题目内容

1．The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard．But in the rich world，children can suffer from a different kind of poverty-of the spirit．（51）B，one Western country alone now sees 14，000attempted suicides （ 自杀 ） every year by children under 15，and one child  （52）B five needs psychiatric （心理） advice．
There are many good things about （53）A in the Third World．Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents，relatives and neighbours for example．In the West，the very nature of work puts distance between  （54）A and children．But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices．（55）C，the child sees mother and father，relations and neighbours working （56）D and often shares in that work．
A child （57）A in this way learns his or her role through joining in the community's work：helping to dig or build，look after animals or babies---rather than through playing with water and sand in kindergarten，keeping pets （58）C playing with dolls．
These children may grow up with a less oppressive sense of space and time than the western
children．Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions of
the sun or the moon in the sky．Children in the rich world，（59）C，are provided with a watch as one of the （60）Bsigns of growing up，so that they can（61）A along with their parents about being late for school times，meal times，bed times，the times of TV shows．
Third World children do not usually （62）C to stay indoors，still less in highrise apartments （公寓）．Instead of dangerous roads，"keep off the grass"signs and"don't speak to strangers"，there is often a sense of（63）D  to study and play．Parents can see their children outside rather than observe them （64）Afrom ten floors up．
（65）C，twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease．But childhood in the Third World is not all bad．

51．A．As usualB．For instanceC．In factD．In other words
52．A．byB．inC．toD．under
53．A．childhoodB．povertyC．spiritD．survival
54．A．adultsB．fathersC．neighboursD．relatives
55．A．AnyhowB．HoweverC．InsteadD．Still
56．A．awayB．aloneC．alongD．nearby
57．A．growing upB．living throughC．play ingD．working
58．A．andB．butC．orD．so
59．A．at any momentB．at the same timeC．on the other handD．on the whole
60．A．easiestB．earliestC．happiestD．quickest
61．A．careB．fearC．hurryD．worry
62．A．dareB．expectC．haveD．require
63．A．controlB．dangerC．disappointmentD．freedom
64．A．anxiouslyB．eagerlyC．impatientlyD．proudly
65．A．Above allB．In the endC．Of courseD．What's

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要将第三世界的孩子与西方国家的孩子的童年时代作了对比，阐述了各自的优点和缺点，为了生存的斗争是漫长而艰难的，但在富裕的世界里，孩子们可能会遭受一种不同类型的精神的贫困，因此我们一定要注意孩子的童年．

