题目内容

2．More than a third of the babies born this year could receive a 100th birthday message from whoever happens to be on the throne in the second decade of the 22nd century，according to figures published by the Office for National Statistics （ONS）．It forecasts that 35% of the 826，000people born in 2012will live to become centenarians．
But a long life is not unalloyed good news．David Sinclair，head of policy and research at the International Longevity Centre UK，warned that for many the future may mean social isolation（隔离）as they live longer than friends and members of their families．
"It is of course good news that so many more people are living longer，"he said，"but there is a big'but1．We will be older，but in worse health，and at high risk of living alone．The other problem is that we are very poor at forward planning．We deal with the problems that are under our noses，but even problems two or three years away seem quite distant enough to put off．When you're talking about forecasts for a time half a century away and more，I see no evidence that we are putting in place the measures to deal with it．"
This year there will be 14，500centenarians in the UK，a number which is expected to increase to 110，000in 2035．
Women have higher life expectancies than men at every age：the likelihood of a girl born this year reaching her century is estimated to be 39%； for boys the figure is 32%．
The estimated number of female centenarians has risen from 500in 1961to more than 10，000in 2010，a figure which is projected to reach 71，000by 2035and 276，000by 2060．
Men are also living far longer，although their numbers are far fewer．There were an estimated 92male centenarians in 1961and just below 2，000in 2010．

35．The under lined word centenarians probably means people whoD．
A．are born this year
B．live longer than their friends
C．are in poor health
D．are a hundred or more years old
36．From what David Sinclair said，we can learnB．
A．he doesn't believe so many people are living longer
B．the older we are，the more likely we are to live alone and in poor health
C．the people who are good at forward planning are likely to live longer
D．too distant planning is not always necessary for most of us
37．Which of the following statement is true？A
A．About 289，100people born in 2012will live to 100．
B．More men will reach their century than women in the future．
C．The number of the female centenarians was 1，000in 1970s
D．More than 600people reached their century in 1961．
38．What does this passage mainly talk about？C
A．A long life is not always good news．
B．A long life also means social and physical isolation
C．In the future，more people will live to 100in the UK．
D．It is good to live to 100．

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了世界上长寿的百岁老人越来越多．长寿也是让人恼火的事．因为我们比家人和朋友长寿，这可能导致与社会隔离，更孤单．因为年老身体状况会更差，而我们对未来的计划准备得还不够充分．平均女性比男性更长寿，但是男性长寿的人数比以前也增加了．

解答 35．D．词意猜测题．根据文章第一段的意思：根据ONS发表的数字判断：今年出生的三分之一的婴儿可能会收到来自二十二世纪二十年代的百岁老人的百岁祝贺信息．2012年出生的826，000中有35%的人将成为世纪老人．再结合该单词的词根centen 推测，centenarians 为世纪老人．故选D．
36．B．推理判断题．根据第三段DavidSinclair 所说的话"but there is a big'but1．We will be older，but in worse health，and at high risk of living alone"判断：他认为长寿不一定是好消息．因为年龄越大身体状况越差，比家人和朋友活得长就意味着孤独与社会隔绝．其他选项和他的观点不符；故选B．
37．A..细节判断题． 根据文章最后一段可知女性比男性长寿，所以B错；C想在文中没提；根据文章倒数第二段的1961年有500多人到百岁判断，D错；根据第一段最后一句话"It forecasts that 35% of the 826，000people born in 2012will live to become centenarians"计算：826，000×35%=289，100，故选A．
38．C．大意归纳题．根据第一段和后面的介绍判断，文章要告诉读者一个事实：美国有越来越多的人将成为世纪老人．而这个消息的好与坏有个别人对这一事实的分析评价，属于个人观点；故选C．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

