Do you find 1       (get) up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness,but Dr. Kleitman has a new 2       (explain) . He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.

During the hours when you devote to your work you may say that you're "hot". That's true. The time of day when you feel most 3       ( energy) is when your cycle of body temperature is 4        its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it 5        in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so,but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: "Get up,John!You'll be late for work again!" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature and energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean,and which cycle each member of the family has.

You can't change your energy cycle,but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help. Maybe your're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay 6        late anyway. Counteract (乂于抗) your cycle to some extent 7        habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day,rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle,but you'll get up steam (鼓足干劲) and work better at your low point.

Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before 8       (put) your feet on the floor. 9       (avoid) the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible,do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks 10       (require) more energy of concentration for your sharper hours.

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6.         7.                8.                  9.          10.         

The typical conversation between Americans takes a form that can be called repartee (机灵的回答) . 1       Speakers take turns frequently,often after only a few sentences have been spoken. " Watching a conversation between two Americans is like watching a table tennis game," a British observer said. "Your head goes back and forth and back and forth so fast that it almost makes your neck hurt."

2       Such people are said to " talk too much". Many Americans have difficulty paying attention to someone who speaks more than a few sentences at a time,as Nigerians,Arabs,and some others do. 3       Americans engage in little ritual interaction (礼节性的交流) .Only a few ritual greetings are common："How are you?" "I'm fine,thank you. " "Nice to meet you. " and "Hope to see you again."These things are said in certain situations Americans learn to recognize,and,like any ritual greetings,are concerned more with form than with substance. That is,4       ， no matter what the people involved are feeling or what they really have in mind. In many Americans' opinions,5      ，unwilling to show their true natures and ideas.

Americans are generally impatient with long ritual greetings about family members' health―common among Latin Americans―considering them a waste of time.

   A. No one speaks for very long.

   B. the questions are supposed to be asked and the statements are supposed to be made in particular situations

   C. Americans admire being straight,or what they call " getting to the point".

   D. there are only limited number of ritual interactions in American conversations

   E. Americans tend to be impatient with people who take long turns.

   F. Only smart people may speak with the Americans freely.

   G. people who rely heavily on ritual greetings are “too shy" or “ too polite"

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Millions of Americans return from longdistance trips by air,but their luggage doesn't always come home with him.

Airline identification tags can come loosely,and the bags go who-knows-where.

Amazing,some people never pick out their luggage at airport baggage claim carousels (传送带) .And passengers leave all kinds of things on planes.

The airlines collect the items and,for 90 days,attempt to find their owners. If they have no luck,they literally left holding the bags of thousands of travelers. They don't keep them,so they're not in the warehouse business. And for law,they cannot sell the bags,because the airlines might be tempting to deliberately misplace luggage.

So once insurance companies have paid for lost bags and their contents,and they no longer belong passengers,a unique store in the little town of Scottsboro,Alabama,buying them.

Charles Dickens,the famous English novelist,wrote a great 1        books. He had a cat 2        which he was very fond. She was a fine Persian cat with pure white fur. One evening,as he was absorbed in 3       (read) one of his favorite books 4       a candlelight,the candle suddenly went 5       . He was surprised,but took a match,6       (strike) it,and lighted the candle again,and once more sat down to read. You can imagine his 7       (astonish) when he again found himself in complete 8       (dark) . He looked around the room,lighted the candle again,and began to read once more. After a while he stopped and looked up. He saw that his cat was trying to put out the light with her paw. The cat's 9       (intend) was quite clear to him―she wanted him to stop reading and play with her for a while. Of course he did this,and besides he gave her some milk. The cat was quite contented. She went over and curled herself 10       a ball on the sofa to take a nap. Then Dickens continued to read,and this time the cat did not interrupt him again.

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6.         7.         8.                  9.          10.         

The storm of abuse in the popular press that greeted the appearance of Webster's Third New International Dictionary is a curious phenomenon. 1       The New York Times,in a special editorial,felt that the work would "accelerate the deterioration" of the language and seriously accused the editors of betraying a public trust. The Journal of the American Bar Association saw the publication as "a serious blow to the cause of good English".

2       Just what's a dictionary for? What does the common reader go to a dictionary to find?

The demands are simple. 3       He wants to know what is current and respectable. But he wants―and has a right to―the truth,the full truth. And the full truth about any language is that there are many areas in which certainty is impossible and simplification is misleading.

Even in so settled a matter as spelling,a dictionary cannot always be absolute. 4       And so are traveled and travelled,plow and plough,catalog and catalogue,and scores of other variants. The reader may want a single certainty. He may demand that the dictionary "settle" the matter. 5       And the fact here is that there are many words in our language which may be spelled,with equal correctness,in either of two ways.

