题目内容
1.In the increasingly busier world where productivity is on the minds of many,instead of downloading the latest time management app,or forcing yourself to stay at work for hours on end,is there a(n) (51)B to being productive?The first thing we should know is that willpower is a(n) (52)C source that can be entirely used up.So instead of(53)A yourself to simply try harder,a more methodical approach is suggested.
The first step:Get started!It may seem (54)C but studies have shown starting a project to be the biggest barrier to productivity.Before starting,our brain visualizes the hardest parts to come,and instead tries to simulate real work by focusing on small mindless tasks.
(55)B,there's construct of the mind known as the Zeigernik Effect (蔡格尼克效应),which helps humans to finish a task that they've already started.The Zeigernik Effect shows that when we don't finish a task,we experience (56)D and intrusive thoughts about it.So get started.
Now what about time management?Shockingly,when we look at most of the elite musicians in the world,we find that they aren't (57)A practicing more.Instead,they focus their energy on the hardest task.Those musicians have periods of intense work followed by breaks.Not relying on willpower,they rely on their (58)B and disciplined scheduling.Studies have found that most elite violinists generally follow a 90minute work rule with a 15to 20minute break afterwards every day.But how can you develop the discipline to follow this (59D?
One key point is giving yourself a deadline; write it down; mark it in your calendar.And you'll be much more likely to complete your task.On top of this,create something called an accountability (问责制) chart to (60)C your progress.In one column write the time span,and in the other the activities you accomplished during this time,(61)A those on a diet who record their food intake.
Writing down your progress allows you to (62)C evaluate your work.As opposed to inaccurately assuming what you've done,further (63)D your progress to the end helps to avoid small mindless work.
And finally,stop multitasking.Well it may feel like you're accomplishing more.But actually,studies show that multi-taskers are much less (64)B.Instead,try and make a list at night of what you want to accomplish tomorrow.With your action plan,you (65)D the idea of trying to complete multiple activities at once.
Your brain will find these less challenging.And it will make the starting process easier.With a clear goal and action plan in mind,your productivity levels can soar to new heights.
51.A.room | B.secret | C.attitude | D.origin |
52.A.outstanding | B.inevitable | C.exhaustible | D.essential |
53.A.convincing | B.resisting | C.preventing | D.discouraging |
54.A.difficult | B.complicated | C.obvious | D.visible |
55.A.Generally | B.Luckily | C.Unfortunately | D.Briefly |
56.A.division | B.mission | C.interruption | D.discomfort |
57.A.necessarily | B.hardly | C.efficiently | D.purposefully |
58.A.patience | B.habit | C.perseverance | D.principle |
59.A.feature | B.intention | C.guidance | D.routine |
60.A.prove | B.influence | C.document | D.determine |
61.A.similar to | B.related to | C.available to | D.owing to |
62.A.rapidly | B.desperately | C.objectively | D.relatively |
63.A.targeting | B.tricking | C.timing | D.tracking |
64.A.promising | B.productive | C.practical | D.plentiful |
65.A.stick to | B.face up to | C.decide on | D.get rid of |
分析 本文为社会生活类说明文,文中提出,在这个日益繁忙的社会中,多产是人们关注的焦点,作者探究了多产的秘密;作者认为意志力是可耗尽的,所以不应该简单地说服自己更努力,而应该有有条理的方法;第一步,开始任务以避免做无意义的事;其次,时间管理,依靠习惯去完成每天的常规任务;第三,给自己定时间期限,并把自己这段时间的进展记录下来,这有助于对自己的工作进行评估;最后,不要同时做多项任务;同时做多项任务的人产量不高.
解答 51-65 BCACB DABDC ACDBD
51.答案是B.本题考查名词辨析;A.room房间; B.secret 秘密;C.attitude 态度;D.origin 起源;联系文章主题判断,作者探究"多产的秘密",故选B.
52.答案是C.本题考查形容词辨析;A.Outstanding 杰出的;B.inevitable 不可避免的;C.exhaustible 可耗尽的;D.essential 根本的;由该句中的"use up用完,耗尽"推断,意志力是"可耗尽的",故选C.
53.答案是A.本题考查动词辨析;A.convincing 使某人相信,说服某人;B.resisting抵制; C.preventing 阻止,预防;D.discouraging 劝阻,使灰心;本句表达的是"不是简单地说服(convince)自己更努力,而是建议一个更有条理的方法",故选A.
54.答案是C.本题考查形容词辨析;A.difficult 困难的;B.complicated 复杂的;C.obvious 明显的;D.visible 看得见的;由下文"but studies have shown starting a project to be a biggest barrier to productivity(但是研究表明开始一个项目是多产的最大的障碍)"可见,上文与之对应的是"虽然这看起来很显然(obvious)",故选C.
