题目内容

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

These day, people break traffic rules and littered everywhere. It does serious harm with our life. I think people should make a effort to change this situation.

As for him, I will bear traffic rules in mind. If I ride a bike, I’ll never cross a road until the traffic light turn green. If I walk, I will forget to use the zebra crossing. Meanwhile, I will make it as my duty to help keep our environment clean or healthy. I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possibly. I hope my behavior will make a difference.

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Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior. One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.

They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the Prisoner’s Dilemma. The game is based on the tension between the interests of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players. Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded the least. And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings. The study appeared last month in the journal Science.

The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse(虐待). Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More than eight hundred children were aged two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children were aged five to nine. The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not.

The study says the IQs of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points. The more they are spanked, the slower their mental development.

1.What do we know about the second study?

A. Children's IQs have much to do with physical punishment.

B. The study is about violence and cooperation of children.

C. The children tested were divided into groups of four.

D. Children's mental development only relies on their IQs.

2.What does the underlined word “spanked” refer to?

A. punished B. blamed

C. tested D. praised

3.What might be the best title for the text?

A. The Best Way to Correct Misbehavior

B. Punishment Is the Best Way of Education

C. Cooperation Is the Most Successful Behavior

D. Punishment or Reward: Which Works Better on Behavior?

4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Punishment is the best way to influence bad behaviors.

B. The participants in the first study have the right to reward or punish others in the group.

C. the younger children have a higher IQ because of their parents’ educational level.

D. Adults are much more cooperative than children.

Personally，I think modern education is ______sitting at a desk and looking at the blackboard.

A. more than B. no more than

C. less than D. no less than

Once children reach the age of 18，they are encouraged to be and make a living on their own.

A. independent B. confident

C. courageous D. proud

Every minute and every second should be made full of the finals.

A. use；to prepare for

B. using；to prepare for

C. use；preparing for

D. used；being prepared for

Despite the vital role they play in many ecosystems, animals considered to be “ugly” are being ignored by scientists. A study had found uglier animals attract less attention and less funding when it comes to conservation efforts and research. This could mean the ugliest animal population could be under threat.

The study was conducted by wildlife biologists Trish Fleming and Bill Bateman in Perth, Australia. They looked at research publications concerning 331 Australian mammal species that broadly fell into categories they labeled as “the good, the bad and the ugly”. It turned out that studies into “the good group” and “the bad group” were carried out while the “ugly group” was ignored.

Ugly animals, such as the fruit bat and the tree bat, are being ignored by conservationists. And some animals are even becoming endangered because of how they look. The Madagascan lemur(狐猴)called the aye---aye is so ugly that the natives have long seen them as a bad sign, or a sign of death, so they kill them whenever they see them. Other ugly animals under threat include the dugong(儒艮)and the proboscis monkey(长鼻猴).

Despite making up 45% of the 331 species studied, the ugly animals have attracted little attention from scientists. “We know so little about the biology of many of these species,” said Trish Fleming. “For many, we have catalogued their existence, but when it comes to understanding what they eat, their habitat needs, or how we could improve their chance of how we could improve their chance of survival, we are still in the dark.”

With Bill Bateman, Trish Fleming has called for improved funding for the lesser known mammals. “It would be ‘tragic’ if humans ended up causing the extinction of more species without even knowing anything about them,” they said.

1.Based on the text, the “ugly” animals _________

A. are increasing in number

B. get more conservation funds

C. play an important role in the ecosystem

D. cost quite a great deal of money in research

2.Which of the following is true according to the text?

A. People see the dugong as a sign of death

B. More attention has been paid to “the ugly animals”

C. There was not enough study about “the ugly animals”

D. Trish and Bill did research on 331 Australian mammals

3.The main reason for some animals’ being endangered may lie in _________.

A. their unpleasant looks B. their broad categories

C. their economic values D. their lovely appearances

4.The best title for the text would be _________.

A. The Ugliest Animal in the World

B. The Ugly Species Are under Threat

C. The Living Habits of the Ugly Species

D. The Proboscis Monkey Is Endangered

How to help children improve the ability to study

Children often have trouble studying because they haven't developed good study habits. Teaching your child study skills early will give those skills to become habits.1..