解答 51．B．考查固定短语．句意：在富裕的世界里孩子们在遭受着不同的贫困即：精神．例如：仅仅一个西方国家每年就有就见证了十五岁以下的孩子有14000的自杀未遂． A．As usual 像往常一样 B．For instance例如C．In fact 实际上 D．In other words换句话说根据空后内容可知此处应表示举例说明；故选B．
52．B．考查介词．句意：五个孩子中就有一个需要心理上的开导．根据固定短语：one  in+数字，．．中的一个，几分之一，故选B．
53．A．考查名词．句意：在第三世界有许多关于童年的美好的事情．根据文章开头第一段第一句话The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that 表明本文是关于第三世界的孩子的童年的调查，故选A．
54．A．考查名词．句意：在西方工作的本质就把距离摆在了成年人和孩子之间．根据下文But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices是举例说明孩子和家长之间的距离，故选A．
55．C．考查副词．句意：但是在第三世界的村子里爸爸和妈妈不是每天去几英里之外去上班，而是孩子看见爸爸，妈妈和亲戚邻居们在附近工作．根据前后两句之间的关系可以判定是做对比，A．Anyhow 无论如何 B．However然而C．Instead 反而 D．Still仍然，故选C．
56．D．考查副词．句意：而是孩子看见爸爸，妈妈和亲戚邻居们在附近工作．A．away远  B．alone 独自一人  C．along 沿着  D．nearby附近；故选D．
57．A．考查动词．句意：一个通过这种方式长大的孩子通过加入社区的工作了解了他或她所起的作用．根据下一段第一句的开头部分可以推断出A正确，故选A．
58．C．考查连词．句意：帮助挖或建，照顾动物或婴儿--而不是在幼儿园玩水玩沙，养宠物或者玩玩具娃娃．根据句意是或者，故选C．
59．C．考查固定短语．句意．A．at any moment 在任何时候  B．at the same time同时C．on the other hand 但是，表转折 D．on the whole大体上，根据前后句可以判断出是进行对比．on the other hand"另一方面，但是"故选C．
60．B．考查形容词．句意：：但是在富裕的世界，孩子们被给与一块手表作为长大的最早的标志．在西方国家，戴手表是长大的一种标志．此处强调的是时间．故选B．
61．A．考查动词．句意：所以，他们能关心和父母一起在学校的时间，吃饭的时间，睡觉时间晚，电视节目时间去掉句中的along with their parents这一修饰语，就比较容易理解了．so that后面跟的是结果状语从句，care about 关心，在意，故选A．
62．C．考查动词．句意：第三世界的孩子们不必经常呆在室内，更不必说在高楼里了，根据后面to do sht，构成短语：have to do sth 不得不，非得，don't have to意为"不必"，相当于needn't，故选C．
63．D．考查名词．句意：通常会有学习和玩的自由的感觉．根据前面children do not usually  31   to stay indoors 和Instead of dangerous roads，"keep off the grass"signs and"don't speak to strangers"，前面提到他们不必一直守在家中，由此可判断他们有学习和玩耍的"自由"．故选D．
64．A．考查副词．句意：家长可以看到孩子们在外面玩而不是焦虑地从十层的高楼上观察．A．anxiously焦虑地 B．eagerly渴望地  C．impatiently没有耐心地  D．proudly自豪地，父母担心的是外出玩耍的孩子的安全，故选A．
65．C．考查固定短语．句意：当然了，每年仍然有十二亿五岁以下的儿童遭受着饥饿和疾病．A．Above all 首先，最重要的是  B．In the end最后  C．Of course当然了    D．What's more而且，根据后面的but表转折关系，故选C．

点评 考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的能力，在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．此类的填空题一定要联系上下文，根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的判断．

