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书面表达

假如你是李华,你的好友John热爱绘画,从小梦想成为一名画家。但他的家人极力反对,他有些犹豫不决,于是写信向你征求建议。请你给他写一封英文回信,要点如下:

1. 支持他的梦想; 2. 原因(比如:要坚守梦想,画家不一定没有好的收入,绘画是一种高尚的事业等);3. 盼望回复。

注意:1. 词数100 左右; 2. 信的格式和开头语已为你写好,不计入总词数。

Dear John,

I hear that you are not sure about becoming an artist because of your family’s objections.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

Yours

Li Hua

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In October 2013, Davion Only made an appeal on the Internet. He had learned that his biological mothr had died not long before. ”My name is Davion and I've been in foster care (寄养照管) since I was born," he said, “but I'm not giving up hope. "

The heartbreaking appeal spread quickly, and Only's foster agency received calls from more than 10,000 people. Only ended up travelling to Ohio to live with a family. But after Only got into a physical fight with one of his elder would-be brothers, the family changed their minds.

Back in Florida, Only passed through four different temporary homes over the following year, until he called Connie Going, his adoption case worker, to make a special request. Only had known Going for nearly ten years, and had asked every year if she would adopt him, but she always hesitated. “I always believed there was a better family than us out there," Going said in an interview. But last July, when Only called and asked again if she might adopt him, Going said something felt different. "When he asked me, my heart felt this ache and I just

knew he was my son," she said.

So Going, 52, invited Only to start spending time with the rest of her family-her two daughters, Sydney, 21, and Carly 17, and a son Taylor, 14, who she also adopted out of foster care. Eventually, after seeing how well the arrangement was working, Going, who had rented a bigger home, started adopting Only. Only moved in with her family last December.He officially joined Going's family on April 22, 2015 when the adoption papers went through.

"Today, I feel blessed and honored to have been chosen to be the parent of all my children," Going said.

1.By making the appeal, Davion Only hoped that

A. service in his foster agency would improve

B. his biological mother would come to him

C. a foster agency would accept him

D. he would be adopted by a family

2.Davion Only didn't live with the family in Ohio because

A. he hated living with them

B. they finally refused to accept him

C. he has received another invitation

D. he often fought with his would-be brothers

3.What do we know from Paragraph 3?

A. Davion Only had fun living in different homes.

B. Connie Going had cared about Davion Only for over ten years.

C. Davion Only had a strong desire to be adopted by Connie Going.

D. Connie Going believed she would give Davion Only what he wanted.

4.After Davion Only joined Connie Going's family,

A. Connie Going bought a bigger house

B. the four kids often had physical fights

C. Connie Going didn't regret her decision

D. another three kids were later adopted as well

Death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying? Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases --- clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived(复活). Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable and final.

Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.

To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery. The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes Keta’s heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous(自发的)breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.

1.For a person who suffers from the clinical death, _________.

A. his most important organs are damaged.

B. he still has the possibility of getting back to life.

C. he cannot avoid final death.

D. he is still very much alive

2.Scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer in order to __________.

A. slow down the body’s metabolism.

B. bring vital cells and tissues back to active life.

C. cool the organism.

D. delay the coming of biological death.

3.How did the scientists put Keta into clinical death?

A. By putting her to sleep, lowering her temperature and draining her blood.

B. By surrounding her body with ice-bags and draining her blood.

C. By lowing her blood pressure and stopping her heart from beating.

D. By draining her blood, lowering her blood pressure and stopping her breathing.

4.All of the following indicate that the monkey has almost restored to her original physical state except the fact that__________.

A. her heart beat again.

B. she regained her normal breath.

C. she rejected a penicillin injection.

D. she acted as lively as a healthy monkey.

Do women’s minds work the same as men’s? Absolutely not. At least, that is what most men are convinced of. Psychologists view the subject either as a matter or frustration or a joke. Now the biologists have moved into this minefield, and some of them have found that there are real differences between the brains of men and women. But being different, they point out hurriedly, is not the same as being better or worse.

There is, however, a definite structural variation between the male and female brain. The difference is in a part of the brain that is used in the most complex intellectual processes-the link between the two halves of the brain.

The two halves are linked by a trunkline of between 200 and 300 million nerves, the corpus callosum. Scientists have found quite recently that the corpus callosum in women is always larger and probably richer in nerve fibres than it is in men. This is the first time that a structural difference has been found between the brains of women and men and it must have some significance. The question is "What?", and, if this difference exists, are there others? Research shows that present-day women think differently and behave differently from men. Are some of these differences biological and inborn, a result of evolution? We tend to think that is the influence of society that produces these differences. But could we be wrong?

Research showed that these two halves of the brain had different functions, and that the corpus callosum enabled them to work together. For most people, the left half is used for word handing, analytical and logical activities; the right half works on pictures, patterns and forms. We need both halves working together. And the better the connections, the more harmoniously the two halves work. And, according to research findings, women have the better connections.

But it isn't all that easy to explain the actual differences between skills of men and women on this basis. In schools throughout the world girls tend to be better than boys at "language subjects" and boys better at maths and physics. If these differences correspond with the differences in the hemispheric trunkline, here is an unalterable distinction between the sexes.

We shan't know for a while, partly because we don't know of any precise relationship between abilities in school subject and the functioning of the two halves of the brain, and we cannot understand how the two halves interact via the corpus callosum. But this striking difference must have some effect and, because the difference is in the parts of the brain involved in intellect, we should be looking for differences in intellectual processing.

