题目内容

The world’s longest 3rd deepest railway underground passage, the Gotthard Base Tunnel, opened on 1 June 2016 after many years of construction. Trains can travel at speeds of up to 250 km an hour through the 57 km long tunnel. It took 17 years to complete and cost $12 billion. A total of 2,600 workers involved in building the tunnel had to excavate more than 28 million tons of rocks. Nine people died during the construction. The engineering milestone will bring southern Germany and northern Italy closer together.

Gattardino shuttle trains will be running between the two endpoints of the tunnel and make a stop at Sedrun, a mountain station in the middle. 65 passenger and 240 freight(货物) trains are expected to travel through the tunnel every day. The Gotthard Base Tunnel will reduce the time it takes trains to pass through the Alps, which have been a natural barrier to travel. In the past traders and merchants had to use mountain passes to travel from north to south. The first Gotthard rail tunnel opened in 1882, but as time went on, it could not handle the growing traffic.

In the 1990s, Swiss citizens approved of a government plan to build a new tunnel. The main purpose of the Gotthard Base Tunnel is to increase local transport capacity(容量) through the Alpine barrier, especially for freight. This not only significantly reduces the danger of deadly road crashes involving trucks, but also reduces the environmental damage caused by the ever-increasing amount of freight carried by heavy trucks. The new tunnel is expected to reduce road traffic crossing the Alps as more and more truck companies will put their freight on Swiss trains.

1.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “excavate” in Paragraph 1?

A. bury B. wash C. weigh D. remove

2.What is the main purpose of building the tunnel through the Alps?

A. To allow more trains to pass through. B. To enlarge the mountain passes.

C. To control the growing road traffic. D. To reduce the cost of truck companies.

3.What can we learn from the text?

A. Gottardino shuttle trains will run through the tunnel without stopping.

B. More passenger trains will travel through the tunnel than freight trains.

C. Constructing the tunnel can be hard and dangerous.

D. There is only one rail tunnel running through the Alps.

4.Where is the text probably taken from?

A. A travel guide. B. A fiction story. C. A fashion magazine. D. A news report.

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– How well did John do in the match?

--Wonderful. I think we can’t have a ______ player in our football team.

A. good B. well C. better D. best

Many years ago, I drove my seven-six-old daughter to school in our car. This _______day, we passed by many_______people who were begging. She asked why the same people were_______help every day and why no one was_______.

I really didn’t have a(n)_______answer to this question. So I decided to ask her how she thought she could help.

My little girl always had _______ideas flowing out of her which I couldn’t keep_______. The next day on the morning _______to school, my daughter asked me to stop at each_______where a homeless person stood. I asked why, but was quickly________to wait and see.

I ________my window and asked the gentleman to________. My daughter handed him 50 cents ________told him she would see him every morning. This went on for three blocks. I asked her where all of the money came________and she immediately informed me that her classmates took up a ________of coins and love for her to pass on to the “people on the corner.”

Every school day for two more wonderful years we stopped and ________ coins or a good morning wish to the “people on the corner”. She could always get everyone to ________ even if just for a quick second.

Times have changed, and many people________of giving money to homeless people on the corner but everyone deserve to be________, so my “people on the corner” get a “good morning and a smile” every day. I get the same________ every day.

1.A. particular B. curious C. anxious D. enthusiastic

2.A. hopeless B. aimless C. homeless D. friendless

3.A. apologizing for B. standing for C. working for D. asking for

4.A. helping B. sparing C. observing D. paying

5.A. difficult B. easy C. possible D. abstract

6.A. such many B. such much C. so many D. so much

7.A. out of B. away from C. in touch D. up with

8.A. breakfast B. trip C. sun D. rain

9.A. house B. corner C. highway D. garage

10.A. identified B. confirmed C. informed D. proved

11.A. rolled down B. put down C. broken down D. cut down

12.A. fall over B. go over C. turn over D. come over

13.A. but B. so C. or D. and

14.A. out B. from C. down D. about

15.A. collection B. fund C. action D. account

16.A. awarded B. rewarded C. afforded D. offered

17.A. laugh B. cry C. smile D. sob

18.A. dislike B. support C. disapprove D. agree

19.A. permitted B. acknowledged C. abandoned D. embarrassed

20.A. in return B. by turns C. in case D. by accident

The way you stand can identify whether you will suffer from aches and pains in the back or neck in later life, the British Chiropractic Association has said. Whether you are a “spoon”, “bridge”, “leaning tower” or “flat-back” will determine your risk of having problems later.

A quarter of women suffer pain lasting between one and three days starting at the relatively young age of 34, the survey found. While previous indicators have focused on body shapes, with larger-breasted women and “apple” shapes being seen as a warning sign, this new research shows posture (姿势) could be key in preventing back pain.

“Leaning tower” —women whose heads lean forward — are most likely to report pain, with almost six in ten with this posture already suffering. Being a “bridge” with an arched back was the second worse posture, followed by a “spoon” position with rounded shoulders but a flat back. And a change in posture can be far less demanding than a crash diet or an exercise programme.

