题目内容

5.Adding math talk to story time at home is a winning equation for children's math achievement,according to a new research from the University of Chicago.The study from psychologists Sian Beilock and Susan Levine shows a marked increase in math achievement among children whose families used Bedtime Math,an iPad app that delivers engaging math story problems for parents and children to solve together.
  Even children who used the app with their parents as little as once a week saw gains in math achievement by the end of the school year.The app's effect was especially strong for children whose parents tend to be anxious or uncomfortable with math.
Previous research from this group has demonstrated the importance of adults'attitudes about math for children's math success.For example,a recent study found that math-anxious parents who help their children with math homework actually weaken their children's math achievement.
  The new findings demonstrate that structured,positive interactions around math at home can cut the link between parents'uneasiness about math and children's low math achievement.
"Many Americans experience high levels of anxiety when they have to solve a math problem,with a majority of adults feeling at least some worries about math,"said Beilock,professor in Psychology and author of Choke,a book about stress and performance."These math-anxious parents are probably less likely to talk about math at home,which affects how competent their children are in math.Bedtime Math encourages a dialogue between parents and kids about math,and offers a way to engage in high-quality math interactions in a low-effort,high-impact way."
  Study participants included 587 first-grade students and their parents.Families were given an iPad installed with a version of the Bedtime Math app,with which parents and their children read stories and answer questions involving math,including topics like counting,shapes and problem-solving.A control group received a reading app that had similar stories without the math content and questions related to reading comprehension instead.Children's math achievement was assessed at the beginning and end of the school year.Parents completed a questionnaire about their nervousness with math.
  The more times parents and children in the math group used the app,the higher children's achievement on a math assessment at the end of the school year.Indeed,children who frequently used the math app with their parents outperformed similar students in the reading group by almost three months in math achievement at year's end.

74.Bedtime Math is an iPad app thatD.
A.requires parents and children to answer reading comprehension questions
B.assesses children's math achievement and parents'nervousness with math
C.teaches children how to count,recognize shapes and solve practical problems
D.encourages children together with their parents to solve math story problems
75.The previous study found thatB.
A.help from math-anxious parents improves children's math achievement
B.children'math achievement is related to parents'attitude about math
C.interactions around math at home will cut off the family relationship
D.children can achieve more success if they see the importance of math
76.We can infer from the passage thatC.
A.children using app for three months can see gains in math achievement
B.children whose parents are uneasy about math outperform other students
C.it is the math problems related to the stories that make the great difference 
D.the frequency of using the app has nothing to do with children's achievement.
77.Which is the best title for the passage?A
A.High-quality math interactions improve performance.
B.Frequent use of app can develop problem solving ability.
C.Low-effort activities create good parent-child relationship.
D.High-anxiety parents influence children's attitude about math.

分析 本文属于说明文要的,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述了父母在孩子们睡前给他们讲与数学有关的故事会使他们的数学水平显著提高,并提出家长对于数学的态度会影响孩子的数学成就.

解答 74.D  细节理解题,根据第一段The study from psychologists Sian Beilock and Susan Levine shows a marked increase in math achievement among children whose families used Bedtime Math,an iPad app that delivers engaging math story problems for parents and children to solve together.可知iPad的应用程序睡前数学鼓励孩子和他们的父母一起解决数学故事问题,故选D.
75.B  推理判断题,根据第三段Previous research from this group has demonstrated the importance of adults'attitudes about math for children's math success.可知以前的研究发现孩子们的数学成就与家长关于数学的态度有关,故选B.
76.C  推理判断题,根据第一段The study from psychologists Sian Beilock and Susan Levine shows a marked increase in math achievement among children whose families used Bedtime Math以及最后一段Indeed,children who frequently used the math app with their parents outperformed similar students in the reading group by almost three months in math achievement at year's end.可知与数学问题有关的故事会使孩子们的数学水平显著提高,故选C.
77.A  主旨大意题,通读全文可知本文主要向我们介绍了高质量的数学交流会提升我们的表现,故选A.

