题目内容

13.When did you last visit a shopping mall?In many places,the answer would be"last weekend."Some people go even more often.Why?Shopping malls offer goods and services all in one place:food,clothing,things for their houses,entertainment,even medical services.So,are they one of the highlights of modern civilization?Environmental activists would say no and would go even further,arguing that consumer behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster.They cause consumers'ignorance of the side effect of their shopping----urban sprawl (蔓延).
Social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape a lot.Before 1950,most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work or took public transportation.Only very wealthy people had automobiles.Farmers lived in rural areas or far-away villages and came into town only when they needed things they couldn't produce themselves.If you stared at the landscape you would see towns surrounded by the countryside.
Now automobiles become affordable and people are quick to make use of them.Ambitious workers could live in suburbs,just outside cities,which have started to grow rapidly.As long as there is lots of cheap land there,no one pays much attention to the usage of that land.Malls,fast food restaurants,cinemas,and such spread out in large,flat buildings.These one-storey buildings and their parking lots take up too much space.Many farmers think they are better off selling their land than growing crops.No one has realized once the land is built up in urban sprawl,the good farming land will be ruined forever.There is no way to preserve it.
Only in recent years have people come to miss the old way of life as they have looked into the problems of unconditional growth.Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental problems.The bad effects that sprawl brings about include air and water pollution,loss of agricultural land,traffic jams,and so on.Many scholars think it's time to analyze the problems better so we can develop proper policies to control further sprawl.Some think the best way to do is to educate citizens.
(Note:Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)

78.What does the underlined word"They"refer to in the first paragraph?Shopping malls
79.In the past,farmers in the countryside only went to towns or cities tobuy things they couldn't produce themselves.
80.Besides the mobility made possible by automobiles,what other two factors have led to the unconditional growth?.Cheap land/Wrong (Wasteful) land usage and farmers'selling their (farming) land
81.Now people come to realize the importance of protecting environment and dealing with the serious problem brought about by(further) urban sprawl.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章向我们叙述了城市扩张的副作用,无条件增长的问题使人们意识到城市扩张带来了严重的环境问题,蔓延带来的不良影响包括空气和水的污染,农业用地的损失,交通堵塞等等.因此呼吁读者要有环保意识.

解答 78.Shopping malls.根据文章"They cause consumers'ignorance of the side effect of their shopping----urban sprawl"可知购物中心导致消费者忽视了购物的副作用----城市扩张蔓延;故填Shopping malls.
79.buy things they couldn't produce themselves.根据第二段"Farmers lived in rural areas or far-away villages and came into town only when they needed things they couldn't produce themselves"可知农民住在农村或远离村庄,只有当他们需要的东西,他们不能自己生产才会进城;故填buy things they couldn't produce themselves.
80.Cheap land/Wrong (Wasteful) land usage and farmers'selling their (farming) land.根据下文可得两个因素"lots of cheap land""Many farmers think they are better off selling their land than growing crops"可知大量的廉价土地和许多农民认为他们更好地出售他们的土地比种植作物就是另外两个原因.
81.(further) urban sprawl.根据最后一段"Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental problems",现在人们意识到城市扩张带来了严重的环境问题,可知引起的原因是城市扩张,故填urban sprawl.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

练习册系列答案
相关题目
1.Here are some tips for applying to US colleges.
Why are American universities so expensive?
First of all,I'll say that American education is expensive for Americans but you're getting a high-quality education from some of the best professors in the world with some of the best resources and facilities in the world.American universities have state-of-the-art laboratories,computers,research systems,classrooms and all that is expensive.And also at many U.S.universities,you're learning from leading researchers and people who are at the top of the line in their field so it's also expensive for universities to have those people as professors.So,you're paying for a quality product-that's why it's very expensive.
What kind of financial aid is available?
It really depends on the university what kind of financial aid is available.There are a lot of opportunities out there for international students.There are some universities that have merit-based scholarships.Many have scholarships in general for international students.There are athletic scholarships,scholarships based on a specific talent.
Are school rankings important?
I know that rankings matter to a lot of parents and students worldwide,but here in the U.S.we pay very little attention to rankings.The rankings that are produced are actually the opinion of several different magazines.The official government doesn't have a universal ranking system.With that said,we know that for many families abroad and outside the United States,rankings are very important.So as a university,we try to make that information available so that students can see our rankings.
How can I prepare for the visa interview?
As long as you are a genuine student,it's likely that you will receive your visa.When you go for the interview they're looking for generally three things.
One,of course,when you go into that visa interview,you should really know things about the university that you're going to,why you're going there,why you want to study,what you want to study-that's how you show that you're a genuine student.
The second thing that they're looking for is to be sure that you have the finances to cover your educational program.You'll have to submit the same bank documentation you used in order to get your I-20to the U.S.Embassy as part of your interview to prove that you are able to pay for your education in the U.S.
The next thing that they're mainly looking for is to be sure that you're a legitimate student and that you're not looking to move to the United States,that you have a reason to return to your home country,prospective employment.