“Flat back” ladies, who keep their backs flat are the most likely to avoid pain with a fifth reporting they have never suffered back or neck aches in their lives. Tim Hutchful, a member of the British Chiropractic Association said, “Rather than worrying about being an ‘apple’ or an ‘hourglass’ , we want people to think about what they look like from the side. The perfect posture should give you a side-on appearance with your ears, shoulders, hips, knees and ankles in line. ” People who want to improve their back and neck pain symptoms through a better posture should try imagining they have a plumb line (铅垂线) hanging straight from their ears to ankles —with everything in the middle sitting on the same line. One way to do this is to try standing in a relaxed way and then gently pressing together the abdominal muscles (腹肌).

1.Which posture holds the greatest risk of back pain?

A. “Spoon”. B. “Bridge”. C. “Leaning tower”. D. “Flat back”.

2.What should people care about if they want to avoid back pain?

A. Their exercise. B. Their body shape.

C. Their daily diet. D. Their side-on appearance.

3.What does Tim Hutchful recommend?

A. Having an “hourglass” shape. B. Keeping a “flat back” posture.

C. Building abdominal muscles. D. Hanging a plumb line from one’s ear.

4.From the text we can infer that ________.

A. previously people blame body shape for back pain

B. we should lean slightly forward to avoid back pain

C. a “bridge” holds less risk of back pain than a “spoon”

D. your side-on appearance determines your body shape

假定英文课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，如你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除和修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Nowadays there are some students use cellphones to copy teachers’ lecture notes. They think that taking notes with cellphones instead of by the hand can save time, that can be used in studies.

In my opinion, cellphones are either good nor bad. It depend on how we use it. We should make properly use of cellphones. Cellphones are much easy for us to copy notes and more convenient to search what we need. However, we should remember that cellphones in the classroom can lead to lazy.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Music festivals are popular across Africa. But this seems something few would have imagined possible in Goma. For years, the city1. (link) to wars. The young people were tired of years of2.(violent), and a youth group set out to organize a music festival 3. peace in the Democratic Republic of Congo. They decided to hold the event in the 4. (east) city of Goma.

Their first attempt in 2013 was cancelled 5. Goma came under attack. But last year,

25,000 people came to the city to hear their favorite artists play. And this year, some of Africa’s top musicians decided to attend.

The crowd cheered 6. Habib Koite arrived for his performance. The smoke machines fired up. Some people stood one behind another, 7. (form) a line. Thousands of other people ate, drank and danced in the dust.

Vianney Bisimwa was one of the 8. (organizer) of the festival. He says he and other young people wanted to change the image of Goma.

Although the country is known for wars, it is also famous for 9.(it) music. Many local artists sing openly about the conflict. Vianney Bisimwa says this gives people10. chance to express their feelings.

假定你是李华。在你生日到来之际你收到了美国朋友彼得寄来的礼物——一本畅销的英文小说。请给他回信，要点如下：

1.小说收到；2.回赠一份小礼物；3.小礼物的意义；4.邀请来华。

注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter,

Yours,

Li Hua

假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛(speech contest)，你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件：

1．询问Tom的生活和学习情况；

2．谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙；

3．告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。

注意：1.词数：120—150；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Tom，

Yours，

Li Hua

For many people，volunteering is a way of life. Holidays are the time of the year that more people are in a giving mood. Homeless shelters，children’s hospitals，and nursing homes are excellent places to give of one’s time.

Volunteering in Homeless Shelters

There is a homeless directory online that anyone can easily access to find the closest homeless shelter to their home. According to the homeless shelter directory，currently there are 3,233 shelters in the US，so it is not difficult to find a shelter. Helping to serve food，picking up donations of food，preparing meals，and cleaning up are things that one can do to help at a homeless shelter.

Volunteering in Children’s Hospitals

Every child needs comfort and joy，especially during the holiday seasons. By visiting sick children in hospitals，an individual provides helping hands by supplementing the services usually done by the hospital staff. Personalizing the hospital experience adds to the comfort and happiness of the children and their families. Volunteers provide help，and positive interactions (相互交流) which enhance the patient’s quality of care. Help is needed almost everywhere in a hospital；from the lobby，parking lot，cafeteria，to admitting，helping with the gift cart，and even reading to children in the waiting rooms or their hospital rooms.

Volunteering in Nursing Homes

According to the National Center for Health Statistics，“Over 50% of those living in nursing homes do not have close relatives and 46% have no living children.” Life in a nursing home is lonely，confusing，and frightening for many residents. Volunteering at a nursing home is a great opportunity to make a difference in someone else’s life. Playing cards，sitting with and talking to a resident，taking a walk，or sharing a meal makes a huge difference，especially when they have no other sole on earth to visit them.

The three examples above are only a small fraction of institutions in which volunteers are needed. Giving of oneself，especially during the holidays blesses and cheers others.

1.According to the passage，what can a volunteer do in nursing homes?

A. Visiting the sick children.

B. Picking up the donated food.

C. Helping with the gift cart.

D. Playing cards with a lonely old man.

2.What can we learn about the volunteering?

A. You can only volunteer during the holidays.

B. You can help prepare meals in a nursing home.

C. It is easy to find a homeless shelter to volunteer.

D. Help is needed everywhere in a homeless shelter.

3.In a children’s hospital，which of the following is true?

A. Over 50% of those living there do not have relatives.

B. A personal visit brings happiness to a sick boy.

C. Children live a lonely and frightening life.

D. Children love listening to volunteers’ reading.

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