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1．The hit movie Finding Nemo follows a clownfish from the Great Barrier Reef． In real life，clownfish are among the thousands of colorful sea creatures that call the Great Barrier Reef home．Stretching l，250 miles along Australia's northeastern． coast，the Great Barrier Reef is the longest coral reef in the world．
    A coral reef is a living underwater structure． But these days，the Great Barrier Reef has found itself in trouble．Overfishing，pollution，and high temperatures are harming its health． That's why the government in Australia is trying to help rescue the reef．
Underwater Garden
   While coral may look like a plant，it is actually made up of tiny sea animal．Those sea animals are called coral polyps． 
   As polyps die，they leave hard．shells behind． Other polyps grow on top of the shells．Over thousands of years，they form a coral reef in warm water that is not very deep．
   In many ways，the Great Barrier Reef resembles an underwater garden．  Coral can be hard or soft．It forms in different colors and in strange shapes．Some coral looks like hardened brains． Other coral looks like fans and lettuces．
  The reef bursts with schools of tropical fish，dashing among gaps in the coral．The reef supplies food． and． shelter to creatures living in and around the coral．  Turtles，sharks，sea horses，and crabs are among its many inhabitants．
Helping Humans
     While the reef is important to ocean life，it helps humans，too．  People rely on the reef for both food and jobs． It also provides medicine used to treat disease．  Each year，the Great Barrier Reef contributes about  $ 975 million to the economy through tourism and fishing．
Stressed Out   
    Is it surprising，then，that the Great Barrier Reef is under too much stress？Fishing nets and ships break off sections and damage the reef．  Air and water pollution are also doing harm． At the same time，warmer sea temperatures have caused coral bleaching（漂白） on half of the reef． The high temperatures cause the coral to turn white，often killing it．
Reef Rescue
    In an effort to help save the reef，the government has limited fishing to two thirds of it． That plan increases the number of"green zones．"Those are areas that are off-limits to fishermen and boats． However，tourists and researchers can still visit them． Many fishermen are upset about the plan because they rely on the reef for jobs．
     The Australian government says that its plan will help keep the reef safe from some threats．"It is very important that we give   B reef proper protection for the future，"said one government official．  The reef is Australia's greatest natural treasure．

35．Which of the following is not a creature that lives in the Great Barrier Reef？D
A．  Coral polyps． 
B． Turtles．       
C．  Sea horses．  
D． Whales．
36． Which section describes the problem in this passage？C
A．"Underwater Garden"
B．"Helping Humans
C．"Stressed Out"
D．"Reef Rescue"
37．What picture can the reader get from the underlined sentence"The reef bursts with schools of tropical fish，dashing among gaps in the coral．"in Paragraph 6？C
A． Many fish quickly moving through the coral．
B．  Fish moving toward the center，or target，of the coral．
C．  Structured，orderly groups of young fish without a clear path． 
D． Fish exploding when they come into contact with gaps in the coral．
38．What is this passage mostly about？A
A． The causes of reef problems an  possible solutions．
B． Coral bleaching，which causes the reef to turn white．
C． The history of tourism to the Great Barrier Reef．
D． Overfishing and higher temperatures．
4．Some people have travelled to Canada while others may have just heard of it．As is known to all，the Canadian red and white mildly leaf flag is officially called The National Flag of Canada．The Canadian flag shows a stylized red maple leaf with 11points on a white background，with red borders down each side．The Canadian flag is twice as long as its width．The white square containing the red maple leaf is the same width as the flag．Canada is a very large country，too．It is the second largest country in the world．By contrast，it has a very small population．There are only about 29million people there．Most Canadians are of British or French origin，and French is an official language as well as English．About 45% of the people are of British origin，that is，they or their parents or grandparents，etc．come from Britain．Nearly 30% are of French origin．Most of the French-Canadians live in the province of Quebec．Over the years，people have come to live in Canada from many countries in the world．They are mostly from European countries and also from China，as well as other Asian countries．
However，Canada was not an empty country when the Europeans began to arrive．Canadian-Indian lived along the coast，by the rivers and lakes and in forests．Today there are only 350 000Canadian-Indians in the whole country，with their own language．In the far north live the Inuits．There are only 27 000Canadian-Inuits．Their life is hard in such a harsh climate．

21．What is the population of Quebec？B
A．More than 29，000，000people．
B．About 30% of the total population．
C．Over 45% of the total population．
D．Less than 30% of the French-Canadians．
22．Which of the following stands for Canada？A
23．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage？C
A．The Canadian flag is twice as wide as its length．
B．Most Indians are now forced to live along the coast．
C．Nowadays Inuits still have difficult living conditions．
D．Nobody existed when the Europeans began to arrive in Canada．
1．The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard．But in the rich world，children can suffer from a different kind of poverty-of the spirit．（51）B，one Western country alone now sees 14，000attempted suicides （ 自杀 ） every year by children under 15，and one child  （52）B five needs psychiatric （心理） advice．
There are many good things about （53）A in the Third World．Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents，relatives and neighbours for example．In the West，the very nature of work puts distance between  （54）A and children．But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices．（55）C，the child sees mother and father，relations and neighbours working （56）D and often shares in that work．
A child （57）A in this way learns his or her role through joining in the community's work：helping to dig or build，look after animals or babies---rather than through playing with water and sand in kindergarten，keeping pets （58）C playing with dolls．
These children may grow up with a less oppressive sense of space and time than the western
children．Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions of
the sun or the moon in the sky．Children in the rich world，（59）C，are provided with a watch as one of the （60）Bsigns of growing up，so that they can（61）A along with their parents about being late for school times，meal times，bed times，the times of TV shows．
Third World children do not usually （62）C to stay indoors，still less in highrise apartments （公寓）．Instead of dangerous roads，"keep off the grass"signs and"don't speak to strangers"，there is often a sense of（63）D  to study and play．Parents can see their children outside rather than observe them （64）Afrom ten floors up．
（65）C，twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease．But childhood in the Third World is not all bad．

