题目内容

18.下面短文中有10处语言错误.请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词.
增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词.
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.
修改:在错的词下划一横线(           ),并在该词下面写出修改的词.
注意:1.每句不超过两个错误;
    2.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
    3.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.
In our daily life,we unavoidably come across many challenge now and then.I meet a big challenge when I was in high school.I was shocked to find which the physics teacher taught was totally beyond his understanding and I lost my confidence completely.Think I lacked a gift at physics,I stopped making efforts and my grades were poor.Fortunate,my teacher didn't give up on me.Instead of,she helped me analyze my problem and I realized I needed face challenges bravely.I regained my confidence,adjusted my approaches but worked hard.I improved my physics before long.

分析 本文作者介绍了自己在上高中时,所遇到的挑战;由于作者当时听不懂物理老师的课,所以丧失了学习物理的信心,致使物理成绩很差;后来在老师的帮助下,作者找回了自信,调整了学习方法,并通过自己的努力,物理成绩得到了很大的提高.

解答 In our daily life,we unavoidably come across many challenge 
now and then.I meet a big challenge when I was in high school.
I was shocked to find which the physics teacher taught was totally 
beyond his understanding and I lost my confidence completely.
Think I lacked a gift at physics,I stopped making efforts and my 
grades were poor.Fortunate,my teacher didn't give up on me.
Instead of,she helped me analyze my problem and I realized 
I needed∧face challenges bravely.I regained my confidence,
adjusted my approaches but worked hard.I improved my physics 
before long.
详解:
1.challenge改为challenges   考查名词的单复数   此处指的是:许多的挑战,由于challenge为可数名词,故用challenges.
2.meet 改为met   考查时态   根据句中的时间状语"when I was in high school",可知此处指的是作者上高中的时候发生的事情,所以这里应使用一般过去时;故用met.
3.which改为what    考查连接代词   此处用来引导主语从句,由于该从句中缺少宾语,意为:…的(东西);故用连接代词what.
4.his改为my   考查句意理解以及人称代词的一致性    本句的意思是:我震惊地发现物理老师所教的东西完全超出了我的理解; 此处用来修饰名词understanding,指的是:我的理解;故用my.
5.Think改为Thinking    考查现在分词     此处用在句子的开头作原因状语,由于动词think与其逻辑主语I构成主谓关系,故用现在分词Thinking.
6.at改为for   考查固定搭配     a gift for…意为:有…(方面)的天赋;故用for.
7.Fortunate改为Fortunately    考查副词   此处用来修饰后面的一整句话,故用副词Fortunately.
8.去掉Instead之后的of   考查副词    instead of作为短语介词,后面常跟名词、代词和动名词等作宾语;此处在句首,单独使用;故去掉Instead之后的of.  
 9.needed后加to    考查行为动词    由于need用于肯定句中时,通常是行为动词,故其后应加动词不定式符号to.
10.but改为and   考查句意理解以及连词    本句的意思是:我找回了自信,调整了方法,学习也很努力;此处表示并列;故用and.

点评 短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性试题,主要考查学生对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力.错误类型一般有:缺词、多词和错词.常见的错误有:1 词法错误,主要包括动词、名词、冠词、形容词、副词、代词和介词等词类误用、同义词混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此类试题时,需要正确分析句子成分,熟练掌握各词类的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常见句法错误.通常表现为简单句、复合句以及疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和强调句等错误.解答此类试题时,需要掌握各类句子的句式结构及意义用法.3 应在理解文章大意的前提下,进行作答.

