Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world. In theUnited States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been m 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world. In theUnited States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.

Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people’s lives. It alters people’s ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains (维持) modern life.

Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, and a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.

The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.[

Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization andstandards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.

1.According to the author, American television is poor in quality because _________.

A. it is controlled by radio companies

B. the programs have to be developed partly for economic reasons

C. advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideas

D. it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radio

2.In the author’s view, American TV should _________.

A. be entertaining and attractive

B. reflect society and attract society

C. maintain and encourage the life as it exists

D. change with the development of society

3.Based on the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. TV has become a must in the American’s life.

B. One can expect to improve his understanding significantly from watching TV.

C. American TV is important to most people as it affects their life in many ways.

D. American TV nowadays has some different standards from the past.

4.The author’s attitude towards American television is _________.

A. negative B. positive

C. indifferent D. sympathetic

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Scientists have found that human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays while skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach, according to a report by the UK newspaper.

The researchers at Kanazawa Medical University, Japan and American company Johnson conducted the study together. They looked at the effects of light reflection on newly fallen snow on a ski trail in Ishikawa District, northern Japan. They compared the results with the levels of UV rays on a sand beach in southern Japan's Okinawa District.

They found that on the beach, eyes are exposed to a daily 260 kilojoules (千焦耳) of UV a square meter compared to 658 kilojoules in snow-covered areas.

The findings are supported by the Japan Meteorological (气象的) Agency. According to the agency, the reflection rate of UV light on beaches is often between 10 and 25 percent, compared to 80 percent in the new snow areas. The amount of light increased 4 percent with a 300-meter rise in height.

Most of us know that UV rays can harm the skin. That's why we wear sunscreen on our skin before we get out in the sun. But many of us may not realize that UV rays are also harmful to the eyes.

If your eyes are exposed to large amounts of UV radiation over a short period of time, you may experience a kind of sunburn of the eye, which is harmful. Your eyes will become red and feel a strange feeling. They may be sensitive to light. Fortunately, this is usually temporary and seldom causes permanent damage to the eyes.

Long-term exposure to UV radiation, however, can be more serious. Scientific studies and researches have shown that exposure to small amounts of UV radiation over a period of many years increases the chance of eye damage, which could lead to total blindness.

1.You would most likely find the article in ________.

A. a doctor’s diary B. a travel journal

C. a medical magazine D. a physics textbook

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Too much eye exposure to UV rays may cause total blindness.

B. Short-time exposure of the eyes to UV rays doesn't harm them at all.

C. Most people know that UV rays harm the eyes as well as the skin.

D. The study was conducted by researchers from Japan, the USA and the UK.

3.Human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays while skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach because ________.

A. snow produces more UV light than water

B. people don’t wear sunscreen while skiing as they do while sitting on the beach

C. the reflection rate of UV light in snow-covered areas is much higher than that on the beach

D. human eyes are exposed longer to UV light in the snow- covered areas than on the beach

4.What will the passage most probably talk about next?

A. Never ski on newly fallen snow in Japan.

B. Go to hospital to have your eyes examined.

C. Wearing a hat can provide protection while skiing in new snow areas.

D. Take some measures to protect your eyes while skiing in new snow areas.

All these postcards must be mailed at once in time for the Spring Festival.

A. to have received B. so as to be receiving

C. so as to be received D. to receive

1.Sitting too long before the computer is h______ to people’s health.

2.C______ your doctor about how much exercise you should attempt.

3.What p______ us was how the accident could have happened.

4.The following reasons can a______ for his refusing their offer.

5.Weather p______, we’ll go for an outing this weekend.

6.The children looked at the foreigners ______ (好奇).

7.If you are going to come, please tell me in ______ (提前).

8.Such ______ (行为) is common to young people.

9.He visited Paris and eventually ______ (定居) there.

10.Mo Yan is highly ______ (尊敬) for his great novels.