But one thing is certain：anyone who seriously announces in the year 1962 that he will be guided in matters of English usage by a dictionary published in 1934 is talking ignorant and pretentious nonsense.

   A. Such evaluation requires us to examine basic principles.

   B. But this is not the concern of the dictionary's; it must record the facts.

   C. Never has a scholarly work of this importance been attacked with such extreme anger and contempt.

   D. As a reader,he wants to know what an author intended to convey.

   E. The common reader turns to a dictionary for information about the spelling,pronunciation,meaning,and proper use of words.

   F. Theater is correct,but so is theatre.

   G. The new dictionary has many faults.

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The creation of the national Thanksgiving holiday resulted in the efforts of one woman,Sarah Josepha Hale. In the early 1800s,she began a campaign to official establish the holiday. Ms. Hale was a writer. She wrote stories about a national day of Thanksgiving in a publication for women. As with part of her campaign,she wrote many letters to public officials,included American presidents. She urged him to support her idea for a national Thanksgiving holiday.

Support for her idea grows slowly. Finally,in 1863,President Abraham Lincoln declared the last Thursday November a national holiday of Thanksgiving. At that time,the United States were fighting a civil war. President Lincoln liked the idea of a holiday would also celebrate national unity.

Later,Congress declared that the holiday would be celebrated every year on the four Thursday in November.

King Alfred of England once led his army to fight with another army and 1       (beat) . So he had to run away through the 2       (wood) and swamps to save his life.

One evening he came to a woodcutter's hut. He was very tired and hungry,3       he begged the woodcutter's wife to give him something to eat and a place to sleep in. He was 4      (rag) and dirty and she did not know that he was the king. She felt so sorry 5        him that she told him to come in and gave him a seat near the fire.

She was baking some cakes. She said to King Alfred, "I must go and6       (milk) the cow. Watch the cakes and do not let them burn. " The king was willing to do this,but he kept 7       (think) about his army and soon forgot all about the cakes. 8       a few minutes the woman came back and found the cakes 9       ( burn) . She was so angry that she 10       (strike) the king with a stick and cried , " You lazy fellow!You want to eat,but you do not want to work."

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April is National Poetry Month in the United States. The Academy of American Poets started the celebration in 1996. The goal was to help more Americans add poetry to their lives.

The academy chose April as National Poetry Month because of a line in a poem. 1       And many Americans think April is the crudest month because they must pay their income taxes by April 15th.

National Poetry Month brings together publishers,booksellers,poetry groups,libraries,schools and poets around the country. 2       In the southern state of Florida,the Miami Poetry Festival tries to bring a poem to everyone of the 2. 5 million people who live in the area. The group has dropped poems out of airplanes,sewn them into clothes,and put them on every bus in the city.

Poetry is very popular in the United States. America even has a chief poet,known as the Poet Laureate. Robert Pinsky was the Poet Laureate from 1997 until 2000. 3       He chose 200 poems by poets from the United States and from many other countries. The poems are included in a book called Americans' Favorite Poems.4       Robert Frost was perhaps the most popular and beloved one of American poets in the twentieth century. 5       He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry four times. He often wrote about the land and people of the northeastern American states. His poems combine images of nature with ideas about how to live one's life.

   A. It was edited by Robert Pinsky and Maggie Dietz.

   B. T. S. Eliot called April "the cruelest month" in his poem The Waste Land.

   C. Thousands of Americans wrote to Mr. Pinsky about their favorite poems.

   D. He started the Favorite Poem Project,to find out which poems Americans liked best.

   E. His work often spoke plainly about the difficult lives of black people living in big cities.

   F. So it is not surprising that six of his poems are included in the book Americans' Favorite Poems.

   G. They encourage people to write,read,and listen to poetry.

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A man and his son were driving their donkey along a country road. They saw some girls 1      (draw) water at a well.

One of the girls said, "Oh,look!2      silly they are!A man and a boy are walking along beside their donkey,and 3      is riding it."

The man heard this and said to his son, "You had better ride our donkey. You are light,4       you will not tire our donkey. " 5       a little while they met three old men. One of them said , " See here!The boy is riding a donkey and his old father is walking 6        his side. The young boy does not take care of his old father."

And the man got on the donkey and his son walked along beside it. Then a mother with her child saw them. The mother said, " 7       a terrible father!He rides the donkey,and his little son walks."The man then told his son to climb up on the donkey with him. The two passed by a field. A farmer saw them.

The farmer said , " Look at that poor donkey!How selfish those two are!They have strong legs. They should be 8       (shame) ."

The two then lifted it to their 9       (shoulder) and carried it along to the town. When they came to a bridge,everyone laughed at them. And the donkey did not like the noise and began to kick. It broke the rope,fell into the water and 10       (drown) . So the old man had to take his son and go home. The man said to his son, "He who tries to please everybody pleases nobody after all."

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