51．A．As usualB．For instanceC．In factD．In other words
52．A．byB．inC．toD．under
53．A．childhoodB．povertyC．spiritD．survival
54．A．adultsB．fathersC．neighboursD．relatives
55．A．AnyhowB．HoweverC．InsteadD．Still
56．A．awayB．aloneC．alongD．nearby
57．A．growing upB．living throughC．play ingD．working
58．A．andB．butC．orD．so
59．A．at any momentB．at the same timeC．on the other handD．on the whole
60．A．easiestB．earliestC．happiestD．quickest
61．A．careB．fearC．hurryD．worry
62．A．dareB．expectC．haveD．require
63．A．controlB．dangerC．disappointmentD．freedom
64．A．anxiouslyB．eagerlyC．impatientlyD．proudly
65．A．Above allB．In the endC．Of courseD．What's
6．Were you the first or the last child in your family？Or were you a middle or an only child？Some people think （61）itmatters where you were born in your family．But there are different ideas about  what birth order means．Some people say that oldest children，（62）whoare smart and strong-willed，are very likely（63）to succeed（succeed）．The reason（64）forthis is simple．Parents have a lot of time for their first child and give him or her a lot of attention．An only child will succeed for（65）thesame reason．
What happens to the（66）otherchildren in the family？Middle children don't get so much attention，so they don't feel that important．If a family has many children，the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd．The youngest child，（67）however，often gets special treatment．Often this child grows up to be funny．But a recent study saw things quite（68）differently（difference）．The study found that first children believed in family rules．They didn't take many chances in（69）theirlives．They usually（70）followed（follow） orders．Rules didn't mean as much to later children in the family．They took chances and they often did better in life．
7．Since the beginning of the year，smog has covered parts of North China．In January，Beijing saw only five days without smog．The rising PM 2.5readings terrified many people，and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious，hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory（呼吸系统）and heart diseases．
Later，news of polluted underground water in some provinces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe．
So the need to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere．
Smog especially is a common concern．Like a popular online post said，air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone，despite your income or vocation．People with higher incomes are able to drink only bottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices，but they breathe the same air as everyone else．
At a meeting on Monday，many Representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality，too．One talked about his experience in Beijing．"After taking a taxi from the capital airport to my hotel，which took about an hour，I washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black．We should ask ourselves this question：Why do we want to develop？It's for living a better life．Dirty air is definitely not a better life，"he said．
China needs to develop its economy and invest（投资） in high-tech．Every Chinese wants a strong country．But without blue sky，clean water and safe food，the achievements in the economy will become meaningless．Space technologies are not to be developed for building a base on Mars so that one day all human beings can migrate to the red planet because they have destroyed Earth．
What the public wants is a strong and beautiful China．President Hu Jintao spoke at the 18th Party Congress last November saying that great efforts must be made to promote ecological progress and build a beautiful China．The words have shown the central government's resolution to address the environment issue．

41．The effect of smog doesn't includeC．
A．the rising of PM 2.5readings
B．more people suffering diseases
C．the increase of people's income
D．patients increased in hospital
42．Why smog has become a common concern？B
A．Because people have to pay higher prices．
B．Because nobody can avoid it．
C．Because we have to develop industry．
D．Because a popular online-post discussed it．
43．To make China stronger we have to develop economy，butB．
A．we have to sacrifice air as the price 
B．the dirty air is not what we want
C．ecological progress can be ignored
D．the smog is the only byproduct
44．The underlined word"they"in paragraph 6refers toA．
A．human beings
B．other plants
C．space technologies
D．industrial development
45．From the last two paragraphs we can infer thatD．
A．high-tech can completely solve the problem of pollution
B．space technologies should be developed in a large scale
C．we can move to the Mars after the earth has been destroyed
D．we must protect the environment while developing economy．
14．Why is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired？There is no one answer that applies to every individual．But many people fail to note the difference between fatigue，physical tiredness and sleepiness，the inability to stay awake．It's possible to feel"tired"physically and still be unable to fall asleep，because while your body may be exhausted，you don't feel sleepy．To fall asleep，you need enough time to relax，even if you feel fatigued．It's not so easy to simply"turn off"．According to Carl E．Hunt，director of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research in Bethesda，Maryland，most people do not allow themselves relaxed．
Lack of sleep complicates matters even more．Experts say adults need at least 7 to 8 hours of sleep a night to function properly．When you get less sleep than that on consecutive （连续） nights，you begin to be burdened by"sleep debt"．As sleep debt increases （and functionality decreases），your body experiences a stress response and begins to release adrenaline （肾上腺素）．Now a bad cycle has been created：You experience the feeling of being more and more tired，but your body is increasingly stimulated．"Power sleeping"for more hours on weekends is only a temporary solution．"There is no substitute for getting a good night's sleep on a regular basis，"says Hunt．
Most of us，however，don't get the sleep we need．According to the 2002 National Sleep Foundation，Americans sleep an average of 6.9 hours per night during the week，and 58 percent of adults experience sleeplessness a few nights a week or more．

