题目内容

                                     Fitting in fitness 

   Do you find excuses not to exercise? . 36 Here are a few ways to get you going.

   Do what you love.

   The easiest way to fall into the habit of doing exercise is to choose an activity you enjoy — one that doesn't feel like exercise,even though it is. 37 If you play to your strengths,you’ 11 find fitness activities you can enjoy for years.

   Choose your hour.

   Studies have shown that people who work out in the morning are most likely to stick with a routine. By doing exercise before the day starts,they can avoid the last-minute scheduling conflicts. But if you* re not a morning person,choose whatever time works best for you. 38 

   Call it by another name.

   39 If it's something you have to do anyway 一 like washing the car or planting some bushes in the yard 一 you’ 11 achieve two goals at once.

   Partner up.

   Exercise is more flin when you do it with others. 40 On days when your motivation is low,you’ re more likely to stick with the programme to avoid disappointing your exercise partners. You can also train with an expert. A personal trainer will help you set goals,design a personalized fitness programme,and vary your routine to keep it challenging.

   A. Ask yourself: what am I good at?

   B. Make fitness part of your social routine.

   C. If you* re in top form from noon to 1 pm,aim for a lunchtime workout.

   D. For example,you can join a running,walking,hiking,biking or tennis club.

   E. If a damp T-shirt is not your idea of a good time,try gentler forms of exercise.

   F. Would you rather do anything else — even sort your socks or clean the fridge?

   G. Substitute some challenging household activity for the standard exercise routine.

话题:健康

本文是说明文。文章介绍了让人们运动起来的四种方法.

36. F。根据本空上下句内容可知,有人总是找借口 不去运动或者“宁愿整理袜子或者清理冰箱”也 不去运动,所以作者在下文介绍了让人们运动 起来的几种方法。

37. A.根据本段的标题及下一句中的strengths可 知,这里指“问问自己揸长什么”。

38. C.根据本段的标题可知,作者建议选择好运动 的时间,“如果你在中午十二点到下午一点状态 最好,那么就利用午餐时间做运动”。

39. G。根据下句中的 washing the car or planting some bushes in the yard可推测,作者建议“用一 些有挑战性的家务劳动替代常规的运动”。

40. D.根据本空前的do it with others可知,“参加 跑步、步行、徒步、骑行或者网球俱乐部”是跟别 人一起运动的方式。

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   Monique Udell,a researcher with Oregon State University,got the help of ten domesticated(驯养的) dogs,ten dogs that live in shelters,and ten wolves raised by humans. Each of the animals was presented with a tasty sausage which they could smell,but not eat. The sausage was then placed inside a plastic container with a cover connected to a short length of rope. In order to open the container and eat the sausage,they had to pull on the rope while holding down the container,a task considered fairly simple for dogs and wolves. The experiment was conducted in two ways,one in which the animals were alone,and the other one in which they were with their owners.

   Surprisingly,none of the pet dogs was able to complete the task,and only one of the shelter dogs did so. However,eight out of ten wolves succeeded.

   The presence of a human made no difference. When the owner offered encouragements,four of the shelter dogs were able to access the sausage,but still only one pet managed to do it.

   Udell also made an interesting note: pet dogs have lived alongside humans for a long time,and therefore,when feeling confused about a new situation,they tend to look at their owners for help. The dogs were asking for help,while the wolves didn't give up and tried to solve the problem themselves.

   This experiment seems to show that something about being pets made dogs lose a big part of their motivation and this affects their problem-solving ability. Perhaps even more interesting is the fact that shelter dogs did somewhat better than house dogs — which indicates that being a pet makes dogs “softer” and less motivated to solve problems. However,things are not as simple as saying that wolves are “smarter” or “more creative” than dogs.

28. The sausages used in the experiment.

   A. had a disgusting smell

   B. came from some shelters

   C. were directly tied to a rope

   D. could be reached with very little effort

29. As for the pet dogs in the experiment,the presence of their owners .

   A. produced a negative result

   B. made them totally confused

   C. had little effect on their performance

   D. gave them the greatest encouragement

30. What does the underlined part “do it” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?

   A. Pull on the rope. B. Smell the sausage.

   C. Open the container. D. Make a difference.

31. The experiment shows that .

   A. dogs hate being kept as pets

   B. pets have lost part of their wild nature

   C. shelter dogs seldom turn to others for help

   D. wolves are smarter and more creative than dogs

   Mary Streech and her friends stood by the water fountain,talking casually. It was like any other day in the seventh grade,Mary remembers,until someone pointed to a girl walking by and said,“She's so chunky( 矮胖的) .” 

   As the others joined in,it became clear: “Being chunky” was a crime. And this girl was guilty as charged.

   At first,Mary felt relieved that they weren’t ragging on her,but by that night,the day's events had given her a stomachache. “After that,I became extremely sensitive,” she says. “If anybody looked at me too long,I'd assume they were sizing up my body”

   By high school,she says, “it was like being in a shark tank." Mean comments about people's bodies were the norm,so Mary started to diet 一 she wrongly believed that watching her weight could protect her from their judgment. And sadly,one year later,that diet had developed into a serious eating disorder.

   Now recovered,Mary is fighting to end that culture of hurtful comments 一 what she calls “bodysnarking." And her timing couldn’t be,better: As we spend more and more time critiquing each other's selfies (自拍照) ,openly judging other people's looks is becoming a national pastime of sorts.

   In fact,many experts believe body-shaming others has become a way to deal with our own emotions. “Sometimes our natural response is to criticize an easy target when we feel hurt or insecure,” says psychologist Robyn Silverman.

