题目内容

The way you stand can identify whether you will suffer from aches and pains in the back or neck in later life, the British Chiropractic Association has said. Whether you are a “spoon”, “bridge”, “leaning tower” or “flat-back” will determine your risk of having problems later.

A quarter of women suffer pain lasting between one and three days starting at the relatively young age of 34, the survey found. While previous indicators have focused on body shapes, with larger-breasted women and “apple” shapes being seen as a warning sign, this new research shows posture (姿势) could be key in preventing back pain.

“Leaning tower” —women whose heads lean forward — are most likely to report pain, with almost six in ten with this posture already suffering. Being a “bridge” with an arched back was the second worse posture, followed by a “spoon” position with rounded shoulders but a flat back. And a change in posture can be far less demanding than a crash diet or an exercise programme.

“Flat back” ladies, who keep their backs flat are the most likely to avoid pain with a fifth reporting they have never suffered back or neck aches in their lives. Tim Hutchful, a member of the British Chiropractic Association said, “Rather than worrying about being an ‘apple’ or an ‘hourglass’ , we want people to think about what they look like from the side. The perfect posture should give you a side-on appearance with your ears, shoulders, hips, knees and ankles in line. ” People who want to improve their back and neck pain symptoms through a better posture should try imagining they have a plumb line (铅垂线) hanging straight from their ears to ankles —with everything in the middle sitting on the same line. One way to do this is to try standing in a relaxed way and then gently pressing together the abdominal muscles (腹肌).

1.Which posture holds the greatest risk of back pain?

A. “Spoon”. B. “Bridge”. C. “Leaning tower”. D. “Flat back”.

2.What should people care about if they want to avoid back pain?

A. Their exercise. B. Their body shape.

C. Their daily diet. D. Their side-on appearance.

3.What does Tim Hutchful recommend?

A. Having an “hourglass” shape. B. Keeping a “flat back” posture.

C. Building abdominal muscles. D. Hanging a plumb line from one’s ear.

4.From the text we can infer that ________.

A. previously people blame body shape for back pain

B. we should lean slightly forward to avoid back pain

C. a “bridge” holds less risk of back pain than a “spoon”

D. your side-on appearance determines your body shape

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Every year, billions of kilograms of fresh produce are wasted in the United States. Meanwhile, millions of poor Americans go hungry, without access to healthy and affordable meals.

Evan Lutz is enthusiastic about correcting that social injustice. And he combines that goal with enthusiasm for business, Lutz is CEO and founder of Hungry Harvest, a business which collects and sells “ugly” produce. These are fruits and vegetables that most food companies would throw away. More than six billion pounds are wasted each year due to surface imperfections.

“So I’ll give you an example.” Lutz says, “If you go to a grocery store you will see all the produce lineup shiny, perfect, of the same size and color. But on a farm, everything doesn’t grow the same way. So all that stuff that doesn’t grow the same way often gets thrown out. And what we do is take all that normally gets thrown out because of its odd size or shape, box it up and deliver it to our customers once a week.”

For Evan Lutz, giving back to others came from his upbringing.

“When I was growing up my parents taught me the values of giving back, and giving is a lot more powerful than receiving. We sell produce with a purpose and that doesn’t just mean we reduce food from going to waste. We hire people that were formerly in prison or were formerly injured or sick living in homeless shelters. They really wanted to get back on their feet for a second chance in life.”

Evan Lutz is really happy to be realizing great mission that he thinks can really revolutionize the food industry in America.

1.The social injustice in Paragraph 2 refers to the fact that ________.

A. vegetables and fruits that don’t taste good get wasted

B. much produce gets wasted while many Americans starve

C. grocery stores only sell produce of the same size

D. poor Americans cannot afford healthy food

2.What business does Hungry Harvest mainly do?

A. Deliver food for free.

B. Raise money for the poor.

C. Collect “ugly” produce and sell it.

D. Buy “ugly” produce and process it.

3.Why does Evan Lutz hire those people mentioned in Paragraph 5?

A. To lower labor costs. B. To increase productivity.

C. To offer them a job. D. To enjoy a better reputation.

4.What can be a suitable title for the passage?

A. Creating More Jobs for the Less Fortunate

B. Putting Healthy Food on Dinner Table

C. Making Profits from Shiny Produce

D. Giving Unused Produce a Purpose

Dear Sir,

I’m a student of Senior 3. I am writing to tell you about the discussion we’ve had about 1.to board in the school or at home.

Many of our parents and teachers ask us to board in the school. They say it will be very 2. (convenience) for us to ask questions whenever necessary. Besides, they think 3. (board) will make 4.possible to make full use of our time in the evening, and that we can also develop the ability 5.(look) after ourselves and be independent.

However, we students have our own thoughts. On our way to school 6. back home, we can get7.relax). It is quiet at home and we can study8.efficient). What’s more, staying at home in the evening, we are free to learn9.we think we’re not good at.

In my own opinion, I think it is a good idea to stay at home in the evening. When we stay at home, we can arrange our time to study certain subjects and develop some other interests. As we are leaving home to stay in college quite soon, we should value the time10.we can spend with our parents.

Yours,

Li Hua

The world’s longest 3rd deepest railway underground passage, the Gotthard Base Tunnel, opened on 1 June 2016 after many years of construction. Trains can travel at speeds of up to 250 km an hour through the 57 km long tunnel. It took 17 years to complete and cost $12 billion. A total of 2,600 workers involved in building the tunnel had to excavate more than 28 million tons of rocks. Nine people died during the construction. The engineering milestone will bring southern Germany and northern Italy closer together.