33．The writer intends to tell usD．
A．Americans don't get enough sleep
B．what benefits we can get from enough sleep   
C．lack of sleep has a bad effect on our body  
D．why it's difficult for overtired people to fall asleep  
34．Which of the following is NOT caused by lack of sleep？C
A．Power sleeping．                        
B．Sleep debt．
C．Lack of adrenaline．                    
D．Function badly．
35．From the passage we can draw a conclusion that lack of sleepD．
A．is so common that it isn't worth paying attention to
B．doesn't matter for it can be solved by"Power sleeping
C．can make it easy to fall asleep when one is overtired
D．may make it difficult to fall asleep when one is overtired．
11．You are advised to do as the Romans do when you travel      the customs are really different from your own．（　　）
A．in whichB．whatC．whenD．where
12．Every evening，15-year-old Rashida returns home from school，changes out of her uniform，and rushes to a neighboring farm to help her mother harvest vegetables．Her father is disabled，so the modest profit the two of them earn must cover food，clothing and other necessities for all seven children and their parents．Despite having precious little time to study，Rashida is one of the top students at her junior secondary school．But with so much responsibility on her small shoulders，she admits that it is sometimes hard for her to imagine a more promising future．
Last year，Rashida was invited to join 155 other girls at Camfed Ghana's first Girls'Career Camp，a program designed to inspire girls growing up in the country's Northern Region to dream big，and to support them to pursue those dreams．"We organized this camp because we wanted to let girls know that even if they are struggling with poverty，their lives will not be defined by limitations，"says Dolores Dickson，Camfed Ghana's Executive Director．
Over the course of five days，the camp led the junior and secondary school students through a range of experiences and career opportunities that were entirely new to them．Dr．Agnes Apusiga，a lecturer from the University of Development Studies，ran the workshop on goal-setting and career choices，describing the universities and training colleges in Ghana that could help them achieve their dreams．Participants then visited the University for Development Studies，where they toured the medical school and science labs．Another highlight was a workshop at the computer lab at Tamale Secondary School．Many of the girls had studied information technology from a book but had never before seen a computer．
"When the girls arrived at camp，they were not ambitious，because they didn't have any idea what the world held for them，"says Eugenia Ayagiba，Project Officer with Camfed Ghana．"Many had scarcely traveled beyond their own villages．"
"I t hink the most important thing that happened at the camp is th at we opened a window of hope for a group of girls coming from backgrounds of poverty，"says Eugenia．For Rashida，who has been laughed at in the past by her schoolmates because of her father's disability，the experience was important．"She told one of the camp mentors（辅导员） that when she is at school，she often feels like a misfit，and she prefers to keep to herself，"says Eugenia．"But at the camp，it was different．She made friends with girls who have similar struggles．She took part in every single activity，every single game．On the last day，she said to her mentor，‘The camp has challenged me to study hard．Now I see that there is light at the end of the tunnel．'
24．How many are there in Rashida's family？C
A．Seven        B．Eight          C．Nine              D．Ten
25．Why did the camp lead the students to visit universities and training colleges？B
A．To show they are better than their schools
B．To encourage them to get good education．
C．To show them what they are like
D．To get them to touch the advanced equipment there
26．What can we infer from the passage？D
A．Rashida has become friends with her mentors
B．Rashida's mentors has encouraged her a lot．
C．Rashida was sad because of her father's disability．
D．Rashida has had her new dream since the camp
27．The best title of the passage isB．
A．Poor Girls in Ghana                            
B．Girls'Career Camp
C．Camfed Ghana                                    
D．Students in Ghana Dream Big．

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