1.Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

A. Results of scientific research fail to support popular belief.

B. Brain differences point to superiority of one sex over the other.

C. Biologists are conducting research where psychologists have given up

D. The structural difference in the brain between the sexes has long been known.

2.The corpus callosum functions in __________.

A. forming the nerve fibers.

B. differing man from woman.

C. enabling the brain to work.

D. processing the most complex intellectuality.

3.According to the passage it is commonly believed that brain differences are caused by ______factors.

A. social B. psychological C. physical D. biological

4."these differences" in paragraph 5 refer to those in ________.

A. school subjects

B. skills of men and women

C. the brain structure of men and women

D. activities carried out by the brain

5.At the end of the passage the author proposes more work on ________.

A. the brain structure as a whole

B. the functioning of part of the brain

C. the distinction between the sexes

D. the effects of the corpus callosum

完形填空

阅读下面短文,从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

One day I was in a parking lot when a sincere man came to me asking for help with directions. He had a printout of Google maps from the airport to a ________ on the main street, but couldn’t ________ it. He clearly didn’t have a phone, so after confirming his written directions, I mapped it on my ________ and showed him exactly where he needed to go.

He mentioned that he had ________ going there, but there was no such street number and he couldn’t locate his hotel. I ________ it again for him, he thanked me with a big ________, shook my hand, and took off. I got into my car and he got into his, and we ________ ways. As I drove to the next store and went in, I found something wasn’t right about the ________ so I Googled again and ________ that he was looking for the right ________ but in a city a half hour away!

Unfortunately it had been several minutes, and in the peak rush hour time, the ________ o f finding him was slim to none. But I decided to give it a ________ and took off in that direction. I had barely ________ what his car looked like, and was just about to________ . I parked my car and wa________ what else I could do when the man drove right by and ________ over into a nearby parking spot, still ________ about where he was.

When I pulled in next to him, he couldn’t believe it. “________ did you find me? ” he asked. “ I’m not sure, but I ________that you are in the wrong city! ” I showed him the right directions, and after more smiles, laughs and a handshake, we parted ways again. Probably we’ll never ________ again, but that makes it all the more sweet.

1.A. hotel B. bank C. school D. store

2.A. reach B. find C. catch D.check

3.A. car B. phone C. computer D. map

4.A. failed B. succeeded C. stopped D.tried

5.A. explained B. provided C. confirmed D. reminded

6.A. voice B. surprise C. smile D. praise

7.A. drove B. passed C. lost D. parted

8.A. direction B. conduction C. solution D. transportation

9.A. decided B. expected C. forgot D. realized

10.A. message B. number C. address D. condition

11.A. chance B. time C. courage D. idea

12.A. try B. hand C. look D. speed

13.A. guessed B. pointed C. cared D. noticed

14.A. set out B. give in C. put off D. give up

15.A. remembering B. considering C. believing D. concluding

16.A. left B. rushed C. headed D. pulled

17.A. worried B. confused C. excited D. crazy

18.A. How B. Why C. Where D. When

19.A. made up B. took in C. figured out D. kept off

20.A. move B. recognize C. know D. meet

Black has long been praised for its ability to better women’s figures and suit every occasion. But the color has a side-effect—it ages the face.

While black does give the appearance of a slimmer figure by making the shadows less visible, wearing it next to the face brings out a negative effect. Black clothing can highlight (突出) dark lines under the chin, shadows around the eyes and wrinkles on the face. The effect can be as serious as making women feel exhausted, self-conscious and upset. Wrinkles and sunken areas appear deeper and more pronounced, meaning the effect is more obvious in older women.

Dark scarves, hats and high-collared coats are apparently particularly likely to emphasize aging features of the face. But fear not. The effect can be tempered by a splash of color around the neck—in the form of a scarf or a piece of jewelry—or a low neckline.

Famous actress Joan Collins is among the few who can get away with the side-effect. But those who should consider changing their dresses include many European stars. The majority of women who have what is known as a “warm” skin tone, based on yellow and gold colors, will not look young and healthy with black against their faces. Warm skins do not match well with black against their faces as it takes away all the golden glow that they have as a basic skin tone. Black looks for dark things on the face and highlights them, particularly as women age.

The good news for those who like black dress is that a simple test can help determine whether they can wear black well: Hold the color up against your face, stand in front of the mirror and look for dark lines under the chin, shadows around the eyes or lines on the face that are highlighted. If there are no dark areas or shadows, you can probably wear black close to your face and look great. Otherwise, change your ways.

1.According to the passage, wearing black clothes probably ________________.

A. makes the wearer less energetic

B. gives away the wearer’s age

C. darkens the wearer’s skin tone

D. makes the wearer feel confident

2.The underlined word “tempered” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by _______________.

A. observed B. ignored C. weakened D. measured

3.We can infer from the passage that _______________.

A. high-collared coats are not suitable for warm-skinned women

B. a woman from eastern Asia may not look young with black against her face

C. men with deep wrinkles would look unhealthy in black

D. Joan Collins has a warm skin tone

4.The black dress will be probably suitable for you on condition that there are no ___________.

A. wrinkles on your face

B. dark circles around your eyes

C. sunken areas that are highlighted

D. dark areas or shadows on the face

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