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57.A.in orderB.at riskC.under controlD.out of state
58.A.highlightsB.understandsC.increasesD.resists
59.A.set upB.depend onC.specialize inD.object to
60.A.limitedB.accustomedC.relatedD.tailored
61.A.agree withB.have access toC.are confident ofD.insist on
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51.A.applicationB.topicC.causeD.objective
52.A.basicallyB.logicallyC.commonlyD.blindly
53.A.reconsiderationB.recommendationC.recognitionD.reassurance
54.A.stoppingB.failingC.tendingD.managing
55.A.aspectsB.companies′C.culturesD.cases
56.A.gentlyB.strangelyC.irregularlyD.unfairly
57.A.preventB.keepC.findD.have
58.A.in spite ofB.apart fromC.instead ofD.owing to
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60.A.determinesB.enhancesC.reducesD.influences
61.A.independenceB.knowledgeC.satisfactionD.strength
62.A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.However
63.A.supportB.challengeC.includeD.confirm
64.A.contribute toB.result fromC.fit in withD.get over
65.A.socialB.survivingC.naturalD.working.
5.Expensive perfumes (香水) come in tiny bottles,but many hide a whale-sized secret.
To perfect a particular smell,perfume-makers often use an ingredient that comes from sperm whales,called ambergris.But using ambergris,which helps a perfume last longer,is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales just so we can smell sweet.Joerg Bohlmann is neither a perfumer nor a whale expert.He's a plant biologist at the University of British Columbia in Canada.But his discovery of a new plant gene (基因) might push whales out of the perfume business.
The gene comes from fir trees,found throughout North America and commonly used as Christmas trees.The trees produce a chemical that can be used in perfume in place of ambergris--but with a catch.
"There's a problem that many people wouldn't consider.In the tree,the chemical is mixed with many others.That makes separation a challenge,"Bohlmann says."It's like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit."
This is where science becomes useful.When Bohlmann learned that fir trees produce the ambergris-like chemical,he decided to use his gene know-how to find the instructions for how to make the ambergris-substitute.
Bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells.Then he did something that might sound strange to someone who doesn't work in genetics:Bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast (酵母) cells.
Yeast may sound familiar because it's used to make things like bread,wine and beer.Biologists like to work with yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour.When Bohlmann put the fir tree gene into the yeast,the yeast started making the same chemical that had been produced by the tree.
Perfumers pay big money for ambergris because it is a fixative,which means it holds a smell in place on a person's body.
"Cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or so and then everything is gone,"explains Bohlmann."But expensive perfumes are much more stable.Their smell lasts much longer,for hours or even a day after you apply them."
The new chemical,made from the tree genes,can be used as a fixative,too.And using yeast to make it is far cheaper than acquiring ambergris.
Bohlmann admits he never thought he'd get into the perfume business.But now,he says,producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes.

41.It can be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris,D
A.its user probably supports whale hunting
B.its smell will last for about an hour
C.there will be a whale symbol on the bottle
D.it is probably very expensive
42.The underlined expression"with a catch"in Paragraph 3meansB
A.being difficult to hold               B.having a hidden problem
C.needing further testing               D.being too similar
43.According to the passage,why are yeast cells often used in genetic research?A
A.They can take on the characteristics of other genes.
B.They can reproduce much faster than other cells.
C.They share some of the qualities of plant genes.
D.They're much cheaper to use than ambergris.
44.What can we learn about Joerg Bohlmann from the passage?D
A.He is opposed to whale hunting.
B.He made his discovery during Christmas.
C.He has worked in the perfume industry for many years.
D.He has previously done genetic research.
45.What is the best title for the passage?C
A.The Christmas tree's secret
B.The sweet smell of success
C.Whale-free perfume
D.Save the whale.
6.Atlantis,a beautiful and wealthy island,is supposed to have existed over 11,000years ago.It was in the middle of the vast Atlantic Ocean,and was a centre for trade.Its people were very wealthy and powerful.The rulers of Atlantis controlled their people and land,and their power spread to Europe and Africa.
The weather was very good in Atlantis,and therefore people could grow food all year around.Many different kinds of vegetables,fruits and nuts grew there,and a lot of different animals lived on the island,including elephants.
Atlantis was the home of Poseidon,the Greek God of the Sea.Poseidon had five sets of twin boys,who became the first rulers of Atlantis.The island's many hills,fields and rivers were divided between the ten brothers.The eldest son,Atlas,was the first king of Atlantis.He controlled the island's central hill and its surrounding sea.
At the top of the central hill,a temple was built in honour of Poseidon.Inside the temple was a huge gold statue of Poseidon.The rulers of Atlantis discussed laws in the temple.
For centuries the people of Atlantis lived simple,honest and happy lives.However,over time they began to change.They enjoyed the power they had and desired more of it.When the god Zeus saw how corrupt the people of Atlantis were,he was very angry and gathered the other gods together to decide on a punishment for them.The gods agreed with Zeus and decided to sink the island.In one short day and a half,the island of Atlantis,its people and its memory-a whole civilization-were destroyed forever,swallowed up by the sea.

56.Why were the people of Atlantis very wealthy?A
A.Because Atlantis was a centre for trade.
B.Because the people of Atlantis were hard working.
C.Because the rulers of Atlantis controlled their people and land.
D.Because the rulers of Atlantis were powerful.
57.According to the passage,which one is TRUE?D
A.A lot of different animals lived on Atlantis,including giraffes.
B.Atlantis was the home of Poseidon,the Roman God of the Sea.
C.Poseidon was the first king of Atlantis.
D.For a long time the people of Atlantis lived simple,honest and happy lives.
58.What do you think"swallowed up by the sea"means?C
A.Atlantis just disappeared.
B.The island of Atlantis was damaged.
C.All people of Atlantis and the island sank into the sea and disappeared.All the people died.
D.Some of people on Atlantis were killed by the sea.

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