点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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9.Meaning of Happiness
"Are you happy?"I asked my brother,Lan,one day,
"Yes.No.It depends what you mean,"he said.
"Then tell me,"I said,"when was the last time you think you were happy?"
"April 1967,"he said,
It served me right for putting a serious question to someone who has joked his way through life.But Lan's answer reminded me that when we think about happiness,we usually think of something extraordinary,a pinnacle(顶点) of sheer (纯粹的) delight,(71)D
(72)A I remember playing police and robbers in the woods,getting a speaking part in the school play.Of course,kids also experience lows,but their delight at such peaks of pleasure as winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved.
In the teenage years,the concept of happiness changes.(73)GI can still feel the pain of not being invited to a party that almost everyone else was going to.I also remember the great happiness of being invited at another event to dance with a very handsome young man.
In adulthood the things that bring great joy-birth,love,marriage-also bring responsibility and the risk of loss.Love may not last; loved ones die.For adults,happiness is complex.
My dictionary defines"happy"as"lucky"or"fortunate".But I think a better definition of happiness is"the ability to enjoy something".(74)E It's easy to overlook the pleasure we get from loving and being loved,the company of friends,the freedom to live where we please,even good health.
While happiness may be more complex for us,the solution is the same as ever.Happiness isn't about what happens to us; it's the ability to find a positive for every negative,and view a difficulty as a challenge.(75)F

A.For a child,happiness has a magic quality.
B.You never know where happiness will turn up next.
C.So we chase it and make it equal to wealth and success.
D.And those pinnacles seem to get rarer,the older we get.
E.The more we can enjoy what we have,the happier we are.
F.It's not wishing for what we don't have,but enjoying what we do possess.
G.Suddenly it's conditional on such things as excitement,love,and popularity.
13.When did you last visit a shopping mall?In many places,the answer would be"last weekend."Some people go even more often.Why?Shopping malls offer goods and services all in one place:food,clothing,things for their houses,entertainment,even medical services.So,are they one of the highlights of modern civilization?Environmental activists would say no and would go even further,arguing that consumer behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster.They cause consumers'ignorance of the side effect of their shopping----urban sprawl (蔓延).
Social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape a lot.Before 1950,most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work or took public transportation.Only very wealthy people had automobiles.Farmers lived in rural areas or far-away villages and came into town only when they needed things they couldn't produce themselves.If you stared at the landscape you would see towns surrounded by the countryside.
Now automobiles become affordable and people are quick to make use of them.Ambitious workers could live in suburbs,just outside cities,which have started to grow rapidly.As long as there is lots of cheap land there,no one pays much attention to the usage of that land.Malls,fast food restaurants,cinemas,and such spread out in large,flat buildings.These one-storey buildings and their parking lots take up too much space.Many farmers think they are better off selling their land than growing crops.No one has realized once the land is built up in urban sprawl,the good farming land will be ruined forever.There is no way to preserve it.
Only in recent years have people come to miss the old way of life as they have looked into the problems of unconditional growth.Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental problems.The bad effects that sprawl brings about include air and water pollution,loss of agricultural land,traffic jams,and so on.Many scholars think it's time to analyze the problems better so we can develop proper policies to control further sprawl.Some think the best way to do is to educate citizens.
(Note:Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)

78.What does the underlined word"They"refer to in the first paragraph?Shopping malls
79.In the past,farmers in the countryside only went to towns or cities tobuy things they couldn't produce themselves.
80.Besides the mobility made possible by automobiles,what other two factors have led to the unconditional growth?.Cheap land/Wrong (Wasteful) land usage and farmers'selling their (farming) land
81.Now people come to realize the importance of protecting environment and dealing with the serious problem brought about by(further) urban sprawl.
10.Donating blood is a simple thing to do,but it can make a big difference in the lives of others.The donation process from the time you arrive until the time you leave takes about an hour.The donation itself is only about 8-10minutes on average.The steps in the process are:
Step 1:Registration
1.Our staff and volunteers will sign you in and go over basic eligibility(资格)and donation information.
2.You will read information about donating blood,and will be asked to show a donor card,driver's license,or other form(s)of ID.
Step 2:Health History&Mini-Physical
1.You will answer some questions during a private and confidential interview about your health history and places you have traveled.
2.We will check your temperature,pulse,blood pressure and hemoglobin(血红蛋白)level present in a sample of blood.
Step 3:The Donation
1.We will clean an area on your arm and insert a brand new clean needle for the blood draw.This feels like a quick pain and is over in seconds.
2.The actual donation takes about 8-10minutes,during which you will be seated comfortably.Certain donation types,such as platelets(血小板)or red cells can take up to 2hours.
3.When approximately a pint of blood has been collected,the donation is complete and a staff person will place a bandage on your arm.
Step 4:Refreshments
1.After donating,you should have a snack and something to drink in the refreshments area.You can leave the site after 10-15minutes and continue with your normal daily activities.
2.Enjoy the feeling of accomplishment knowing that you have helped save lives.

