题目内容

【题目】阅读理解
Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.
The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household's waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.
But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.
（1）What does the underlined phrase “over-consumption” refer to?
A.Using too much packaging.
B.Recycling too many wastes.
C.Making more products than necessary.
D.Having more material than is needed.
（2）The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show _______.
A.the tendency of cutting household waste
B.the increase of packaging recycling
C.the rapid growth of supermarkets
D.the fact of packaging overuse
（3）What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A.Unpackaged products are of bad quality.
B.Supermarkets care more about packaging.
C.It is improper to judge quality by packaging.
D.Other products are better packaged than food.
（4）What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A.Fighting wastefulness is difficult.
B.Needless material is mostly recycled.
C.People like collecting recyclable waste.
D.The author is proud of their consumer culture.

【答案】
（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了人们对于过度包装的危害的认识及人们应有的积极态度，让大家认识到形势的严峻和要想改变状况是艰巨的。
（1） 考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place. ”可知划线部分意义应为“过度消费”，故选D项。
（2） 考查推理判断。根据作者在文中使用的数字可知，作者使用数字的目的是为了让读者清楚地理解过度包装的现实问题，所以D项正确。
（3）考查推理判断。第四段讲述了人们对于包装不好的物品的固有认识，即：人们普遍认为包装不好的物品质量肯定差，所以C项应为正确答案。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.”可知在我们面前还有一座大山要翻越，可知对于反对浪费还有很长的路要走，故选A。

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