题目内容

【题目】 Many students want to know the best ways to improve their learning. Here are a few useful methods.

Focus

One of the best ways to organize your study session is to use the Pomodoro Technique. 1 The idea is to use a timer. Let's say, you set the timer for 20 minutes, and focus only on your studies during that time. You cannot check email, or do anything aside from your task. When the timer goes off, you can reward yourself by listening to some music or having a drink of tea.

Test yourself

When you are studying, you should test yourself often. 2 You can also find all kinds of online tests for many subjects.

Interleaving

3 For example, in one study period you might spend time testing yourself on vocabulary words and then test yourself on grammar. Or, if studying math, you could mix multiplication(乘法) and division(除法)problems. It may be better for long-term learning.

Teaching

Teaching is also a powerful way to learn. 4 Some did not expect to have to teach information, while others did. When they actually teach a lesson, they develop a deeper understanding of the material.

Closing thoughts

You can create your own plan based on what you need to learn. You might organize your study periods with the Pomodoro technique. Then, you can test yourself and interleave different topics. There are many choices. 5

A.Researchers compared different groups of students.

B.In other words, they only study one topic at a time.

C.This method is a technique that means you mix different topics.

D.All of these techniques can be put together to make a powerful study plan.

E.It is a powerful, but simple method that helps people focus on a task.

F.When you focus and do tasks that are at the right difficulty level, your brain will become tired.

G.If you are using a textbook, then you can do practice questions from the end of each chapter.

【答案】

1E

2G

3C

4A

5D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。许多学生想知道提高学习的最好方法。本文介绍了一些有用的学习方法。

1根据上文提示组织学习的最好方法之一就是使用 Pomodoro Technique工作法。再根据下文提示我们的想法是使用计时器。承接上下文,EIt is a powerful, but simple method that helps people focus on a task.(这是一个强大的,但简单的方法,帮助人们专注于一项任务。)切题,是对这种方法的介绍。故选E

2根据上文提示当你学习的时候,你应该经常测试自己。再根据下文提示你还可以找到许多科目的各种在线测试。承接上下文,G项If you are using a textbook, then you can do practice questions from the end of each chapter.(如果你用的是教科书,那么你可以在每章的最后做练习题。)与下句并列,是对上句的具体说明。故选G

3根据下文提示例如,在一个学习期间,你可能会花时间测试自己的词汇量,然后测试自己的语法。承接下文,C项This method is a technique that means you mix different topics.(这种方法是一种混合不同主题的技术。)切题。故选C

4根据上文提示教学也是一种强大的学习方式。再根据下文提示有些人并没有想到要教信息,而另一些人则不需要。承接上下文,AResearchers compared different groups of students.(研究人员比较了不同组的学生。)切题,下句是比较结果。故选A

5根据上文提示有很多选择。承接上文,DAll of these techniques can be put together to make a powerful study plan.(所有这些技巧结合在一起可以形成一个强有力的学习计划。)与上句承接,是具体做法。故选D

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【题目】 Some years ago, Michel-Andre found himself staring at the body of a dead whale on a beach in the Canary Islands. It was obvious that the animal had been struck violently by a ship——but why? Only later, after surveying the whales which lived in the area and measuring the increase of sound pollution from ships did it become clear that there was a link.

The whales had become desensitised to the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often seriously. “We never thought that this could be something that could kill,” recalls (回忆) Andre, who is the director of the Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics at the Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona.

Andre has spent 20 years developing an advanced system to better understand why incidents like this happen. His underwater microphones have exposed a world of deafening sound and animal communication never observed with such clarity(清晰) before.

It was not an easy task. Sound waves don't travel through water in the uniform, predictable way they do through the air. Instead, the temperature, salinity (盐度) and, flow of water have great effects on their path.

What can be done? One solution is to change shipping routes to courses where ships are statistically less likely to meet animals. It’s also possible to slow ships down to 18km/h or less, which is less likely to seriously injure a whale.

As for dealing with the root cause of the problem, the UN’s International Maritime Organisation has already published guidelines on how to quieten ships, but it will be a while before the effects of such changes might be observed.

“The ocean is not our world,” comments Andre. But it is ours to look after. And thanks to his work, we can better understand the effects of subsea sound pollution.

1What does the underlined word “desensitised” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Stubborn.B.Flexible.C.Dull.D.Friendly.

2What’s one way to solve the problem according to the text?

A.To lower the speed of ships.

B.To reduce the number of ships.

C.To set up preserves under the sea.

D.To give the injured animals timely treatment.

3What is the author’s attitude towards what Michel Andre has done?

A.Doubtful.B.Disapproving.C.Positive.D.Uncaring.

4What is the text mainly about?

A.A great expert.B.Noise in the sea.

C.Animals in the sea.D.Sea exploration technology.

【题目】The Cost of Higher Education

Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.

In general, a university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Whether they are majoring in geography, geometry or any other subject, graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.

Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, the grand university having much glory, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students grew similarly lazy in a gradual way.

If students have to pay for their education, I guess they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers and have a better grasp of the subjects. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.

Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should be generous enough to pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital(资金) from the government to invest.

Therefore, it is the individual, not the government who should pay for their university education.

1The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to .

A. taxpayers B. pressing calls

C. college graduates D. government resources

2The author thinks that with full government funding ___________.

A. teachers are less satisfied

B. students are more demanding

C. students will become more competent

D. teachers will spend less time on teaching

3The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to_____________.

A. argue against free university education

B. call on them to finance students' studies

C. encourage graduates to go into business

D. show their contribution to higher education

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