题目内容

Scientists have found that human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays while skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach, according to a report by the UK newspaper.

The researchers at Kanazawa Medical University, Japan and American company Johnson conducted the study together. They looked at the effects of light reflection on newly fallen snow on a ski trail in Ishikawa District, northern Japan. They compared the results with the levels of UV rays on a sand beach in southern Japan's Okinawa District.

They found that on the beach, eyes are exposed to a daily 260 kilojoules (千焦耳) of UV a square meter compared to 658 kilojoules in snow-covered areas.

The findings are supported by the Japan Meteorological (气象的) Agency. According to the agency, the reflection rate of UV light on beaches is often between 10 and 25 percent, compared to 80 percent in the new snow areas. The amount of light increased 4 percent with a 300-meter rise in height.

Most of us know that UV rays can harm the skin. That's why we wear sunscreen on our skin before we get out in the sun. But many of us may not realize that UV rays are also harmful to the eyes.

If your eyes are exposed to large amounts of UV radiation over a short period of time, you may experience a kind of sunburn of the eye, which is harmful. Your eyes will become red and feel a strange feeling. They may be sensitive to light. Fortunately, this is usually temporary and seldom causes permanent damage to the eyes.

Long-term exposure to UV radiation, however, can be more serious. Scientific studies and researches have shown that exposure to small amounts of UV radiation over a period of many years increases the chance of eye damage, which could lead to total blindness.

1.You would most likely find the article in ________.

A. a doctor’s diary B. a travel journal

C. a medical magazine D. a physics textbook

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Too much eye exposure to UV rays may cause total blindness.

B. Short-time exposure of the eyes to UV rays doesn't harm them at all.

C. Most people know that UV rays harm the eyes as well as the skin.

D. The study was conducted by researchers from Japan, the USA and the UK.

3.Human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays while skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach because ________.

A. snow produces more UV light than water

B. people don’t wear sunscreen while skiing as they do while sitting on the beach

C. the reflection rate of UV light in snow-covered areas is much higher than that on the beach

D. human eyes are exposed longer to UV light in the snow- covered areas than on the beach

4.What will the passage most probably talk about next?

A. Never ski on newly fallen snow in Japan.

B. Go to hospital to have your eyes examined.

C. Wearing a hat can provide protection while skiing in new snow areas.

D. Take some measures to protect your eyes while skiing in new snow areas.

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Whenever we see a button, we are eager to press it because we know something will happen. This is true in most cases, for example on a doorbell and on the “on/off” button on the TV. But some buttons are actually fake, like the “close” button on a lift.

Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they don’t have the patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts’ “close” buttons are a complete scam(骗局), at least in the US-the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.

It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US, making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter. Only US firefighters and repairmen can use the buttons to speed up the door-closing process if they have a code or special keys.

But to normal lift riders, the buttons aren’t completely useless. According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.

“Perceived (能够感知的)control is very important. It reduces stress and increases well-being,” Ellen J. Langer, a psychology professor, said, “having a lack of control is associated with depression.”

Experts have revealed that a lot of buttons that don’t do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose. For example, many offices in the US have fake thermostats(温度调节器) because people tend to feel better when they think they can control the temperature in their workspace.

But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”, they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.

“That habit is here to stay,” John Kounios, a psychology professor, said. “Even though I have real doubts about the traffic light buttons, I always press them. After all, I’ve got nothing else to do while waiting. So why not press the button in the hope that this one will work?”

1.What was the author’s main purpose in writing the article?

A. To analyze the functions of fake buttons

B. To describe some different kinds of fake buttons

C. To explain the advantages and disadvantages of fake buttons

D. To explore people’s different habits when it comes to pushing buttons

2.In America, the “close” buttons on lifts .

A. are fake for the convenience of disabled people

B. work only when people press them hard for a while

C. were specially designed to give people a sense of control

D. cannot speed up the process of closing the door in any case

3.The underlined part “for this same purpose” in Paragraph 6 refers to .

A. making people more patient

B. giving people perceived control

C. helping people to build up confidence

D. making people with depression feel better

4.According to John Kounios, people who press fake buttons .

A. should give up this habit

B. probably do so to kill time

C. consider what they do to be meaningless

D. don’t know that what they press is fake

Lake Titicaca is a famous lake in South America. The culture of the ancient people around the lake is thought to be 1. (true) advanced but has long remained a mystery. Recently, however, scientists participating 2. an exploration project there have found what is believed to be 3. 1000-year-old temple under the water.

The temple 4. (build) by ancient people was indeed quite well preserved. The project leaders hope to begin raising important materials from the site in the 5. (expect) that they can solve the mystery eventually.

“Scientists have not yet had the opportunity to study the materials carefully due to a great many 6. (hardship). Yet with our efforts, we are bound 7. (achieve) greater success if we can keep 8. up.” said project director, John Aubi.

Since 2016, divers from the research team 9. (make) over 200 dives into water 30 meters deep. They have kept recording the ancient remains on film. A meeting,10. will start later, is aimed to review the film.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号^，并在其下面写出该增加的词。删除：把多余的词用(/)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Lily is one of the pupils who is studying in Dongshan Primary School. One day, in her way to school，Lily found a wallet lay on the road. She picked it up and found a lot of money and a calling card in them. She thought the loser must be worried. Without the wallet, she went to a public telephone and called on the owner. Then she waited at the bus-stop. The owner came by taxi in a moment. Lily gave the wallet to her. The owner was very thankful that she took out a 100-yuan note to reward Lily. But he refused it and went to school. Seen this, the owner raised her thumb and praised Lily helping her in time again and again.

