题目内容
2.In a development that would have seemed hardly possible just over a decade ago,many of us have gained constant access to information.If we need to find out the score of a ballgame,learn how to perform a complicated mathematical task,or simply remember the name of the actress in the movie we are viewing,we need only turn to our laptops or smart phones and we can find the answers immediately.It has become such an ordinary practice to look up the answer to any question the moment it occurs.It can feel like going through withdrawal when we can't find out something immediately.We are seldom offline unless by choice and the Internet,with its search engines like Baidu and Google and the information stored there,has become an external (外部的)memory source that we can access at any time.Storing information externally is nothing particularly new,even before the invention of computers.In any group relationship,people typically develop a transactive (交换式)memory,which is a combination of memory stores held directly by individuals and the memory stores they can access because they are in touch with someone who knows that information.Like linked computers that can address each other's memories,people in groups form transactive memory systems.
In a recent research led by Besty Sparrow of Columbia University,researchers have explored whether having online access to search engines has become a primary transactive memory source in itself.If asked the question whether there are any countries with only one color in their flag,for example,do we think about flags一or immediately think to go online to find out the answer?
In one experiment,the participants were asked to read 40memorable unimportant statements of the type that they could look up online (e.g.,an ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain).Then they were asked to type the statements into computer to assure memory.Half the participants believed the computer would save what was typed and the other half believed the item would be erased.After the reading and typing task,participants wrote down as many of the statements as they could remember.
It turned out that participants who believed the computer would erase what they had typed had better recall than those who regarded the computer as the memory source.
The Internet has become a primary form of transactive memory,and processes of human memory are adapting to the new computing and communication technology.Just as we learn through transactive memory
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who knows what in our families and offices,we are learning what the computer"knows"and when we should attend to where we have stored information in our computer-based memories.The importance of the information from the Internet is almost equal to that of all the knowledge we gain from our friends and coworkers-and lose if they are out of touch.The experience of losing our Internet connection becomes more and more like losing a friend.We must always remain plugged in to know what the Internet knows.
50.Which of the following can best replace the underlined part of the first paragraphB?
A.It is only too common.
B.It is very painful.
C.It gives us pleasure.
D.It makes us curious.
51.We can learn from paragraph 2thatC.
A.transactive memory goes hand in hand with the computer technology
B.transactive memory is shared only when two people don't know each other
C.transactive memory exists long before the invention of the computer
D.transactive memory systems can be developed by an individual independently
52.Which of following is NOT correct about the experiment mentioned in the fourth paragraphD?
A."The fifth American president is James Monroe"is a statement fit for the experiment.
B.Reading and typing the statement are both intended for strengthening participants'memory.
C.Were the typing to be erased,the computer wouldn't be a reliable memory source for participants any longer.
D.The experiment suggests whether or not to type the information has little effect on our memory.
53.What can we infer from the last paragraphA?
A.We are becoming more and more dependent on the Internet for information.
B.The Internet is causing our brain to function less efficiently.
C.The Internet gives us access to a wide range of information without any disadvantages.
D.The author uses losing the access to the Internet to stress the sadness of losing a friend.
54.What is the author's tone in the last paragraphC?
A.Approving.
B.Doubtful.
C.Objective.
D.Optimistic.
55.What can we learn from the passageD?
A.Transactive memory is essential to the development of mankind.
B.Search engines make us more curious and enthusiastic about new information.
C.The Internet is the most important form of transactive memory.
D.Changes in our memory processes serve as an adaptation to new technology.
分析 本文属于科教类的文章阅读.随着科技的发展,我们对电子科技的依赖变得比以往任何时候都更明显,其中主要介绍了交互式的记忆模式的发展过程,以及对我们的记忆模式变化的要求.
解答 50-55 BCDACD
50.B.细节理解题.根据后面的时间状语when we can't find out something immediately.描述的内容可知,在信息化的社会,当我们不能立刻查找到相关信息时,我们是会感到不舒服的,所以It can feel like going through withdrawal意思应该是It is very painful;故选B.