46.The passage mainly talks about some tips for applying to US colleges exceptA.
A.high-quality education 
B.financial aid
C.school rankings                                                              
D.visa interview
47.Why are American universities so expensiveB?
A.Because there are so many international students aims at applying to US colleges.
B.Because Americans are getting a high-quality education.
C.Because state-of-the-art laboratories,computers,research systems,classrooms are
all expensive.
D.Because leading researchers and top professors are expensive for universities
48.What kind of financial aid is availableD?
A.merit-based scholarships
B.athletic scholarships
C.scholarships based on a specific talent.
D.It depends on the university
49.Why do American universities try to make the school rankings availableC?
A.Rankings matter to a lot of parents and students in the U.S.
B.They want to let students get whole information so that they can see their rankings clear.
C.Many families abroad and outside the United States pay great attention to school rankings
D.The rankings that are produced are actually the opinion of several different magazines.
50.Which of the following statement is trueD?
A.American universities have the best professors in the world.
B.Universities have merit-based scholarships for every international student.
C.Rankings are very important in U.S.,so we try to make that information available
D.You'll have to submit the same bank documentation you used in order to get your proof
to the U.S.
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A unique book contains 50 easy-to-follow container designs.Each design provides a simple numbered planting plan that shows exactly how to create each display,with an instruction of the finished planter and in-depth plant information.The plans are easy to follow and for any type of living space or garden.
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60.You can most probably read the passage in aD
A.travel guide B.reference book   C.textbook D.newspaper
61.How much money could you save if you want to buy a travel book?A
A.$10.20.B.?6.46.C.S13.96.D.?19.80.
62.Which of the following could help you to deal with common diseases without a doctor?C
A.Off the Beaten Path.
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C./80/Home Remedies.
D.Best Weekend Projects.
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B.To advise readers to read more in spare time.
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5.Cold blesses us all
It's November,the time of year when people often get blessed more.This is not because God likes cold weather,nor because others are feeling generous with.Thanksgiving just around the corner.(36)D
Colds and the flu are'the most common illnesses people get in autumn and winter as the weather gets colder.They are all caused by viruses,but colds are generally milder-you'll feel annoyed but not as if you want to die.
Teenagers catch average six to ten colds a year,according to statistics from the Ministry of Health,while adults average two to four.More than 200viruses cause cold symptoms.(37)AYou can be contagious(传染的)one day before symptoms develop and for up to five days after becoming sick.
The signature symptom of a cold is a runny nose.The flu will make you burn with fever,ache all over,feel extremely tired and cough intensely.The flu can sometimes lead to more serious diseases,such as pneumonia.
(38)_F.A doctor can test you to see whether you have the flu in the first few days of the illness.But some treatments for both are pretty much the same:
●(39)BMany doctors consider water a weapon against the common cold.It helps your blood drive off viruses and flood them out.
●Keep warm.You might be cold one minute and hot the next,and wearing several layers is ver3r important.
●Wash your hands frequently.You don't want to make it worse by spreading the flu to everyone else.
Also,avoid sharing cups and eating utensils with other people.
(40)GBut if your flu symptoms get worse,go to a hospital or clinic right away.