A couple had a son eleven years after they married. They were a loving couple and the boy was the apple of their eye. When the boy was around four years old, one day the father was very tired after work so he asked his wife to pick up their son. The mother, who was very busy in the kitchen, totally forgot about it.

Later the boy lost his way on the street. When the son was found missing, the mother hurried to look for him, but she didn’t find him. The mother felt very sad and didn’t know how to face her husband.

When the father went to the police station after hearing that the son was missing, he looked at his wife and said just four words. What do you think the four words were? The husband just said "I love you, darling.

The son was missing. If she had picked him up earlier, this would not have happened. There is no point in blaming (责备) anyone. His wife had also lost her only child. What his wife needed at that moment was comfort and understanding from her husband. That is what the husband gave his wife. Several weeks later, with the help of the police, the couple finally found their lost son. The family’s relationship became stronger over that time.

Sometimes we spend lots of time asking who is to blame. We miss many chances to give each other support and let each other feel the warmth of human relationships. Get rid of all your unwillingness to forgive, selfishness, and fears and you will find the world is much more wonderful

1.What is the meaning of the underlined phrase “the apple of their eye”

A. A person who always has a sweet smile in their opinion.

B. A person who is as pretty as an apple in their opinion.

C. A person who is loved more than anyone else in their opinion.

D. A person who looks like an apple in their opinion.

2.Why didn’t the father pick the boy up himself?

A. He was very lazy.

B. He thought the mother had picked him up.

C. He forgot to pick him up.

D. He was too tired to do it.

3.What can we learn from this passage?

A. Be careful in everything you do.

B. Love is the most important thing.

C. Learn to forgive others.

D. Everyone can make mistakes.

4.What do you think of the husband?

A. Warm-hearted. B. Careful.

C. Hard-working. D. Broad-minded.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I’m still a high school student, and on my way to begin my college days. Every day, devote to my study, I had learned much knowledge, which will definitely promise me a good performance in my college entrance exam. I hope that I can be admitting into my dream university, one with good equipment and learned professors, who can offer me guidance when I am in a trouble. Of course, there will be exams in college to check my study. I share the same idea with Mike that we should be active in college. I won’t bury myself at books the whole day. Instead, I’ll join much clubs that I can develop my social skills. I firmly believe that only when I fulfill my potential I make my college life more colorfully.

Jane Eyre

Jane Eyre, a novel written by Charlotte Bronte, was published in 1847 in England. It is Charlotte Bronte’s most famous book. Jane Eyre is a love story. It tells about a young and independent woman called Jane Eyre, who is brave enough to pursue her own love.

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Uncle Tom’s Cabin is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in 1852, the novel “helped lay the base for the Civil War”, according to Will Kaufman. When Abraham Lincoln met Stowe at the start of the Civil War, Lincoln declared, “So it is the little lady who started this great war.” The character of Uncle Tom in the novel is a longsuffering black slave. The sad novel exposes the reality of slavery.

Gone with the Wind

Gone with the Wind is a novel by Margaret Mitchell in 1936. It tells the story of Scarlett O’Hara, and her adventures in the American South during the Civil War. She falls in love with Rhett Butler, a city gentleman. It is one of the most famous books of its time, and was made into a movie with the same name. The title took its name from the lines an Ernest Dowson poem: “I have forgotten much, Cynara! Gone with the wind.” (This line also appears in the book.) The book won the Pulitzer Prize on May 3,1937.

Rich Dad Poor Dad

Rich Dad Poor Dad is a book by Robert Kiyosaki and Sharon Lechter. In the story, Robert’s own father was the superintendent (厅长) of education in Hawaii and end up dying penniless. His best friend’s father dropped out of school at age 13 and went on to become one of the wealthiest men in Hawaii. It advocates financial independence through investing, real estate (地产), owning businesses, and the use of finance protection tactics.

1.Whose book had a great impact on the Civil War in the U.S.?

A. Charlotte Bronte’s.

B. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s.

C. Margaret Mitchell’s.

D. Robert Kiyosaki and Sharon Lechter’s.

2.Where was the name of the book Gone with the Wind taken from?

A. An adventurous story. B. The Civil War.

C. A poem. D. The Pulitzer Prize.

3.Who will be interested in the book Rich Dad Poor Dad?

A. A woman who is eager for free love.

B. A historian who studies the history of the U.S.A.

C. A businessman who wants to be wealthy.

D. A politician who warns to enter politics.

You can’t imagine what great trouble we have ________________ the problem ___________.

A. to solve; being talked about B. solving; talking about

C. to solve; to talk about D. solving; being talked about

Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world. In theUnited States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.

Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people’s lives. It alters people’s ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains (维持) modern life.

Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, and a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.

The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.[

Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization andstandards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.

1.According to the author, American television is poor in quality because _________.

A. it is controlled by radio companies

B. the programs have to be developed partly for economic reasons

C. advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideas

D. it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radio

2.In the author’s view, American TV should _________.

A. be entertaining and attractive

B. reflect society and attract society

C. maintain and encourage the life as it exists

D. change with the development of society

3.Based on the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. TV has become a must in the American’s life.

B. One can expect to improve his understanding significantly from watching TV.

C. American TV is important to most people as it affects their life in many ways.

D. American TV nowadays has some different standards from the past.

4.The author’s attitude towards American television is _________.

A. negative B. positive

C. indifferent D. sympathetic

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