[题目] For two centuries, the famous University of Cambridge debating society has hosted many prominent figures, from world leaders to scientists to comedians.On Nov 21, the Cambridge Union hosted its f 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

【题目】 For two centuries, the famous University of Cambridge debating society has hosted many prominent figures, from world leaders to scientists to comedians.

On Nov 21, the Cambridge Union hosted its first-ever non-human guest. Designed by IBM, Project Debater is a machine that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to form a spoken argument. It can even listen and answer to opposing statements, much like a real person.

Speaking with a voice similar to Siri, Project Debater uses AI to search journals, newspapers and other information sources. It then filters out(过滤) useless information, picks the strongest arguments, and arranges them into a persuasive argument.

“In the Cambridge test debate, it argued the topic: AI will ultimately do more harm than good. According to IBM, it is the first machine that can debate complicated topics with humans.

Before the debate, more than 1,100 arguments for the positives and negatives of AI were submitted to the IBM website. The machine then analyzed these sources and formed the basis of its arguments in minutes. Project Debater then showed off its AI by arguing for both sides of the debate.

Over a four-minute speech, it argued first that, “AI can only make decisions that it has been programmed to solve, while humans can be programmed for all plots, possible events.”

In support of AI, it then argued that AI would create new jobs and “bring a lot more efficiency” to the workplace.

This isn’t the first test for Project Debater. In June 2018, the machine went back-and-forth for 20 minutes against champion debater Harish Natarajan.

According to New Scientist, on both occasions, Project Debater repeated points and didn’t always sufficiently support them.

Speaking to Cambridge Independent, Noam Slonim, the project’s lead engineer, said, “The AI is not perfect, but it’s going in the right direction.” The team hopes to improve the AI by researching why humans find certain arguments more persuasive than others.

【1】In which way does Project Debater behave like a real person?

A.It can listen and answer to opposing statements.

B.It can speak with a voice similar to Siri.

C.It can create various useful sources.

D.It can deal with any situation.

【2】What were prepared for the machine before the Cambridge test debate?

A.Analyzed sources.

B.Useless messages.

C.Materials for arguments.

D.Items about human debaters.

【3】We can infer from the text that _________.

A.AI did better than humans in arguments

B.the machine had rich ideas to support its points

C.the machine beat Harish Natarajan in the first test

D.AI needs more persuasive arguments in debates

【4】What is Noam Slonim’s attitude to the AI ?

A.Supportive.B.Unconfident.

C.Negative.D.Indifferent.

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。两个世纪以来，著名的剑桥大学辩论协会接待了许多杰出人物， 11月21日，剑桥联合会迎来了有史以来第一位非人类嘉宾——Project Debater。据IBM称，这是第一台可以与人类辩论复杂话题的机器。文章还说明了它在此处辩论中的表现，以及人们对此的看法。

【1】细节理解题。根据第二段中It can even listen and answer to opposing statements, much like a real person.可知它甚至可以倾听和回答相反的陈述，很像一个真人。由此可知，Project Debater可以倾听和回答相反的陈述，因此表现得像一个真实的人。故选A。

【2】细节理解题。根据第五段中Before the debate, more than 1,100 arguments for the positives and negatives of AI were submitted to the IBM website.可知在这场辩论之前，超过1100个关于人工智能利弊的论点被提交到IBM的网站上。由此可知，在剑桥测试辩论之前，人们为这台机器准备了辩论材料。故选C。

【3】推理判断题。根据最后一句The team hopes to improve the AI by researching why humans find certain arguments more persuasive than others.可知研究小组希望通过研究为什么人类发现某些论据比其他论据更有说服力，来提高人工智能。由此可推知，人工智能在辩论中需要更有说服力的论据。故选D。

【4】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Speaking to Cambridge Independent, Noam Slonim, the project’s lead engineer, said, “The AI is not perfect, but it’s going in the right direction.”可知该项目的首席工程师Noam Slonim在接受《剑桥独立报》采访时表示:“人工智能并不完美，但它正朝着正确的方向前进。”由此可推知，Noam Slonim对于人工智能的态度是支持的。故选A。

态度、观点及感受类推理判断题。高考阅读理解题中有些题目考查考生对文章作者的思想、人物性格倾向等方面的理解。对于判断情感态度类题目，考生需要分析段落大意、作者的思路，理解了文章的段落大意、中心思想后，才能判断出作者的情感态度。学会辨别清楚文章的体裁。高考阅读理解题涉及各类文章。以议论文为主，文章的主题句往往会直接地表明作者的态度立场；说明文，因为其体裁的客观性，所以作者往往采取中立态度；记叙文，作者往往不直接提出文章观点，而且作者写作时也常常带有某种倾向性，所以我们在读这种体裁的文章时，要细心捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的单词或短语。学会区分不同的观点，尤其要善于找出作者的观点。我们要注意文中出现的直接引语和间接引语。

如第四小题，根据最后一段中Speaking to Cambridge Independent, Noam Slonim, the project’s lead engineer, said, “The AI is not perfect, but it’s going in the right direction.”可知该项目的首席工程师Noam Slonim在接受《剑桥独立报》采访时表示:“人工智能并不完美，但它正朝着正确的方向前进。”由此可推知，Noam Slonim对于人工智能的态度是支持的。故选A。

练习册系列答案

Mini has already decided that the car number 0001 will go to a customer in the United States, but hasn’t decided yet how to choose who will get it. It will not be decided through an auction (拍卖). said Mike Peyton, Mini’s vice president for the Americas.