Gattardino shuttle trains will be running between the two endpoints of the tunnel and make a stop at Sedrun, a mountain station in the middle. 65 passenger and 240 freight(货物) trains are expected to travel through the tunnel every day. The Gotthard Base Tunnel will reduce the time it takes trains to pass through the Alps, which have been a natural barrier to travel. In the past traders and merchants had to use mountain passes to travel from north to south. The first Gotthard rail tunnel opened in 1882, but as time went on, it could not handle the growing traffic.

In the 1990s, Swiss citizens approved of a government plan to build a new tunnel. The main purpose of the Gotthard Base Tunnel is to increase local transport capacity(容量) through the Alpine barrier, especially for freight. This not only significantly reduces the danger of deadly road crashes involving trucks, but also reduces the environmental damage caused by the ever-increasing amount of freight carried by heavy trucks. The new tunnel is expected to reduce road traffic crossing the Alps as more and more truck companies will put their freight on Swiss trains.

1.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “excavate” in Paragraph 1?

A. bury B. wash C. weigh D. remove

2.What is the main purpose of building the tunnel through the Alps?

A. To allow more trains to pass through. B. To enlarge the mountain passes.

C. To control the growing road traffic. D. To reduce the cost of truck companies.

3.What can we learn from the text?

A. Gottardino shuttle trains will run through the tunnel without stopping.

B. More passenger trains will travel through the tunnel than freight trains.

C. Constructing the tunnel can be hard and dangerous.

D. There is only one rail tunnel running through the Alps.

4.Where is the text probably taken from?

A. A travel guide. B. A fiction story. C. A fashion magazine. D. A news report.

Want to boost the chance of your story being published in Reader's Digest and win $25,000? Here are a few of our favorite entries so far in our "Your life: The Reader's Digest Version" contest. After reading these, head over to Facebook and submit your own story about a special moment or lesson that shaped your life.

"There's Always a John" By Darla Boyd

My first year of teaching, there was a kid named John in my class. John was difficult to control and he nearly drove me crazy. While talking about him one day, an old teacher put his hand on my shoulder and said, "There will always be a John. Your job is to learn to discover what makes him different and help him succeed." The next year, there was indeed another John. But that advice taught me that there is something to appreciate in everyone.

"An Early Key Lesson" By Elaine West

Before I began my first teaching job, my mother, a teacher of 30 years, gave me a very special gift, five simple words that have had an effect on my entire life." Make friends with the janitor（门卫）." Her wisdom taught me the respect for all types of characters and continues to enrich my life to this day. Just five little words but what an impact they can have when you take them to heart.

“Raising Mommy” By Jan Davis

Being a mother can always present challenges and rewards. Someone told me early that children will teach you everything you need to know. Being a mother is being raised. Our children become our advisers. Their dreams become our professors, as we are taking notes carefully. The sounds of their laughter and smiles are a great reward to us. Their tears remind us that it is okay to fail, and that we should wipe the tears away and try again.

1.What did Elaine West's mother advise her to do?

A. Don't treat students differently. B. Respect people from different backgrounds.

C. Don't judge people by appearance. D. Take care of janitors.

2.From the last paragraph, we can infer that ________.

A. a mother improves herself greatly in parenting

B. a mother should be given more care

C. children should realize the dreams of their parents

D. being a mother has more challenges than rewards

3.The text is most probably a(n) ________.

A. poster about a lecture B. ad for three new books

C. introduction to a contest D. notice inviting contributions

One hot summer I was traveling down the freeway on a day trip to Los Angeles. During my journey down the highway, another motorist suddenly started cutting into my lane. Being in the far right lane, my car was forced onto the shoulder of the road. Being an experienced driver, I steered my car back onto the highway, the motorist drove away without saying anything.

While I wasn’t very happy with the person for cutting in front of me, I decided to consider it an honest mistake—a lack of attention to the lane change or a driver lost in thought. It certainly could not have been done on purpose. The car sped away after cutting in front of me and was soon out of sight.

After a while, I caught up with the same motorist on the side of the road. He was an elderly gentleman who was walking along the side of the freeway on this hot day. With his car stopped on the side of the road and the nearest services at least twenty miles away, I decided to stop and see what the problem was.

The man’s car had a flat tire, and while he had a spare tire, he didn’t have a jack. I decided to help him and allowed him to sit in my air–conditioned car while I changed his tire. Fifteen minutes later, I was hot, sweaty and dirty, but I did feel good after doing something for someone.

1.Which of the following word can best describe the author?

A. Bad-tempered. B. Humorous. C. Hard-working. D. Kind-hearted.

2.We can infer from the second paragraph that the _______.

A. motorist didn’t pay any attention to the lane change

B. motorist was lost in thought while he was driving

C. motorist cut in front of the author on purpose

D. author forgave the motorist

3.Why did the motorist stop his car on the side of the road? Because_______.

A. he got lost B. his car had a flat tire

C. he wanted to have a rest D. he wanted to travel with the author

4.What can we learn from the text?

A. Actions speak louder than words. B. An act of kindness can make you feel good.

C. No pain, no gain. D. It is no use crying over spilt milk.

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