[题目]At one time, the Iroquois Indians lived along the lakes and rivers of the northern part of New York.The five tribes (部落) - the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca - fought with each othe 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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【题目】At one time, the Iroquois Indians lived along the lakes and rivers of the northern part of New York.The five tribes (部落) — the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca — fought with each other for years.

In the late 1500s, a wise Iroquois man named Dekanawida had a dream.In his dream, he saw the end of the Indian wars.An Onondaga chief named Hiawatha agreed to help Dekanawida bring peace to the area.Hiawatha traveled from tribe to tribe, trying to persuade the tribal leaders to unite in peace.The leaders realized that if they stopped fighting, they could become a powerful force in the Northeast area.

The leaders of the five tribes set up a league, called the Iroquois League, which brought all five tribes together.They set up a kind of democratic (民主的) government in which each tribe had an equal voice.A Great Council was formed.Fortynine chiefs from every tribe were appointed to the Council.The members were all men, but they were chosen by the elder women of the tribes.The Council worked together to solve big issues for the league, while each tribe remained selfgoverning.

In 1722, the Iroquois League increased from five to six tribes when the Tuscarora tribe joined them.The Iroquois League controlled the fur trade in the area.They controlled land from Canada to Kentucky.The Iroquois League remained powerful for over 200 years.

Then during the War of Independence, most of the Iroquois League sided with the British.After the Americans defeated the British, many Iroquois villages were destroyed.The Iroquois were forced to move and live on reservations (印第安人居留地)．This caused the Iroquois League to become less powerful.

History shows that the writers of the United States Constitution used some of the same ideas as the Iroquois League.One section of the Iroquois Constitution is entitled “Rights of the People” and might be compared to the “Bill of Rights”．The Iroquois League’s constitution is often called America’s first democracy.

【1】The underlined word “voice” in Paragraph 3 could probably be replaced by“________”．

A. sound B. power

C. saying D. speech

【2】According to the text, the Iroquois League ________.

A. consisted of six tribes in the 17th century

B. became weak after the War of Independence

C. helped the Americans defeat the British

D. was greatly supported by the Americans

【3】The political system of the Iroquois League ________.

A. was ignored by American history experts

B. had nothing to do with the “Bill of Rights”

C. influenced the United States Constitution

D. was entitled “Rights of the People”

【4】Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. The Iroquois League

B. The American Indians

C. The culture of the Iroquois

D. The United States Constitution

【答案】

【1】B

【2】B

【3】C

【4】A

【解析】

本文是一篇历史知识的记叙文，北美洲土著部落形成的部落联盟the Iroquois League团结了原本分裂的各个部落形成了一个强大的联盟，主宰了北美大陆的大片土地。联盟的构建体系对美国的宪法产生了一定的影响。

【1】猜测词意题。根据本句“They set up a kind of democratic (民主的) government in which each tribe had an equal voice.”中“democratic”可知他们建立的是一个民主政府，所有的政府成员都有平等的权力。该词意为“power”，故B项正确。

【2】细节理解题。根据文章第五段后三句“After the Americans defeated the British, many Iroquois villages were destroyed. The Iroquois were forced to move and live on reservations (印第安人居留地)．This caused the Iroquois League to become less powerful.”可知在美国独立战争以后，英国人被打败了，很多“the Iroquois League”的村子被毁掉，族人被赶走，the Iroquois League

的权力被大大削弱了。故B项正确。

【3】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句“History shows that the writers of the United States Constitution used some of the same ideas as the Iroquois League.”可知美国的宪法也借鉴了the Iroquois League联盟中一些类似的做法。说明美国的宪法也受到the Iroquois League的影响。故C项正确。

【4】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了北美洲土著部落形成的部落联盟the Iroquois League团结了原本分裂的各个部落形成了一个强大的联盟，主宰了北美大陆的大片土地。联盟的构建体系对美国的宪法产生了一定的影响。故A项符合文章的中心思想。BCD三项都只涉及文章部分内容。

本文小题4考查了主旨大意题中的标题，A项是文章的中心思想，BCD三项都只涉及文章部分内容，把包括的范围缩小了。英语的阅读文章为了表达的准确、严密，很注意对范围的限定，有时通过加上almost all，nearly，more than，normally，usually等词对文意加以限制，“扩缩范围”干扰法就是通过改变或去掉限制性词语，将信息中的范围、程度、色彩等改变，从而导致错误。

例：More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual to work. In the United States, the change from formal to casual office wear has been slow. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday. This became known as“dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Antony Jones.

Q：According to the passage, which of the following is True?

A. Company workers started to dress down about 30 years ago.

B. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s.

C.“Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.

D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.

『个案解析』：此题中的选项B就是属于扩大了范围。原文提到雇主允许雇员在Friday穿着较为随便的衣服，而不是every day，此题的正确答案为D。

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增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．

One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, a truck came to a stop besides us. The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through. I stood there and couldn’t believe in that a complete stranger is so thoughtful. The man insisted, so I grateful accepted the offer, thanked him and watched the truck disappear down the road. This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give them to someone else. It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expect anything in return.

【题目】One day Kavya and I were playing tennis and the ball went into a man’s house. Then we went to his house and asked if he could give us our ball. He said, “No”. We felt helpless. But suddenly we came up with an idea. There was a water tank (水箱) behind the man’s house. I told Kavya, “We can climb onto the water tank and jump over the gate.” Kavya agreed, but we were both wearing skirts. We couldn’t climb in those. “We can get it back tomorrow，” said Kavya.