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17．_______ different life today is from what it was fifty years ago!（　　）
A．WhatB．What aC．HowD．How a
10．One day an ant was drinking at a small stream and fell in．She made desperate efforts（61）to reach
（reach） the side，but made no progress at all．The poor （62）exhausted（exhaust） ant was still bravely doing her best when a dove saw her．Moved by her （63）determination（determine） and perseverance，the bird threw her a blade of grass，（64）whichsupported her like a raft，and thus the ant reached the bank again．While she was resting and drying （65）herself（she） in the grass，she （66）heard（hear） a man come near．He was walking along barefooted （67）witha gun in his hand．As soon as he saw the dove，he wished to kill it．He would certainly have done so，but the ant bit him in the foot just as he raised his gun to fire．He stopped to see （68）whathad bit him，and the dove （69）immediately（immediate） flew away．It was an animal much （70）weaker（weak） that had saved her life．
9．People who do not get enough vitamin A in their diet may develop night blindness．But in the developing world a lack of vitamin A causes much more serious harm to children．The World Health Organization links the lack of vitamin A to as many as 250.000 child deaths every year．
    One excellent source of vitamin A is found in sweet potatoes with orange flesh．Orange sweet potatoes contain high levels of beta-carotene（胡萝卜素），which our body can change into vitamin A． Experts say orange sweet potatoes specially bred （育种，培植） for growing conditions in Africa
could help solve the lack of vitamin A there．
     But，first，more people will need to be persuaded to eat them． Jan Low with the International Potato Center，a research organization says the sweet potato needs a better image in Africa． Jan Low says，…We do have an image problem with sweet potato in general in sub-Saharan Africa． It is seen as a crop of the poor．"Ms Low explains that sweet potatoes are mainly grown by poor women to feed their families in case another crop fails． The sweet potatoes commonly grown if Africa have white or yellow flesh． But，more importantly，they are low in vitamin A．
    Jan Low took part in a project to study how best to market orange sweet potatoes to Africans．She worked on an information campaign in Mozambique and Uganda．The campaign included radio messages about the nutritional benefits of the orange sweet potato．They advertised its ability to"fight diseases，make you strong，clear your skin and make you look healthy．"In areas without radio，the campaigners spread the message through community theater．The performances included singing，dancing and storytelling．And everywhere they went，the campaigners wore orange T-shirts and hats．They even drove orange vehicles．Jan Low says the color made it easier to gain public attention．
   Dan Gustafson heads the Washington office of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization． He points toefforts in the past to increase the popularity of other nutritious crops． He says most of these efforts failed because organizers of the campaigns did not consider what people wanted to eat．But Mr．Gustafson sees a better chance for the efforts to increase the popularity of the orange sweet potato in Africa． For one thing，except for the color，the vegetable is similar to what people already use．
66．What does the writer want to tell us in Para． 1？B
A． Vitamin A in food may cause night blindness．
B． People should get enough vitamin A in their diet．
C． The developing countries are in lack of vitamin A．
D． Vitamin A causes too many child deaths every year．
67．According to the passage，which of the following statements is NOT true？A
A． Orange sweet potato contains high levels of vitamin A．
B． Jan Low tries to persuade more people to eat orange sweet potato．
C． The campaign aims to advertise the benefit of orange sweet potato．
D． Fighting diseases，making you strong，clearing your skin and making you look healthy are the ability of the orange sweet potato．
68．Jan Low works forB．
A． the World Health Organization
B． the International Potato Center
C． the government of Mozambique and Uganda
D． the United Nations Food and Agriculture organization
69．The underlined phrase"points to"of Para． 5 is closest in meaning toD
A． lets            B． brings          C． takes           D． mentions
70．The passage mainly talks aboutA．
A． an image problem with orange sweet potato              
B． an information campaign in sub-Saharan area
C． the popularity of vitamin A                            
D． the function of vitamin A in people's diet．
16．Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods？One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation in your body．
Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and refined foods．When we cook foods，we destroy the natural enzymes（酶）that are part of the food in its raw form．These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food．When we consume food without these natural enzymes，our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream．In both instances，the result is obesity．When too many nutrients are absorbed at once，the body grows fat．Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive tract，where it becomes increasingly acidic （酸性的）．To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste，the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs．
Processed foods contain chemical elements，which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we've had enough to eat； as a result，people often overeat．Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle．The body will either identify these foods as allergens and then store them safely away from the organs as fat，or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste，which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body's cells．The body's metabolism（新陈代谢） becomes inactive，and the result is weight gain and obesity．
The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion increasingly inefficient．When that happens，even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common．
To stop this vicious（恶性的） circle in its tracks，people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize （使…中和）the acid already accumulated in body．Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help．It's also important to restore your enzyme balance．You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production．If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself，you need to take an active approach．-Raw and whole foods can be your choice．

31．What is the main purpose of this passage？A
A．To advocate eating more raw and whole foods．
B．To tell the differences between raw and processed foods．
C．To inform people of the harm of processed foods．
D．To warn people of the problem of obesity．
32．It can be inferred from Para.2thatB．
A．it is essential for people to protect their vital organs
B．foods with natural enzymes help people keep fit
C．we'd better be cautious about raw and whole foods
D．giving up cooked and refined foods is a new lifestyle
33．Processed foods are unhealthy because theyC．
A．destroy body's cells
B．are difficult to digest
C．may lead to obesity
D．stop body's metabolism
34．What is likely to be talked about following the last paragraph？D
A．Active approaches to avoid acid．
B．Different causes of acid accumulation．
C．Correct ways to cook raw foods．
D．Suitable types of raw and whole foods．
35．What can we learn from the text？B
A．Processed foods are good for our appetite mechanism．
B．Eating the right types of raw and whole foods does good to our body．
C．The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion more effective．
D．Processed foods also comfort the digestive tract．
4．An adult red wolf          up to 1.8metres long，including the tail．（　　）
A．growsB．measuresC．reachedD．has
2．More than a third of the babies born this year could receive a 100th birthday message from whoever happens to be on the throne in the second decade of the 22nd century，according to figures published by the Office for National Statistics （ONS）．It forecasts that 35% of the 826，000people born in 2012will live to become centenarians．
But a long life is not unalloyed good news．David Sinclair，head of policy and research at the International Longevity Centre UK，warned that for many the future may mean social isolation（隔离）as they live longer than friends and members of their families．
"It is of course good news that so many more people are living longer，"he said，"but there is a big'but1．We will be older，but in worse health，and at high risk of living alone．The other problem is that we are very poor at forward planning．We deal with the problems that are under our noses，but even problems two or three years away seem quite distant enough to put off．When you're talking about forecasts for a time half a century away and more，I see no evidence that we are putting in place the measures to deal with it．"
This year there will be 14，500centenarians in the UK，a number which is expected to increase to 110，000in 2035．
Women have higher life expectancies than men at every age：the likelihood of a girl born this year reaching her century is estimated to be 39%； for boys the figure is 32%．
The estimated number of female centenarians has risen from 500in 1961to more than 10，000in 2010，a figure which is projected to reach 71，000by 2035and 276，000by 2060．
Men are also living far longer，although their numbers are far fewer．There were an estimated 92male centenarians in 1961and just below 2，000in 2010．