55.答案是B.本题考查副词辨析;A.Generally 一般地;B.Luckily 幸运地;C.Unfortunately 不幸的;D.Briefly 简洁地;由下文判断"蔡格尼克效应"有助于人们努力完成任务,故为幸事,选B.
56.答案是D.本题考查名词辨析;A.division 划分;B.mission 使命;C.interruption 打断;D.discomfort 不舒服;不安;苦恼;根据上下文可知,"蔡格尼克效应"指在没有完成一项任务时,我们会觉得"不安",故选D.
57.答案是A.本题考查副词辨析;A.necessarily 有必要地;B.hardly 几乎不;C.efficiently 有效地;D.purposefully 有明确目标地;由上下文判断,大多数音乐家"未必(not necessarily)"多练习,而是把更多的注意力集中在最难的部分,故选A.
58.答案是B.本题考查名词辨析;A.patience 耐心B.habit 习惯;C.perseverance 毅力;D.principle 原则;由下文"generally follow a 90minute work rule with a 15to 20minute break afterwards every day"可知大多数杰出的音乐家每天遵循着90分钟的努力配15-20分钟的中场休息,因为每天都在进行,所以是"习惯",故选B.
59.答案是D.本题考查名词辨析;A.feature 特征;B.intention 意图;C.guidance 引导;D.routine 常规;与上文的habit 和下文提供的方法判断,作者分析如何遵守这个"常规",故选D.
60.答案是C.本题考查名词辨析;A.prove证明; B.influence 影响;C.document 记录,为…提供证明;D.determine决定; 由下文"In one column write the time span,and in the other the activities you accomplished during this time,(在一个栏目中写下时间跨度,在另一个栏目中写下这个时间中的成就"推断,作者建议"记录自己的进步",故选C.
61.答案是A.本题考查形容词辨析;A.similar to 相似的;B.related to相关的;C.available to 可得到的;可利用的;D.owing to 因为;作者认为记录自己这段时间的进展相似于节食的人记录食物的"摄入",故选A.
62.答案是C.本题考查副词辨析;A.rapidly迅速地; B.desperately 迫切地;C.objectively客观地; D.relatively 相对地;根据句意,记下进展使你能够"客观地评价工作",故选C.
63.答案是D.本题考查动词辨析;A.targeting 以…为目标B.tricking 欺骗;C.timing计时D.tracking监测,追踪. 记录进展即"监控进步",故选D.
64.答案是B.本题考查形容词辨析;A.promising有希望的,有前途的 B.productive多产的; C.practical 实用的;D.plentiful 大量的;联系文章主题,作者分析的是多产的秘密,作者反对"multitasking",当然是因为multitasking不利于"多产",故选B.
65.答案是D.本题考查动词短语辨析;A.stick to 坚持B.face up to勇敢面对; C.decide on 决定;D.get rid of 去除;由该段主题--stop multitasking推断,作者认为有了行动计划就能"去除"同时做多个任务的念头,故选D.
点评 在完成这样的文章的时候,要理清文章的脉络.答题前一定要读懂全文,弄清文章要表达的思想,注意前后段落之间的关系.答题中,一定要认真分析,注意选项与上下文的关系,与前后单词的关系.对于一时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成,因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来.答完后再通读一篇文章,看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺,语意连贯.
The first step is cooperating.How does a difficult person know that you're listening and understanding?In fact,it's through the way you look and sound while he is talking.You may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings.You do this by nodding your head in agreement,making certain sounds of understanding.
When the person begins to repeat what's been said,it's signal of step two:turning back.It means that you repeat back some words he is using,sending a clear signal that you're listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important.
Having heard what he has to say,the next step is clarifying.At this point,you start to gather information about what is being communicated.Ask some open-ended questions,which will allow you to figure out what he is intended to do.
The fourth step is to summarize what you've heard.This allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult person are on the same page.When you do this,two things happen.First,if you've missed something,he can fill in the details.Second,you've shown what you're making an effort to understand completely.This increase the possibility of gaining cooperation from him.
Having listened carefully,you've now arrived at the point of confirming with the person that he feels satisfied that his thoughts have been fully voiced.Ask if he feels understood.
When enough sincere listening questioning,and remembering are brought together,understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and more cooperative.
Topic | Understand others by (102)listening |
Reason | Difficult people hope that they have been heard and (103)understoodwhen they express themselves. |
(104)Tips/Advice/Suggestionson listening | (105)Nodin agreement and make some sounds of understanding while a difficult person is speaking Repeat some (106)wordsthat you have heard Collect information about the person's expressions and find his (107)intention Give a (108)summaryof what the person has said Confirm that the person gains (109)satisfactionfrom speaking his thoughts |
(110)Conclusion | A difficult person will be easier to (111)cooperatewith if understanding is achieved. |