假定你是李华。你的美国朋友Gary Lee即将来华。他想有一个中文名字，向你求助。请回复邮件，介绍中文姓名的特点，帮他取一个中文名字，并简要说明理由。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.名字可用中文表示；

3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Gary,

____________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌系的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线（__），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

It was on a warm autumn day that my father and I walk into my new high school. After registered in the classroom, I was taken to my dormitory by the volunteer. Altogether I had five roommates, two of which arrived later. I got to know my new roommate immediately. Although I was quite unwilling to say “Goodbye” to my father, but he had to leave to home. I suddenly realized I had grown up and that I had to look after me and live independently. Not until then I know my senior high school life had real begun.

The Nobel Prize Winners in Literature

Rabindranath Tagore (1913)

Prize motivation:“because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse (诗歌), by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West”

William Faulkner (1949)

Prize motivation: “for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel”

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1953)

Prize motivation: “for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory(演讲) in defending exalted human values.”

Ernest Miller Hemingway (1954)

Prize motivation: “for his mastery of the art of narrative, most recently demonstrated in The Old Man and the Sea, and for the influence that he has exerted on contemporary style.”

John Steinbeck (1962)

Prize motivation: “for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humor and keen social perception.”

Claude Simon (1985)

Prize motivation: “who in his novel combines the poet’s and the painter’s creativeness with a deepened awareness of time in the depiction of the human condition.”

Mo Yan (2012)

Prize motivation: “who with hallucinatory(幻觉般的) realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary.”

Bob Dylan (2016)

Prize motivation: “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition.”

1.Which writer won Nobel Prize for his poetry?

A. William Faulkner. B. Bob Dylan.

C. Rabindranath Tagore. D. Claude Simon.

2.Which writer won Noble Prize mostly for his specific work?

A. Ernest Hemingway. B. John Steinbeck.

C. William Faulkner. D. Winston Churchill.

3.Whose works will you turn to if you are interested in a song-writing Nobel Prize winner?

A. Mo Yan’s. B. Bob Dylan’s.

C. Claude Simon’s. D. Rabindranath Tagore’s.

4.Who described real life experiences in his historic works?

A. John Steinbeck. B. Mo Yan.

C. Ernest Hemingway. D. Winston Churchill.

“Don’t be afraid to give your best to what seemingly are small jobs. Every time you conquer one it makes you much stronger. If you do little jobs well, the big ones will tend to take care of themselves,” said Dale Carnegie.

Sometimes, doing your best work or trying your hardest at something is difficult. It may have something to do with trying to do something new for the first time, like a new sport or activity at school. It may have something to do with doing homework for a subject that is not your favorite or is not your best.

As Hunter S. Thompson once said, “Anything worth doing is worth doing right.” And as Albert Einstein added, “We have to do the best we can. This is our sacred human responsibility.”

Developing the habit of trying your hardest and doing your best is something that will help you succeed throughout your life. If you have looked at some quotes related to trying your hardest, you will see that many of them come from people who have made a big difference in the world. This is not a coincidence. It was not only their cleverness that helped them stand out and change the world, but their ability to try their hardest and do their best in whatever they were doing. If you can develop this same habit---to do your best in any situation, it will be a great benefit to your family, career, school and community.

As Bob Cousy put it, “Do your best when no one is looking. If you do that, then you can be successful at anything you put your mind to.” The choice is yours.

1.Why does the author use the quote of Dale Carnegie in Paragraph 1?

A. To describe a scene. B. To introduce a topic.

C. To draw a conclusion. D. To support an argument.

2.According to the passage, in which case is it difficult to try your hardest?

A. When you are doing something that you are familiar with.

B. When you are doing something that you are good at.

C. When you are doing something that you feel bored with.

D. When you are doing something that you like very much.

3.Why does the author suggest we develop the habit of trying our hardest?

A. To let us make a big difference in the world.

B. To help us achieve success all through our life.

C. To make us more skillful in our work.

D. To make it possible for us to benefit the whole world.

4.What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To inform. B. To advertise.

C. To introduce. D. To persuade.

Some people have used acupuncture to treat smokers,alcoholics and people who________drugs.

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