题目内容

   Mary Streech and her friends stood by the water fountain,talking casually. It was like any other day in the seventh grade,Mary remembers,until someone pointed to a girl walking by and said,“She's so chunky( 矮胖的) .” 

   As the others joined in,it became clear: “Being chunky” was a crime. And this girl was guilty as charged.

   At first,Mary felt relieved that they weren’t ragging on her,but by that night,the day's events had given her a stomachache. “After that,I became extremely sensitive,” she says. “If anybody looked at me too long,I'd assume they were sizing up my body”

   By high school,she says, “it was like being in a shark tank." Mean comments about people's bodies were the norm,so Mary started to diet 一 she wrongly believed that watching her weight could protect her from their judgment. And sadly,one year later,that diet had developed into a serious eating disorder.

   Now recovered,Mary is fighting to end that culture of hurtful comments 一 what she calls “bodysnarking." And her timing couldn’t be,better: As we spend more and more time critiquing each other's selfies (自拍照) ,openly judging other people's looks is becoming a national pastime of sorts.

   In fact,many experts believe body-shaming others has become a way to deal with our own emotions. “Sometimes our natural response is to criticize an easy target when we feel hurt or insecure,” says psychologist Robyn Silverman.

   This tendency to attack appearances is especially dangerous for teens,whose bodies — and identities — are still developing. Even if someone else's insecurities are fueling the verbal fire,it's hard to see it that way if you’ re the one being criticized.

   The best news of all,says Aaron Blashill,a psychologist at Harvard Medical School,is that our most effective defense against the culture of criticism is to not be our own body bullies(恃强凌弱的人) .He has conducted studies showing that there's a strong link between how we feel about our appearance and our overall happiness,despite whatever shape or size we happen to be. “It's more important to change how you think about your body than to change what it looks like ,” he says.

25. The day described in Paragraph 1 became special to Mary.

   A. because a girl was bullied

   B. because of a serious crime

   C. because of the water fountain

   D. because her friends talked to her

26. What caused Mary to struggle with an eating disorder?

   A. Her friends dieting to keep healthy.

   B. Her being criticized for being chunky.

   C. Her friends looking at her for a long time.

   D. Her dieting to avoid body image problems.

27. What does Mary mean by “bodysnarking”?

   A. Strengthening the muscles of the body.

   B. Returning to the normal state of health.

   C. Controlling the movement of one's body.

   D. Criticizing somebody for their appearances.

28. We can infer from the last paragraph that to be happy,people should .

   A. be content with their bodies

   B. make friends with the tolerant

   C. try to make themselves look better

   D. avoid paying attention to their bodies

25. A 26. D 27. D 28. A

(人际关系)

本文是议论文。身材欺凌危害甚大。

25. A.推理判断题。由第一段中的It was like any other day ... until someone pointed to a girl walking by and said> “She's so chunky.”及第二、 兰段可推断,原本普通的一天,因为一女孩身材 矮胖被欺凌而给Mary的心理带来了阴影。

26. D.细节理解题。由第四段中的Mean comments about people’s bodies ... a serious eating disorder可知,Mary为避免体形遭嘲笑开 始节食,最终导致饮食失调。

27. D.词义猜测题。由第五段中的that culture of hurtful comments 及 openly judging other people’sooks可推断,该词的意思应该是批评 某人的外表。

28. A。推理判断题。由尋后一段中的our most effective defense against the culture of criticism is to not be our own body bullies ... It’s more important to change how you think about your body ...可推断,要想开心一个人应该对自己的 身体感到满足。

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   An older woman was 44 ,sitting on the floor. In her 45 Arabic dress,she reminded me of my grandmother.

   “46 to her,” the flight agent urged. “We told her the flight was going to be late,and she did this."

   I spoke to the woman 47 in Arabic while putting my arm around her. She 48 crying. It turned out that she thought the 49 had been canceled. She planned to be in New York for some medical treatment the next day. I comforted her and suggested 50 her family.