A.You can pass on the flu before you even know you have it.
B.Drink lots of water.
C.Taking medicine on time is a good way to prevent the illness.
D."Bless you!"is a common response to sneezes,the symptom of catching a cold or the flu.
E.Get lots of sleep and take it easy.
F.Sometimes,it's hard to tell a cold from the flu based on symptoms alone.
G.Most people who catch the flu get better without having to see their doctor.
5.Adding math talk to story time at home is a winning equation for children's math achievement,according to a new research from the University of Chicago.The study from psychologists Sian Beilock and Susan Levine shows a marked increase in math achievement among children whose families used Bedtime Math,an iPad app that delivers engaging math story problems for parents and children to solve together.
  Even children who used the app with their parents as little as once a week saw gains in math achievement by the end of the school year.The app's effect was especially strong for children whose parents tend to be anxious or uncomfortable with math.
Previous research from this group has demonstrated the importance of adults'attitudes about math for children's math success.For example,a recent study found that math-anxious parents who help their children with math homework actually weaken their children's math achievement.
  The new findings demonstrate that structured,positive interactions around math at home can cut the link between parents'uneasiness about math and children's low math achievement.
"Many Americans experience high levels of anxiety when they have to solve a math problem,with a majority of adults feeling at least some worries about math,"said Beilock,professor in Psychology and author of Choke,a book about stress and performance."These math-anxious parents are probably less likely to talk about math at home,which affects how competent their children are in math.Bedtime Math encourages a dialogue between parents and kids about math,and offers a way to engage in high-quality math interactions in a low-effort,high-impact way."
  Study participants included 587 first-grade students and their parents.Families were given an iPad installed with a version of the Bedtime Math app,with which parents and their children read stories and answer questions involving math,including topics like counting,shapes and problem-solving.A control group received a reading app that had similar stories without the math content and questions related to reading comprehension instead.Children's math achievement was assessed at the beginning and end of the school year.Parents completed a questionnaire about their nervousness with math.
  The more times parents and children in the math group used the app,the higher children's achievement on a math assessment at the end of the school year.Indeed,children who frequently used the math app with their parents outperformed similar students in the reading group by almost three months in math achievement at year's end.

74.Bedtime Math is an iPad app thatD.
A.requires parents and children to answer reading comprehension questions
B.assesses children's math achievement and parents'nervousness with math
C.teaches children how to count,recognize shapes and solve practical problems
D.encourages children together with their parents to solve math story problems
75.The previous study found thatB.
A.help from math-anxious parents improves children's math achievement
B.children'math achievement is related to parents'attitude about math
C.interactions around math at home will cut off the family relationship
D.children can achieve more success if they see the importance of math
76.We can infer from the passage thatC.
A.children using app for three months can see gains in math achievement
B.children whose parents are uneasy about math outperform other students
C.it is the math problems related to the stories that make the great difference 
D.the frequency of using the app has nothing to do with children's achievement.
77.Which is the best title for the passage?A
A.High-quality math interactions improve performance.
B.Frequent use of app can develop problem solving ability.
C.Low-effort activities create good parent-child relationship.
D.High-anxiety parents influence children's attitude about math.
6.As the 2016Presidential election is approaching,US high school students have become more interested in the election.They hope to have a say in deciding the next US president.
Wilentz said the country needs change."Even though I will not be old enough to vote in the next presidential election,my voice matters."Wilentz said."Discussions I may have with my peers,debates with teachers and communication with my parents allow me to be heard and give my opinions meaning."
Jean,a former vote director,said teenagers should be paying attention to the presidential election because many high school students will be of voting age by election time.She said candidates have views and positions on certain topics that may affect teens'lives.
Ohayon is concerned about issues that younger Americans face,such as the cost of college education.Ohayon said,"It is my responsibility to try to persuade my parents and other adults to concern themselves with the issues important to the younger generation while voting."
Jean said teenagers can also influence the election in other ways by getting involved in campaigns.She suggests that teenagers who actually believe in one of the candidates find the local offices for a campaign and volunteer.Campaign volunteers arrange materials,wave signs and go into neighborhoods to drop off brochures and try to get the word out.

28.What's the main idea of the passage?D
A.The USA needs some changes.    
B.Teenagers make the final decision.
C.U.S.Presidential election approaches.
D.Teenagers show interest in election.
29.Which of the following opinions will Jean agree with?D
A.Teens are old enough to vote.    
B.Debates help teens'views heard.
C.Parents should consider kids'views.
D.Candidates'views may affect teens'lives.
30.Which candidate might Ohayon advise his parents to vote for?B
A.One against increasing income tax.    
B.One for improving campus security.
C.One against lowering university fees.
D.One for lowering unemployment rate.
31.How can teenagers influence the election?B
A.By voting for a candidate.    
B.By volunteering in campaigns.
C.By fighting for rights to vote.
D.By taking lead in the election.

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