The next day we went there with Kavya’s brother Vijay. He said, “Shout loudly if you need me.” Kavya climbed onto the water tank first and then she climbed down into the man’s house. I followed her. We were looking under a bed for the ball when we heard a noise. It was Vijay. “Mother is calling you，” he said in a low voice.

We hurried out taking the lost ball with us. Along with the ball was a surprise! But we had to leave the house quickly. When we reached Kavya’s house, the TV was on. It was news time. I couldn’t believe my ears when it said that 20 gold bars were stolen from a gold shop. They showed a picture of the gold bars, which were exactly like the one we had seen in the man’s house.

We told the story to Kavya’s mother right away, and she called the police. Soon the police caught the man. They found all the gold bars in his house. A few days later a policeman came to us and said, “Thank you for helping us catch the guy. Here is a bag for all of you.” When we opened it, it was full of storybooks and lovely toys. Standing beside us, Kavya’s mother was all smiles.

【1】The children decided to climb over the water tank ________.

A. after they were refused by the man

B. because their ball fell onto the tank

C. to see who was brave enough to do that

D. because they wondered who the man was

【2】The surprise mentioned in Paragraph 3 refers to ________.

A. a tennis ball B. storybooks

C. a gold bar D. toys

【3】We can infer from the text that Kavya’s mother ________.

A. hated watching TV

B. enjoyed playing tennis

C. knew the man very well

D. was proud of her daughter

【4】What can we learn from the story?

A. Better late than never.

B. The day has eyes, the night has ears.

C. A bad thing never dies.

D. Friendship is love with understanding.

【题目】假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Jay一直对中国美食感兴趣。请你写一封信邀请他参加山西举办的美食文化节，内容包括：

1．写信目的； 2．时间地点； 3．活动内容。

注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【题目】请你根据下面的提示，用英语对钟南山作简单介绍，写一篇英语作文。

出生	1936 年 10 月出生于南京，21 世纪最出名的医学家之一
教育背景	1953 年，就读于广东实验中学；1960 年，毕业于北京医学院
主要成就	2003 年和 2020 年，以钟南山为代表的医护工作者经长期努力,抗击了非典和新冠肺炎；2004 年，钟南山被评为“感动中国 2003 年度”十大人物之一。
评价	他在医学领域工作 60 多年，取得了很多成就, 是一位受国人尊敬的好医生。

注意：1. 词数 100 左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯

（新冠肺炎 NCP, 非典 SARS）

【题目】 At my first class in the Forks High School, Mr. Banner,my English teacher sent me to an empty desk at the back without【1】 (introduce) me to the class. It was harder for my new classmates 【2】(stare) at me in the back, but somehow, they managed. I kept my eyes down on the reading list the teacher had given me. It was 【3】(fair) basic: Bronte,Shakespeare,Chaucer, Faulkner. I’d already read everything. That was comforting… and boring.

【题目】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Sending gifts varies greatly from country to country. In Australia, Canada, the United States 【1】 European countries, sending gifts is rarely expected. While seen as a nice gesture, it is more important to avoid 【2】 (give) highly personal gifts such as clothing. When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these 【3】 (country), it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.

In America, 【4】 (expense) gifts are definitely out. A good 【5】 (choose) is to take the deserving person to dinner, or to 【6】 entertainment or a sporting event. 【7】 the contrary, gift giving is a traditional custom in Japan. In Japan the proper gift is thought 【8】 (express)the giver's true friendship, gratitude and respect far 【9】 (well) than words can. So if you plan to visit Japan or to have any Japanese visit you here, be prepared.

Australia is known for its friendliness and informality. So modest gifts, such as a diary, a paperweight, or a coffee cup might 【10】 (present) to a friend. At a trade show, Tshirts, ties, baseball caps, or a pin may be appropriate souvenirs. Anything more than these types of gifts could cause embarrassment.

【题目】假定你是李华，你班外教Ms. King任教期满即将回国。作为班长，你将代表班级在告别会上发言致谢，并赠送纪念品。内容包括：

1．感激之情；

2．礼物寓意；

3．美好祝愿。

注意：1．词数100左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Hi, everybody,

On this special occasion, I feel much honored

Thank you very much!

【题目】 It was a little before nine o'clock on Tuesday night. 【1】 “Do you need a second helping of pudding?"a waitress asked. Antonio, who had already finished a plate of pasta,a Fish Stew and a slice of cake, couldn't answer it right away. The question might be common for most diners, but for him, it was entirely novel because he was homeless and was having the meal for free. 【2】 .He had no preparation for it.

【3】But at night, it transforms itself into a pioneering place where homeless people such as Antonio can dine free of charge, at tables set with flowers, metal cutlery（餐具）and proper glasses.

The restaurant is the latest initiative（初步行动）from the charity Mensajeros de la Paz.It was founded 54 years ago by Father Angel Garcia Rodriguez. Its business model – using breakfast and lunch takings from paying customers to fund free evening meals for the homeless - is simple enough. 【4】 “The inspiration came from Pope Francis, who's spoken again and again about the importance of giving people dignity, whether it's through bread or through work," said Father Angel. “ 【5】People with nothing can come and eat in the restaurant and get the same treatment as everyone else. It's just common sense."

A.By day, the Robin Hood restaurant, which sits on a side street near the center of Madrid,is a typical Spanish bar.

B.So we thought, why not open a restaurant with tablecloths, proper cutlery and waiters?

C.They plan to extend the scheme and hopes it will attract famous chefs to come to cook.

D.It was the first time that he had been asked such a question.

E.The homeless are treated with respect at the restaurant.

F.Antonio found himself facing a welcome dilemma.

G.Its aim, however, is a little ambitious.

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