Create a Positive Learning Space. To increase concentration, set up a workspace for your child.2.. His or her desk should have as few distractions as possible and be well equipped with school supplies, like pencils, erasers, rulers, calculators, loose leaf paper and even a computer if your child is at a grade level where a computer is helpful or necessary. The environment should also be cheery and fun so that he or she has a good mental association with it.

Maintain a Reliable Schedule. Make sure your child studies at the same time every evening. This habit keeps children from wasting time ,and helps them focus. 3.. Most children have trouble focusing for more than an hour. Encourage your child to take a brief break can help him or concentrate more deeply when it’s time to do so.

4..Encourage your child to turn off his or her cell phone, video games and computer unless the computer is needed for the task at hand. These devices often distract children and can lead to wasting time. You should also be reasonably quiet and calm while your child is studying. Avoid noisy activities like talking loudly on the phone, vacuuming or watching television while your child is studying.

Give Positive Reinforcement(强化).Positive reinforcement is not simply a matter of rewarding good study habits or high test scores, but also of acknowledging a child’s progress no matter how small. 5..It will help to improve his or her study skills in effective ways.

A. Studies show kids and teens are more willing to study when praised.

B. A loving, caring and optimistic reaction will often be just the thing that your child needs.

C. The following tips can help your child study better.

D. Keep your child away from electronic devices.

E. If possible, only use the space to complete homework.

F. Avoid Distractions.

G. Also, let your child take a brief break every hour or so.

Grandma is ninety this Christmas.I remember once visiting her,crying when my big sister told me“There is no Santa Claus!”,because I knew she always told the ____.

“No Santa Claus?” she snorted(哼着说).“Ridiculous! Don’t ____ it.That rumor has been going around for years.Now,put on your coat,and let’s go.”

“Go?Go where,Grandma?” I asked.

“Where” ____ to be Kerby’s General Store.As we walked in,Grandma ____ me twenty dollars.“Take the money,” she said,“and buy something for someone who needs it.I’ll wait for you outdoors.”

I was only eight years old,and had never shopped for anything ____.For a few moments I just stood there,____,wondering what to buy,and ____ on earth to buy it for.

I thought of everybody I knew:my family,friends,classmates...Suddenly I thought of Bobbie,a kid sitting behind me in the classroom.He didn’t have a ____; he never went out during the winter.I held the bill ____.I would buy Bobbie a coat.I saw a red one with a hat to it.It looked really ____.He would like that.

That ____,Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper and write,“To Bobbie,From ____”on it.Then she drove me to Bobbie’s house.Grandma ____ down the street,and we hid in the bushes by his front walk.Then Grandma pushed me gently.“All right,Santa Claus,get going!” she ____.

I took a deep breath,____ for his front door,threw the ____ down,rang his doorbell and flew back.Together we waited ____ in the darkness for the front door to open.Finally it did,and there stood Bobbie.

Forty years haven’t ____ the thrill of those moments.That night,I realized those awful ____ about Santa Claus were just what Grandma said:they were ____.Santa was alive and well,and we were on his team.

1.A. story B. truth C. joke D. lie

2.A. believe B. ignore C. suspect D. admit

3.A. seemed B. supposed C. proved D. imagined

4.A. borrowed B. delivered C. threw D. handed

5.A. alone B. lonely C. special D. expensive

6.A. bored B. depressed C. frightened D. confused

7.A. when B. how C. who D. what

8.A. money B. coat C. friend D. hat

9.A. excitedly B. nervously C. anxiously D. thoughtfully

10.A. new B. warm C. cheap D. beautiful

11.A. morning B. weekend C. evening D. afternoon

12.A. Grandma B. classmates C. friends D. Santa Claus

13.A. parked B. slowed C. rode D. walked

14.A. shouted B. whispered C. complained D. ordered

15.A. searched B. dashed C. waited D. started

16.A. paper B. bill C. present D. bush

17.A. delightedly B. cheerfully C. willingly D. breathlessly

18.A. weakened B. strengthened C. reminded D. informed

19.A. secrets B. discussions C. rumors D. sayings

20.A. unusual B. incredible C. strange D. ridiculous

He said to his son, “Put on more clothes.”

—________

A. He told his son to put on more clothes.

B. He asked his son put on more clothes.

C. He said to his son that he would put on more clothes.

D. He told his son that he should put on more clothes.

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