35．The under lined word centenarians probably means people whoD．
A．are born this year
B．live longer than their friends
C．are in poor health
D．are a hundred or more years old
36．From what David Sinclair said，we can learnB．
A．he doesn't believe so many people are living longer
B．the older we are，the more likely we are to live alone and in poor health
C．the people who are good at forward planning are likely to live longer
D．too distant planning is not always necessary for most of us
37．Which of the following statement is true？A
A．About 289，100people born in 2012will live to 100．
B．More men will reach their century than women in the future．
C．The number of the female centenarians was 1，000in 1970s
D．More than 600people reached their century in 1961．
38．What does this passage mainly talk about？C
A．A long life is not always good news．
B．A long life also means social and physical isolation
C．In the future，more people will live to 100in the UK．
D．It is good to live to 100．
19．Leaders of the World Health Organization say they are concerned about the air quality and health efiects on citizens during a recent outbreak of heavy pollution in Beijing．Still，they said they were unsure of the exact amount the air pollution takes on any person's body，casting doubts on local reports tying the area's dirty air to particular cases of illness．
   Speaking at a briefing（情况介绍会）on Tuesday，the WHO's Western Pacific regional director，Shin Young-Soo，cited（列举）reports about poor air quality causing lung cancer in recent weeks．
"The WHO is skeptical of the information，"she said．"We're cautious of whether the illness is related to air po11ution．We know it has an impact on health，but we don't know how much．"
    The officials didn't cite particular reports．The comments follow a number of articles since late last year connecting some cases of diseases like lung cancer with pollution，．including one in November regarding an 8-year-old girl．
   The health impact of Beijing's gray skies has been on the minds of many over the past week．Local authorities on Tuesday preserved an orange alert（警报）一the city's second highest pollution-warning level-and again warned people to stay indoors．Experts widely agree that small particulates（颗粒） known as PM2.5 carry significant short-and long-term health risks，particularly with children．Other studies find a certain link between pollution and shorter life spans．
Chinese state media have noted a rise in cancer levels in Beijing，without specifying（具体说明）whether the new cases are the main result of pollution，smoking，other sources or some combination．
Bernhard Schwartlander，the organization's China chief，said he is concerned and has been in contact with national authorities．"There is no easy solution，"Dr．Schwartlainder said，adding that solving the problem requires managing industry and the economy．WHO leaders advised citizens．to stay indoors and limit exposure to the harmful particulates．When asked if wearing a face mask has any proven efficacy in preventing health effects of air pollution，Dr．Schwartlainder said，"Whatever you do，it's better than nothing．"

68．We can learn from the passage thatA．
A．in case of an orange alert，we had better not go outside
B．the case of the girl with lung cancer was little'linked to air pollution
C．cancer levels in Beijing are rising due to heavy air pollution
D．it is widely agreed that pollution shortens life spans very slightly
69．According to Dr．Schwartlander，the ways to solve the problem includeC．
A．contacting the national authorities     
B．being exposed less to harmful particulates
C．managing the enterprise and economy  
D．preventing health effects of pollution
70．What would be the best title of this passage？D
A．The dangers of heavy pollution
B．The impacts of pollution on health
C．The importance of protecting the environment
D．The uncertainty of relationship between pollution and health．
20．---Ready to give up，Jim？
---No，Hold on!I think I _____to the answer．（　　）
A．comeB．am comingC．cameD．have come

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