   This tendency to attack appearances is especially dangerous for teens,whose bodies — and identities — are still developing. Even if someone else's insecurities are fueling the verbal fire,it's hard to see it that way if you’ re the one being criticized.

   The best news of all,says Aaron Blashill,a psychologist at Harvard Medical School,is that our most effective defense against the culture of criticism is to not be our own body bullies(恃强凌弱的人) .He has conducted studies showing that there's a strong link between how we feel about our appearance and our overall happiness,despite whatever shape or size we happen to be. “It's more important to change how you think about your body than to change what it looks like ,” he says.

25. The day described in Paragraph 1 became special to Mary.

   A. because a girl was bullied

   B. because of a serious crime

   C. because of the water fountain

   D. because her friends talked to her

26. What caused Mary to struggle with an eating disorder?

   A. Her friends dieting to keep healthy.

   B. Her being criticized for being chunky.

   C. Her friends looking at her for a long time.

   D. Her dieting to avoid body image problems.

27. What does Mary mean by “bodysnarking”?

   A. Strengthening the muscles of the body.

   B. Returning to the normal state of health.

   C. Controlling the movement of one's body.

   D. Criticizing somebody for their appearances.

28. We can infer from the last paragraph that to be happy,people should .

   A. be content with their bodies

   B. make friends with the tolerant

   C. try to make themselves look better

   D. avoid paying attention to their bodies

                              Need indoor fun?

   In such a hot summer,nothing is better than staying in the air-conditioned house and cheeking out some educational yet fun apps (应用程序) .

   Mystery Math Museum 

   Artgig Studio. Ages 7 to 13. $2.99. 

   Follow the ghost (幽灵) to find the dragonflies that have escaped in the museum. Collect numbers as you move through the museum,then solve equations (等式) using those numbers to unlock doors to find more of your little winged friends.

   Pizza!

   Motion Math. Ages 9 to 11. $3.99. 

   You own a pizzeria!First,take $50 to the store to buy ingredients(材料) .Name your pizza and figure out how much it should cost. Then start selling!Keep up with demand as people come pouring in to your pizzeria. At the end of the day,see how much you,ve earned. Earn enough money and you can add new pizzas to the menu and decorations to the storefront. Running a business is hard. Don't run out of money,lose the store and lose the game.

   Book Creator 

   Red Jumper. Ages 8 to 13. Free for your first book. $2. 49 for unlimited books.

   Want to make your own book about your summer vacation with Grandma? With words,photos,music and even videos,your story comes together with the help of this app. It is cool,allowing you to write words and resize photos and text. Then you can email it to Grandma.

   Trash Toys 

   Duckie Deck Development. Ages 6 to 8. $2.99.

   It's cool to make art out of trash in real life. Now you can make it on the computer,too!Start by choosing a piece of trash such as a red cup,a milk box or an old bag. Then paint it and add a few of the 50 or so decorations.

33. In Pizza!your pizzeria will close down if .

   A. you don't add new pizzas

   B. you lose all of your money

   C. your storefront isn’t decorated

   D. you fail to satisfy some customers

34. What do Mystery Math Museum and Pizza!have in common?

   A. They charge the same price.

   B. Both of them involve math problems.

   C. They are suitable for the same age group.

   D. Both of them deal with money management.

35. If you have an interest in art,you should choose the app made by .

   A. Artgig Studio

   B. Motion Math

   C. Red Jumper

   D. Duckie Deck Development

第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

The United States of America is faced with serious traffic problems. Too many cars travel on the freeways to and from the city. This heavy traffic causes delays and lots of pollution from cars that are using their engines but not moving anywhere. Many cars going nowhere is called a “traffic jam”.

While many cities in the United States have traffic problems,some of the worst are in Los Angeles,California,which is a big city with a large downtown area. One of the reasons why there is so much traffic is that few people use public transportation to get around.

Experts say one possible solution to the traffic problems in Los Angeles would be to make people want to use the public transportation system of buses instead of their own cars. People say the buses should be made easier,faster,less costly and more dependable than driving a car.

One suggestion is to reduce the cost of taking the bus. Also,Los Angeles could make the buses easier for people to use. The buses could travel to more places in the city. And there could be more special lanes on the freeways that only buses could drive in. These changes would make taking the bus faster and easier than driving a car.

Other experts have said that the best way to ease traffic problems is to charge people money to drive on the freeways. These charges,or tolls,would be for the most crowded roads. The tolls would be in effect during the times of a day when most people drive to work and home. These times in the morning and late afternoon are called “rush hour”. People would try to avoid driving on these roads,which would decrease the amount of traffic. Also,the money collected from these tolls could be used to improve the roads and public transportation system.

36. What does the passage mainly discuss?

   A. Money charged when driving cars.

   B. Causes of the heavy traffic jams.

   C. Reasons to take public transportations.

   D. Solutions to solving traffic problems.

37. Why does Los Angeles have some of the worst traffic problems?

   A. Because it is a very big city with a large population.

   B. Because most people like to get around by car.

   C. Because public transportation is very popular there.

   D. Because there are not enough roads there.

38. From the passage we can infer that .

   A. driving their own cars cost less than taking buses

   B. taking buses is faster than driving cars in downtown area

   C. public buses usually come to the stop on time

   D. it is much easier to take buses than to drive cars

39. By marking out more special lanes on the freeways,they hope .

   A. buses can travel to more places in the city

   B. private cars can run much faster on them

   C. buses seldom get stuck in the traffic jams

   D. passengers can get on and off the buses easily

40. If people are charged on the most crowded roads during “rush hour”, .

   A. less air pollution would be produced

   B. there would be no traffic jam

   C. the freeways would be more crowded

   D. the number of cars on them would be smaller

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