21.Which of the following can be a proper title for the passage?A
A.The process of blood donation
B.The benefits of blood donation
C.The importance of blood donation
D.The preparations for blood donation
22.During the Registration,a blood donor will be asked toB.
A.go over his basic donation information
B.show something to prove his identity
C.answer some questions about his health history
D.have his temperature and blood pressure checked
23.What is the right order of the events in Step 3?D
a.clean an area on the donor's arm
b.1et the donor sit comfortably
c.place a bandage on the donor's arm
d.draw the blood
e.insert a needle
A.a,b,d,e,c    B.b,a,c,e,d    C.c,b,a,e,d   D.b,a,e,d,c
24.What should one do after donating blood?A
A.Eat and drink something.    B.Leave the site immediately.
C.Take exercise right now.    D.Return to work after two days.
17.Six Sigma is a process that helps companies focus on developing and delivering near-perfect products and services.The word"sigma"is a statistical term that measures how far a given process falls short of perfection.The central idea behind Six Sigma is that if a company can measure how many"defects"they have in a commercial production process,they can systematically figure out how to get rid of the problems and get as close to"zero defects"as possible.
Training and teamwork are fundamental elements of the Six Sigma methodology.In other words,companies need to have their team leaders and team members trained to carry out the Six Sigma processes.They must learn to use the measurement and improvement tools.They also need to learn communication skills necessary for them to involve customers and suppliers and to serve their needs.
Six Sigma was developed in 1986by Motorola,an American telecommunications company.Engineers in Motorola used it as an informal name for a plan to reduce faults in production processes.A few years later,Motorola extended the name"Six Sigma"to mean a general performance improvement method,beyond purely"defect reduction"in the production process.In 1995,Jack Welch,CEO of General Electrics(GE),decided to adopt Six Sigma in GE;and by 1998GE claimed that Six Sigma had brought about over three-quarters of a billion dollars of cost savings.
By 2000,Six Sigma was effectively established as an industry in its own right,involving the training,consultancy and practicing of Six Sigma methodology in all sorts of organizations around the world.Organizations as diverse as local governments,prisons,hospitals,the armed forces banks,and multi-national corporations have been adopting Six Sigma for quality and process improvement.

32.According to the passage,what is"Six Sigma"?B
A.A digital device to speed up production processes.
B.A set of techniques for quality and process improvement.
C.A program for training business leaders and employees.
D.A near-perfect process in business communication.
33.The underlined word"defects"in Paragraph 1is closest in meaning toA.
A.faults     B.ideas    
C.measures   D.Products
34.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?D
A.Team leaders are responsible for training.
B.Measurement and improvement tools must be used.
C.It's necessary to learn communication skills.
D.It's important to have a well-trained team.
35.Which of the following is true?B
A.Six Sigma was invented by Jack Welch.
B.Six Sigma has existed for about 30years.
C.General Electrics began to adopt Six Sigma in 1998.
D.Six Sigma is adopted only by international corporations.
14.It's Time to Put it Away
Your smart phone may have hurt you before you realize it.Don't be addicted to it.Put your phone away,OK?
1.Cyber Sickness
Also called"digital motion sickness",symptoms that range from headaches to woozy feelings can occur when you quickly scroll on your smart phone or watch action packed video on your screen.36.Your sense of balance is different from other senses in that it has lots of inputs.When those inputs don't agree,that's when you feel dizziness and sickness.
2.Text Claw
It is the unofficial term for soreness and muscle contraction felt in the finger,wrist and forearm after heavy smart phone use.(37)F.So if you're always on your phone,it makes sense to feel discomfort in your hands and forearms.
3.Eye Strain
Do you stare at a screen for hours on end?If you're reading this,you very well might.(38)G. Staring at your digital devices for a long time can lead to dry eyes,headaches and tiredness,which can decrease your productivity.Exper ts suggest taking screen breaks every 20 minutes.
4.Text Neck
Similar to the claw,text neck---discomfort in the neck and spine happens when you spend a long time looking down at your smart phone.(39)D.Being mindful of how far your neck bends when you're on your phone----and bending it back to an upright position can help reduce the risk of text neck.
5.Pedestrian safety
Pedestrian deaths are on the rise because too many smart phone users engage in distracted walking.While focused on the cyber world,many of us can lose reality of the physical one.Elemental pedestrian safety knowledge is compromised by technology,and the risks are scary.(40)E.
A.We should taking breaks for a while.
B.The sensation results from a mismatch between sensory inputs.
C.Remember that pedestrian safety is more important than smart phone.
D.The habit may lead to people requiring medical spine care at a younger age.
E.To avoid injury or worse,put your phone away until you've reached a safe spot.
F.Any specific motor activity can cause pain in the tendons (筋) and muscles when done repeatedly.
G.Any activity that requires active use of your eyes---driving and reading included---can cause eye tiredness.

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