题目内容
9.No one knows for sure when advertising first started.It is possible that it grew out of the discovery that some people did certain kinds of work better than others did them.That led to the concept of specialization,which means that people would specialize,or focus,on doing one specific job.Let's take a man we'll call Mr.Fielder,for example.He did everything connected with farming.He planted seeds,tended the fields,and harvested and sold his crops.At the same time,he did many other jobs on the farm.However,he didn't make the bricks for his house,cut his trees into boards,make the plows (犁),or any of other hundreds of things a farm needs.Instead,he got them from people who specialized in doing each of those things.
Suppose there was another man we shall call Mr.Plowright.Using what he knew about farming and working with iron,Mr.Plowright invented a plow that made farming easier.Mr.Plowright did not really like farming himself and wanted to specialize in making really good plows.Perhaps,he thought,other farmers will trade what they grow for one of my plows.
How did Mr.Plowright let people know what he was doing?Why,he advertised,of course.First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.That sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door.It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr.Plowright and his really good plows.
Many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago.Even before most people could read,they understood such signs.Shopkeepers would carve into stone,clay,or wood symbols for the products they had for sale.
A medium,in advertising talk,is the way you communicate your message.You might say that the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols.The second medium was audio,or sound,although that term is not used exactly in the way we use it today.Originally,just the human voice and maybe some kind of simple instrument,such as a bell,were used to get people's attention.
A crier,in the historical sense,is not someone who weeps easily.It is someone,probably a man,with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of a city.In ancient Egypt,shopkeepers might hire such a person to spread the news about their products.Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods.Perhaps the crier described the goods,explained where they came from,and praised their quality.His job was,in other words,not too different from a TV or radio commercial in today's world.(478words)
41.What probably led to the start of advertisement?B
A.The discovery of iron.
B.The specialization of labor.
C.The appearance of new jobs.
D.The development of farming techniques.
42.To advertise his plows,Mr.PlowrightB.
A.praised his plows in public
B.placed a sign outside the shop
C.hung an arrow pointing to the shop
D.showed his products to the customers
43.The writer makes up the two stories of Mr.Fielder and Mr.Plowright in order toA.
A.explain the origin of advertising
B.predict the future of advertising
C.expose problems in advertising
D.provide suggestions for advertising
44.In ancient Egypt,a crier was probably someone whoD.
A.owned a ship
B.had the loudest voice
C.ran a shop selling goods to farmers
D.functioned like today's TV or radio commercial
45.The last two paragraphs are mainly aboutC.
A.the history of advertising
B.the benefits of advertising
C.the early forms of advertising
D.the basic design of advertising.
分析 本文作者通过讲述Fielder与Plowright 的两段故事,为人们分析了广告起源的过程,并且介绍了最早的两种广告形式,即:通过使用带有符号的牌子或者雇佣沿街呼唤传报消息的人(a cier).
解答 41 B 内容归纳题 根据第一段可知,作者认为广告最初可能起源于:由于面对同样的工作,有些人比其他人做的要好些,从而出现了一些从事专业化工作的人;因此是专业化的劳动促使了广告的兴起;故选B
42 B 细节理解题 根据第四段"First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers"Plowright首先开了一家商店,然后在商店外面挂起了一个牌子,来吸引顾客,向顾客推销他的犁;故选B
43 A 内容归纳题 阅读二至五段可知,作者讲述Fielder与Plowright 的两段故事,旨在告诉人们广告是在什么情况下出现的,即广告的起源;故选A
44 D 推理判断题 根据最后一段对"a cier"的介绍以及在古埃及,店主们通常雇佣他来传播他们的产品消息,并且根据本文的最后一句"His job was,in other words,not too different from a TV or radio commercial in today's world."他的工作与当今世界的电视或广播的广告没有太大的不同;故可以推测出答案D正确
45 C 段落大意题 最后两段主要概括了两种最早的广告形式即:悬挂带有符号的牌子以及雇佣沿街呼唤传报消息的人(a cier),故选C
点评 做本题时,首先应快速浏览全文,掌握文章的大意以及作者的写作思路;其次,可以通过对相关细节的理解,概括段落大意,以及通过逻辑推理,选出正确的答案.
-Don't worry.It ______ again this weekend.( )
A. | broadcasts | B. | will be broadcasted | ||
C. | is broadcasted | D. | will broadcast |
"No person ____ take books out of the reading room; otherwise he will be fined."( )
A. | should | B. | would | C. | shall | D. | must |
A.The mistaken belief B.The need for tolerance C.Unpunctuality at dinners D.Punctuality and confidence E.Self-discipline and punctuality F.Avoid anxiety by being punctual |
There is the belief that,if you arrive at an appointment late,you will be considered important.This is a mistaken view.Being unpunctual,we are not respectful of others; we are interfering (扰乱)with another man's time.We must realise that keeping appointments or being punctual is a contract that is silently agreed and we are expected to respect this contract.It is only natural that we lose faith,trust and confidence in a person who is tardy(延迟的).
62.E
To be punctual one has to have self-discipline(自律),and the lack of it affects others.A school boy or girl is unpunctual because he or she does not have the necessary human virtue of self-discipline.It is also a mark of disrespect for a system or an institution.Unpunctual people seldom realise that their habit cause problems to others.A salesman who is not punctual may not make a sale if he arrives late for an appointment.If one is late for a job interview,it is not likely that he will get the job.
63.F
Being punctual,we can avoid anxiety.Imagine the anxiety if you do not want to be considered unpunctual.You will be anxious if you set out for a dinner late.The person who sets out late might be careless in driving.He will ignore traffic rules.A traffic jam,flat tyres,etc.can delay him further.Happy and calm is the man who takes all these possibilities into consideration and arrives at the appointment either early or on time.
64.C
Many of those who attend dinners are notorious (声名狼藉的)for unpunctuality.They ignore the appointed time and leave their homes only after the fixed time.They are indifferent to the inconvenience caused to others.If the self-centred guest arrives late,the nine others at the table set for ten will have to wait.The host is put in an unpleasant situation and this man seldom thinks of the inconvenience caused to all-the waiters,the management staff,etc.It is necessary for us to think of others and be considerate to them.
65.B
However,we cannot always be intolerant (无法容忍的) of tardiness,for ordinary living requires some tolerance.There can be a busy executive who fights to keep to his schedule.Such a person may be forgiven if he is late,but not those who are deliberately late to create impression.
In modern society,punctuality is a necessary virtue.It is a recognition of the importance of other people.
M:(51)D
W:You sure did.It was a great party.(52)F
M:Well,mom started having a headache suddenly at 5.
W:Then?
M:Then she had a temperature and we rushed her to hospital in the evening.
W:(53)G
M:Not me.My father did.(54)E
W:How is she now?(55)C
M:She's doing better but the doctor says she must be there till tomorrow.
W:I wish your mother a speedy recovery.
M:Thank you.
A.Do you feel tired? B.I had meant to go. C.Is she still there at hospital? D.I'm sure I missed a lot of fun. E.I was there for 3 hours since 7. F.What was the matter with you? G.Did you spend the night at hospital? |