51.C.细节理解题.根据开头一句Storing information externally is nothing particularly new,even before the invention of computers.可知,外部的信息储存在电脑被发明之前就已经存在了;后面描述的交换式记忆就是指的这一模式,所以C项的叙述是正确的;故选C.
52.D.推理判断题.根据实验结果It turned out that participants who believed the computer would erase what they had typed had better recall than those who regarded the computer as the memory source可知,打印出来的信息对于我们的记忆力是有很大影响的;其他三项的描述是与短文的内容相符合的;故选D.
53.A.推理判断题.根据最后一段的内容尤其是The experience of losing our Internet connection becomes more and more like losing a friend可知,我们对电脑的依赖变得比以往任何时候都强烈;故选A.
54.C.推理判断题.从最后一段的叙述语气上来判断,作者对问题的分析都是比较客观的,没有个人的感情色彩,例如一句The importance of the information from the Internet is almost equal to that of all the knowledge we gain from our friends and coworkers-and lose if they are out of touch.所以选C.
55.D.从文章内容的叙述以及最后一句We must always remain plugged in to know what the Internet knows.可知,我们要时刻紧跟时代的步伐,我们记忆方式的变化要适应科技的变化;故选D.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断
A. | anyhow | B. | besides | C. | otherwise | D. | moreover |
A. | considerable | B. | comparable | C. | predictable | D. | irresistible |
A. | stubborn | B. | grateful | C. | fancy | D. | confident |
A. | preference | B. | conflict | C. | prejudice | D. | status |
The mother rushed to her son,then she turned to me to(21)D.
I smiled and told her,"It's okay."Then I (22)Athe boy,"Hi,I'm Darryl Kramer.How are you?"
He studied me (23)D,and asked,"Are you a little mommy?"
"Yes,I have a son,"I answered.
"(24)Bare you so little?"he asked in curiosity.
"It's (25)B I was born,"I said."Some people are little.Some are tall.I'm just not going to grow any (26)A."After I answered his other questions,I shook the boy's hand and left.
My life as a little person is (27)Cwith stories like that.I enjoy talking to children and explaining why I look (28)Afrom their parents.
It takes only one glance to see my (29)D.I stand three feet nine inches tall.I was a born dwarf (侏儒).(30)D this,I did all the things other kids did when I was growing up.
I didn't realize how short I was (31)BI started school.(32)B kids picked on me,calling me names (嘲笑我).Then I knew,I began to (33)Cthe first day of school each year.New students would always stare at me as I struggled to(34)Athe school bus stairs.
But I learned to smile and accept the (35)Dthat I was going to be noticed my whole life.I decided to make my uniqueness and advantage rather than a disadvantage.What I lacked in height,I make up for in (36)D.
It's the children's questions that make my life (37)B.I enjoy answering their questions.My hope is that I will (38)C them to accept their peers (同龄人) whatever (39)Aand shape they come in,and treat them (40)C.
21.A.scold | B.acknowledge | C.help | D.apologize |
22.A.spoke to | B.dealt with | C.looked at | D.kept to |
23.A.from time to time | B.from beginning to end | C.from head to toe | D.from right to left |
24.A.When | B.Why | C.How | D.Whether |
25.A.the time | B.the way | C.the chance | D.the reason |
26.A.bigger | B.smaller | C.stronger | D.weaker |
27.A.satisfied | B.disappointed | C.filled | D.applied |
28.A.different | B.similar | C.familiar | D.short |
29.A.shortage | B.kindness | C.patience | D.uniqueness |
30.A.Instead of | B.Owing to | C.But for | D.In spite of |
31.A.after | B.until | C.when | D.unless |
32.A.Every | B.Some | C.No | D.Both |
33.A.enjoy | B.expect | C.hate | D.avoid |
34.A.climb | B.step | C.get | D.jump |
35.A.matter | B.mistake | C.situation | D.fact |
36.A.strength | B.power | C.sympathy | D.personality |
37.A.strange | B.special | C.common | D.convenient |
38.A.advocate | B.advance | C.encourage | D.educate |
39.A.size | B.weight | C.width | D.length |
40.A.gladly | B.differently | C.equally | D.peacefully. |