题目内容

7.In 1955,a man named Raymond Kroe entered a partnership with two brothers named McDonald.They opened a popular restaurant in California which sold food that was easy to prepare and serve quickly.Ha mburgers French fries,and cold drinks were the main food there.Kroc opened similar eating places under the same name,"McDonald's",and they were an instant success.He later took over the company,and today it is one of the most famous and successful"fast-food"in America and round the world.
Why was his idea so successful?Probably the most important reason was that his timing was right.In the 1950s,most married women stayed home to keep house and take care of their children.In the 1960s,many women returned to the workplace.This me ant that they had less time or energy to prepare meals,so they spent more on"TV dinners"and fast-food restaurants.Single parents also have little time to spend in the kitchen.People living alone also depend on this type of food,since cooking for one is often more trouble than it is worth.
Fast-food is not part of the diet of all Americans.Another trend of the 1960s,sometimes called the back-to-nature movement influenced many people to avoid food that was packaged or processed(处理).This preference for natural food continues to this day.
From the success of Raymond Kroc's fast-food business,we can say that social economic(经济)trends influence where and what we eat.
24."Cooking for one is often more trouble than it is worth"means thatB.
A.cooking for some people is worth more money
B.it is not worthwhile to take too much time to cook for one person
C.there are more problems when one person cooks
D.divorce(离婚)causes people to change their eating habits
25.McDonald's success was mainly becauseD.
A.people living alone depend on fast-food
B.single parents have little time to spend in the kitchen
C.many women returned to the workplace in the 1960s
D.his timing was right
26.The main idea of the reading is thatB.
A.Raymond Kroc is the most successful fast-food business owner in the world
B.social and economic changes affect eating habits
C.fast-food is easy to prepare and serve quickly
D.Americans eat either fast-food or natural food.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者这篇文章主要通过分析麦当劳成功的原因来告诉我们经济对于人们的饮食习惯有较大的影响.

解答 24.B.句意理解题.根据第二段People living alone also depend on this type of food,since cooking for one is often more trouble than it is worth可知意为这是不值得花太多的时间去为一个人做饭;故选B.
25.D.细节理解题.根据第二段Probably the most important reason was that his timing was right可知麦当劳的成功主要是因为他选择的时机是正确的;故选D.
26.B.推理判断题.根据最后一段From the success of Raymond Kroc's fast-food business,we can say that social economic(经济)trends influence where and what we eat可知文章的主要思想是社会经济变化对饮食习惯的影响;故选B.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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12.Back in the fifteenth century,in a village near Nuremberg,lived a family with eighteen children.Despite the hopeless condition,two of the children,Albrecht Durer and his elder brother Albert Durer,had a dream.They both wanted to become artists.After many long discussions,the two boys finally worked out an agreement.They would toss (投掷) a coin.The loser would go down to the nearby mines and,with his earnings,support his brother while he attended the academy (大学).Then,when that brother completed his studies,in four years,he would support the other at the academy.
Tossing a coin,Albrecht won and went off to Nuremberg.Albert went down to the dangerous mines and,for the next four years,supported his brother,whose work at the academy was excellent.By the time Albrecht graduated,he had earned a lot of money for his works of art.
When the young artist returned to his village,Albrecht thanked his brother for the years of support that enabled him to realize his dream."And now,Albert,it is your turn.Now you can go to Nuremberg to go for your dream,and I will take care of you."
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More than 500years have passed.Among the works of Albrecht Durer,The Praying Hands,is probably the most familiar to people.Reproductions of it hang in people's homes or offices.
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48.Why did the two brothers work out the agreement?B
A.They were curious about the result.
B.Their family couldn't afford their attending the academy.
C.They had to support the other sisters and brothers in the family.
D.Neither of them wanted to study in the academy.
49.Why couldn't Albert go to the academy after four years?D
A.Albrecht changed his mind and refused to support Albert.
B.Albrecht was not able to earn enough money to support Albert.
C.Albert didn't have a great love for painting any more.
D.Albert couldn't hold a pen or brush to paint.
50.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?C
A.It proved that Albrecht was not good at painting.
B.Albrecht couldn't earn any money while he was studying at the academy.
C.Years of hard work in the mines brought great suffering to Albert.
D.In the painting"The Praying Hands",the hands were Albrecht's.
51.What does the underlined sentence imply (暗示)?C
A.You can achieve success all on your own.
B.Cooperation is important if you want to succeed.
C.There is other people's sacrifice (牺牲) behind your success.
D.No one will succeed without working hard.
16.In 1826,a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business.But he was not a good artist.So he invented a very simple camera.He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his yard.That was the first photograph.
The next important date in the history of photography was 1837.That year,Daguerre,another Frenchman,took a picture of his studio.He used a new kind of camera and a different process.In his pictures,you could see everything very clearly,even the smallest details.This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.
Soon,other people began to use Daguerre's process.Travelers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world.People photographed famous buildings,cities and mountains.
In about 1840,the process was improved.Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things.The process was not simple.The photographers had to carry lots of films and processing equipment.But this did not stop the photographers,especially in the United States.After the 1840s,daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.
Mathew Brady was a well-known American photographer.He took many pictures of famous people.The pictures were unusual because they were very life-like and full of personality.
Brady was also the first person to take pictures of war.His 1862Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities.They made the war seem more real and more terrible.
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With the small camera,anyone could be a photographer.People began to use cameras just for fun.They took pictures of their families,friends and favorite places.They called these pictures"snapshot".
Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s.Soon magazines and books also used documentary photographs.These pictures showed true events and people.They were much more real than drawing.
Photography also turned into a form of art by the end of the 10th century.Some photographs were not just copies of the real world.They showed ideas and feelings,like other art forms.

21.The passage is mainly aboutC.
A.the invention of camerasB.how to develop films
C.the development of photography
D.the important dates in the history of photography
22.The first pictures of a war were taken byB.
A.a French photographer in the 1840s
B.an American photographer in the 1860s
C.a German reporter in the 1880sD.a French artist in the 1890s
23.Photography can also be an art form because artists canD.
A.take anything they likeB.keep a record of real life
C.take photos of the famousD.show ideas and feeling in pictures
24.According to the passage,which of the followings shows the correct order?B
a.Photographs became popular in newspapers.
b.Photographers carried processing equipment while taking pictures.
c.The invention of small handheld cameras made photography easier.
d.Daguerre invented a kind of photograph called daguerreotype.
e.Brady took pictures of famous people.
A.e,a,d,b,c B.d,b,e,c,aC.b,e,c,a,d D.d,c,e,a,b.

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