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42. A. noise   B. argument   C. dialogue   D. announcement

43. A. likes   B. understands   C. accepts   D. studies

44. A. weeping   B. reading   C. thinking   D. begging

45. A. long   B. strange   C. expensive   D. traditional

46. A. Write   B. Sing   C. Explain   D. Apologize

47. A. quickly   B. softly   C. suddenly   D. loudly

48. A. stopped   B. started   C. kept   D. avoided

49. A. plan   B. performance   C. meeting   D. flight

50. A. calling   B. saving   C. showing   D. punishing

51. A. live   B. work   C. stay   D. play

52. A. in action   B. in relief   C. in charge   D. in trouble

53. A. found out   B. made sure   C.  agreed   D. promised

54. A. missed   B. helped   C. met   D. knew

55. A. changing   B. serious   C. cheerful   D. confident

56. A. chocolates   B. cookies   C. wine   D. bread

57. A. sold   B. lent   C. returned   D. offered

58. A. refused   B. wasted   C. ate   D. saw

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                                     Fitting in fitness 

   Do you find excuses not to exercise? . 36 Here are a few ways to get you going.

   Do what you love.

   The easiest way to fall into the habit of doing exercise is to choose an activity you enjoy — one that doesn't feel like exercise,even though it is. 37 If you play to your strengths,you’ 11 find fitness activities you can enjoy for years.

   Choose your hour.

   Studies have shown that people who work out in the morning are most likely to stick with a routine. By doing exercise before the day starts,they can avoid the last-minute scheduling conflicts. But if you* re not a morning person,choose whatever time works best for you. 38 

   Call it by another name.

   39 If it's something you have to do anyway 一 like washing the car or planting some bushes in the yard 一 you’ 11 achieve two goals at once.

   Partner up.

   Exercise is more flin when you do it with others. 40 On days when your motivation is low,you’ re more likely to stick with the programme to avoid disappointing your exercise partners. You can also train with an expert. A personal trainer will help you set goals,design a personalized fitness programme,and vary your routine to keep it challenging.

   A. Ask yourself: what am I good at?

   B. Make fitness part of your social routine.

   C. If you* re in top form from noon to 1 pm,aim for a lunchtime workout.

   D. For example,you can join a running,walking,hiking,biking or tennis club.

   E. If a damp T-shirt is not your idea of a good time,try gentler forms of exercise.

   F. Would you rather do anything else — even sort your socks or clean the fridge?

   G. Substitute some challenging household activity for the standard exercise routine.

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   Years ago,Francesca Gino,a professor at Harvard,and Dan Ariely,a behavioural economist at Duke,wondered if people with higher IQs were more likely to cheat. They found that cleverness wasn't closely connected to dishonesty,but creativity was. The more creative you are,the easier it is to retell the story of what happened when you behaved dishonestly.

   Harvard University psychologist Joshua Greene argues in his book Moral Tribes that we may be bom without having a clear sense of right and wrong,but our culture sharpens it. If your tribe downloads pirated(盗版的) music,you’ re likely to go with the flow.

   Harvard researcher Leslie John,along with two colleagues conducted an experiment. They told volunteers that others in the room were making more money than they were for getting questions right on a test. Guess what happened? That group,which considered itself disadvantaged,cheated more than those who believed that everyone received an equal payment.

   The real threat is that rule breaking worsens over time. Behavioural psychology offers a few antidotes. Keep yourself fed and well-rested — we’ re likelier to behave badly when hungry or tired. Reflect on how your actions look through others’ eyes and see yourselves in a positive light. In a Stanford study,when researchers used the verb cheat — please don't cheat — participants still cheated freely because they felt distanced from the act. When the noun was used — don't be a cheater — hardly anyone did.

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   B. Because they thought others cheated too.

   C. Because they felt a sense of unfairness.

   D. Because they were tired and hungry.

34. The underlined word “antidotes” in the last paragraph can be replaced by.

   A. explanations   B. solutions

   C. studies   D. novels

35. What's the best title for the text?

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   B. How people break the rules

   C. The influence of breaking the rules

   D. Different ways of breaking the rules

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