On this Mini John Cooper Works GP, the fender flares (轮眉) are made from carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic. The material is recycled waste left over from the production of BMW i3 and i8. The rear wing is actually two wings combined and provides downforce at the back of the car to keep it pressed to the ground at high speeds. The turbocharged four-cylinder engine is the most powerful that has ever been used in a Mini. It has 75 horsepower more than the next most-powerful Mini John Cooper Works model.

The John Cooper Works GP has a special eight-speed automatic transmission, according to the company. It also has paddle shifters (换档器) on the steering wheel so the driver can shift modes by hand. To save weight, the car only has front seats which are special light weight sports seats.

There’s no choice of paint color on this Mini Cooper. The cars will be painted in Racing Gray, with the mirrors finished in Melting Silver.

The cars are named for John Cooper, a racing driver and race car designer who worked with the British Motor Corporation to create performance versions of the original Minis in the 1960s. Those cars became extremely popular with car racers.

Details:

Engine power: 301 horsepower

Top speed: 165 miles an hour

Amount: 3000

Time of production: July, 2020

Price: starting about: $45,000

【1】What makes this Mini Cooper environment friendly?

A.Parts of it are made from waste.

B.It’s completely powered by electricity.

C.Its fender flares are produced by BMW.

D.Its ownership won’t be decided through an auction.

【2】The new Mini Cooper doesn’t provide ________.

A.manual shiftersB.backseats

C.back wingsD.automatic modes

【3】We can know from the passage that the new Mini Cooper ________.

A.is designed by John Cooper

B.mainly aims at car racers

C.is not yet on the market

D.will be produced in the British Motor Corporation

【题目】假定你是李华, 夏至将近, 中国有“冬至饺子夏至面”的传统，请写信邀请你校外教Andy参加你班举行的制作面条活动。内容包括：

1.时间和地点；

2.活动安排；

3.期待答复。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：夏至the summer solstice

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【题目】Only my cousin has chosen to apply for a job in Africa _______ the majority of this year’s graduates working in Britain.

A.in common withB.as well as

C.in contrast toD.by reason of

【题目】假定你是李华，得知外教Chris想利用假期外出游玩，你愿意为他做导游。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：

1. 推荐线路；

2. 推荐理由（历史、文化等角度）；

3. 你的祝愿。

注意:1. 词数80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Chris,

【题目】假定你是李华，从互联网上得知Banks夫妇的西餐馆在登广告招聘兼职服务员。请写一封电子邮件应聘。

内容包括:

1.发邮件的目的。

2.自我介绍。

3.应聘理由(可开阔视野、交到新朋友等)。

4.表达自己的希望。

注意:1.词数100左右。

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Mr. & Mrs. Banks,

Regards

Li Hua

【题目】假定你是李华，你和外教MrSmith本来约好去看在你们所在城市举行的国际摄影展，但你因故不能赴约。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括:

1.表示歉意；

2. 解释原因；

3.补救措施。

注意:1. 词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Mr Smith，

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

【题目】 Climate change has already begun to impact our planet in more ways than we can think.

【1】 Saving the environment starts with us and it is our responsibility to act against these terrible changes to preserve the planet for future generations.

Make your commute green. Millions of people drive to work every day. 【2】 However, the downside to this is that millions of cars emit greenhouse gases that destroy our atmosphere. There are always other options that you can utilize to make your commute to work eco-friendly. For starters, taking public transportation to work is a great way to cut out emissions. Riding your bike to work is also incredibly helpful to the environment and is a great method to get exercise.

Be more conservative with energy usage. Becoming more energy efficient is a great way to prevent pollution. 【3】 Make sure to turn off lights and unplug devices that you are not using anymore when you are done with them. Replace your light bulbs with energy-efficient light bulbs to help you save electricity too.

Recycle. Manufacturing plants emit a large number of greenhouse gasses per year. It is unavoidable in the production of goods that we use on a regular basis. However, a cleaner alternative would be to invest in recycling. 【4】 The professionals will take these items to a processing plant where they will be remade into other recyclable materials again.

【5】 Focusing your efforts to spread awareness about renewable energy is the best way to create a positive impact in your community. By informing others about how renewable energy is better than fossil fuels (化石燃料), you will persuade others into investing in the idea.

A.Educate yourself and others.

B.Encourage the use of renewable energies.

C.It’s simply unavoidable in our modern-day society.

D.Be sure to collect your abandoned paper, plastic and electronics.

E.Fortunately, there are always things we can do to fight against it.

F.This requires you to cut down on energy usage in your household.

G.Recycling is a cost-effective and eco-friendly process that eliminates waste.

【题目】假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你从英国笔友Jim的来信中得知他所在的大学正在招募国际学生参加暑期夏令营活动。你有意参加。请给该大学写封邮件，内容包括：

1. 表示感兴趣；

2. 你打算参加的原因；

3. 询问相关信息。

注意：1．词数不少于50；

2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Sir/Madam,

Yours Sincerely,

Li Hua

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