not be extremely important when it is simply a case of a student trying to enter the campus of another university, but it can be of vital importance if it happens in a military institution. Checks in military institutions are much stricter and the personnel checking the card are always trained to spot fakes in a short amount of time.

Some may think that creating an ID card is extremely difficult, but it is not. All it takes is a special printer that can print ID cards, a model and a photo ID. The fact that such printers can be freely ordered online has raised security issues with lots of companies and institutions, and most have decided to either create their own ID cards, or simply use more advanced security features that regular home-users do not have access to. This includes magnetic stripes(磁条), chips, barcodes(条形码),and other methods. This does increase the cost of the card per person, so the total cost of the cards increases based on the number of employees the company has, but it also reduces security risks to a minimum.

So ID systems, as basic as they seem, are an excellent security measure for any institution. To ensure that the IDs look good and function properly, the company that handles the card printing services should be top-class. Trying to save some money by choosing a cheaper provider is not really wise. While some companies offer bonuses for large orders, if the quality provided is not of the highest standard, it is not worth it.

ID systems
Passage outline	Supporting details
1.______ to ID system	There is not a single model 2._____ to all ID cards because of different information contained in different ID cards. Different security features are decided by the degree of the 3.____ of the institutions
Security features of ID cards	With no security measures quite a lot of 4.______ of ID card duplication have happened. In a military institution ID cards are 5._____ more strictly
6._______ of ID cards	It is not7.______ to make ID cards with special printers. Using magnetic stripes, chips and barcodes8.______ the safety of ID cards.
The author’s advice	9._______ basic and simple, ID systems are an excellent security measure. It’s wise to 10._____ top-class providers or services to ensure ID cards of a fine quality.

“The really big concern over the last decade,” according to Dr. David Whitehead, “is the relative loss of opportunities for children to engage in child-led play.” That's true. One of the exhausting aspects of modern parenting is that everything, even doing nothing, has to be purposeful. Now that “parenting” has become a verb — a state of doing, rather than simply being — it can fed unnatural to leave your children to their own devices. Yet it creates spaces in which good things can happen. The psychology lecturer is responding to a survey showing that 80 percent of parents of small children feel under pressure to fill their days with “structured” activities. This, says Dr. Whitehead, is a mistake. Leaving your children to play on their own or with their peers enables them to develop “self-regulation abilities”, which in turn leads to better academic achievement.

One afternoon last autumn, sitting on a bench doing no parenting at all, I suddenly felt I was getting the hang of it.

That afternoon, my sister and I took our children to the park. We had lots to talk about, so we sat down on a bench and drove the children away. After briefly complaining, the cousins wandered off and started jumping into puddles (水洼).

They jumped and jumped, and then one of them kicked some muddy water at the others. My sister and I, deep in conversation, didn't notice this. So my nephew became more adventurous. He scooped up a handful of mud and threw it on my son's head. My son caught his breath happily, wiped the mud out of his eyes, and threw one back. My nephew, who has a talent for naming things, puffed out his tiny chest and roared: “Let's play Muddikins!”

The rules of Muddikins are simple. You run around throwing mud at each other until everyone is so thickly coated that you can no longer be sure which child is whose. Nothing is learnt from it; nobody is improved. It is pure fun, of the sort that can only happen when parents drop the reins (缰绳). They did it. “ Whoa, that's so cool,” said one. “I wish my mum was like you.”

1.What is stressed in Paragraph 1?

A. Child-led play matters in the development of children.

B. Parents' concern over their children is unnecessary.

C. Children's activities should be well organized.

D. Parenting is everything in a family.

2.What does the author think of the behavior of the children in the puddles?

A. Amazing. B. Troublesome.

C. Adventurous. D. Worthwhile.

3.By saying “They did it” in the last paragraph, the author means that ______.

A. The reins were dropped.

B. She failed to distinguish her child.

C. The children learned from the Muddikins.

D. She confirmed Dr. David Whitehead's theory.

4.The text is mainly about the relationship between _____.

A. parents and children

B. individual and group

C. play and acquisition

D. theory and practice

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