题目内容
20．In most situations，light helps us see．But when it comes to looking at the night sky，light is actually a kind of pollution．It prevents our view of some of life's most striking sights：stars，planets，and even galaxies（银河系）．"When I was a little boy，I loved the night sky．I remember looking up and the sky was filled with stars．I became an astronomer because I was amazed by their beauty，"says Robert Gent，"Now in most big cities kids can't see the stars like I did．"
Normally，about 2，500 individual （单个的） stars are visible to the human eyes without using any special equipment．But because of light pollution，you actually see just 200 to 300 and fewer than a dozen from some cities．Only one in three Americans can see our own galaxy with the naked eyes．Those people live far away from the lights of big cities，office buildings，and shopping malls．
Fortunately，there's an inexpensive and useful way．If we shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky，and use lower brightness levels，we can save big amounts of energy and keep the beauty of the night sky．Many cities and towns have passed laws limiting lights at night，making sure enough shine for safety without creating much light pollution．
Light pollution affects more than our view of the heavens and can harm wildlife．Migrating birds（候鸟） sometimes fly over cities and become confused by the brightness，flying in circles until they drop from exhaustion． Sea turtles need dark beaches for nesting and won't approach bright lights．Too much light at night may even affect human health．For all these reasons，researchers are working on ways to use lights only when and where they are truly needed．Everyone deserves to look up at the sky．
71．According to the text，using our naked eyes，A．
A．people in remote areas can see more stars than those in big cities
B．over one third Americans can see our own galaxy
C．about one in three Americans in big cities can see our own galaxy
D．Americans can only see 200 to 300 stars
72．Many cities and towns have passed laws limiting lights at night mainly toD．
A．save the electricity
B．make sure of migrating birds'safety
C．let you count the number of stars
D．avoid much light pollution
73．What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about？B
A．The cause of light pollution
B．The way to reduce light pollution
C．The effect of light pollution．
D．People's attitude towards light pollution
74．The underlined word"exhaustion"in the last paragraph meansB．
A．air pollution B．tiredness C．breath D．brightness
75．Which would be the best title for the text？A
A．Light Pollution B．Seeking the Sky C．Stars in the Sky D．City Pollution．
分析 本文主要讲述的是被很多人遗忘的光污染，在文章中列举了多个事例进行了详细说明．
解答 ADBBA
71 A 细节题．根据文章第三段最后3行Only one in three Americans can see our own galaxy with the naked eyes．Those people live far away from the lights of big cities，office buildings，and shopping malls．可知只有在远离城市的地方，人们可以用肉眼看到我们的银河系．也就是说生活在远离城市的地方，人们看到的星星比生活在城市里的人要多．故A正确．
72 D 细节题．根据文章第4段最后2行Many cities and towns have passed laws limiting lights at night，making sure enough shine for safety without creating much light pollution．可知很多城市通过了很多的法律，目的在于避免太多的光污染．故D正确．
73 B 段落大意题．根据本段第一句和最后一句Fortunately，there's an inexpensive and useful way．和Many cities and towns have passed laws limiting lights at night，making sure enough shine for safety without creating much light pollution可知本段主要讲述的是减少光污染的方法，一个是个人采取的，另外一个是政府采取的措施．故B正确．
74 B 推理题．根据本句Migrating birds（候鸟） sometimes fly over cities and become confused by the brightness，flying in circles until they drop from exhaustion．可知很多候鸟都因为光污染而无法辨明方向，一直在绕圈飞行，直到最后精疲力竭掉到地上．故该词是指B项含义．
75 A 主旨大意题．根据文章主题段第一句 In most situations，light helps us see．But when it comes to looking at the night sky，light is actually a kind of pollution．可知本文主要讲述的是光污染的话题，在下面几段里做了详细的举例说明．故A正确．
点评 做阅读理解时要快速的浏览全文，把握文章主旨大意，带着问题回到原文，寻找细节或概括相应的答案，最后要理清作者写作思路．
练习册系列答案
阅读快车系列答案
相关题目
10．An interview with Benno Nigg，the sports scientist
76．D
Nigg's Answer：That is a little bit overstated．But the literature shows that shoes are a minor player in injury development．If you take a group of people and want to injure them，send them out every day for a 20-kilometre run．A lot of them will be injured in three weeks．The major factors are the distance run，the intensity and recovery time，not the shoes．
77．B
Nigg's Answer：The problem is that if you go to a store and want to find your best shoes，you don't know what to do．Things that are sometimes done，like video analysis of your rear foot movement，may not help．The only way to assess whether a shoe is right for you is how it feels．If you feel comfortable in a shoe，it's likely to be good for you．
78．C
Nigg's Answer：A shoe may act as a training device，making some muscles to function more effectively for a majority of users．Or it may use materials that last longer．That may have something to do with its price．However，for the average runner it is difficult to distinguish between actual functional designs and unnecessary features．Generally，the more a shoe controls movement，the more it acts like a cast，which means you lose some muscle strength，and your feet are more likely to be injured．
79．F
Nigg's Answer：Yes，for about 80per cent of people．The major benefits are training the small muscles crossing the ankle joint，and a reduction of knee and lower back pain．However，some claims for these unstable shoes are overstated，such as the general muscle strengthening that they are claimed to produce．
80．E
Nigg's Answer：There are claims that there are fewer injuries when you run barefoot，but there is not yet enough evidence，or enough research，to prove that．If you look at performance，most papers suggest an advantage of 3to 4per cent．With a few exceptions，people don't run barefoot，so it may be that it's not an advantage，or it may be that we're just not used to it．
| A．What kind of technology might we see in sports shoes of the future？ B．What should people look out for when buying a new pair of sports shoes？ C．Will a more expensive shoe make me run faster or jump higher，as the ads suggest？ D．Is it true that expensive shoes are no better at preventing injury than cheap ones？ E．Some people say we should run just as well without shoes．What's your opinion？ F．You helped develop the unstable Masai MBT shoes．Does this design actually work？ |
Nigg's Answer：That is a little bit overstated．But the literature shows that shoes are a minor player in injury development．If you take a group of people and want to injure them，send them out every day for a 20-kilometre run．A lot of them will be injured in three weeks．The major factors are the distance run，the intensity and recovery time，not the shoes．
77．B
Nigg's Answer：The problem is that if you go to a store and want to find your best shoes，you don't know what to do．Things that are sometimes done，like video analysis of your rear foot movement，may not help．The only way to assess whether a shoe is right for you is how it feels．If you feel comfortable in a shoe，it's likely to be good for you．
78．C
Nigg's Answer：A shoe may act as a training device，making some muscles to function more effectively for a majority of users．Or it may use materials that last longer．That may have something to do with its price．However，for the average runner it is difficult to distinguish between actual functional designs and unnecessary features．Generally，the more a shoe controls movement，the more it acts like a cast，which means you lose some muscle strength，and your feet are more likely to be injured．
79．F
Nigg's Answer：Yes，for about 80per cent of people．The major benefits are training the small muscles crossing the ankle joint，and a reduction of knee and lower back pain．However，some claims for these unstable shoes are overstated，such as the general muscle strengthening that they are claimed to produce．
80．E
Nigg's Answer：There are claims that there are fewer injuries when you run barefoot，but there is not yet enough evidence，or enough research，to prove that．If you look at performance，most papers suggest an advantage of 3to 4per cent．With a few exceptions，people don't run barefoot，so it may be that it's not an advantage，or it may be that we're just not used to it．
TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language，which assesses the proficiency （熟练） of English language of a person in an academic setting．Various institutions，scholarship programs require this test as a trusted and effective indicator of a person's ability to communicate in English．