题目内容

16."Tear'em apart!""Kill the fool!Murder the referee(裁判)!"
These are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events.At the time they are made,they may seem innocent(无辜的) enough.But let's not kid ourselves.They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real bloodshed(流血).Volumes have been written about the way words affect us.It has been shown that words having certain connotation(涵义)may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior.I see the term"opponent"as one of those words.Perhaps the time has come to delete(删除) it from sports terrors.(恐怖)
The dictionary meaning of the term"opponent"is"adversary";"enemy";"one who opposes your interests."Thus,when a player meets an opponent,he or she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy.At such times,winning may dominate (支配)one's intellect(智力),and every action,no matter how gross (rude),may be considered justifiable(无可非议的).I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player's request for a time out for a glove change because he did not consider them wet enough.The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed,"Are they wet enough now?"
In the heat of battle players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way.I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent's international and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play.Off the court,they are good friends.Does that make any sense?It certainly,gives proof of a court attitude which departs(背离) from (goes against) normal behavior.
Therefore,I believe it is time we elevated(提升)the game to the level where it belongs thereby (因而)setting an example to the rest of the sporting world.Replacing the term"opponent"with"associate"could be an ideal way to start.
The dictionary meaning of the term"associate"is"colleague","friend","companion".Reflect a moment!You may soon see and possibly feel the difference in your reaction to the term"associate"rather than"opponent".

56.Which of the following statements best expresses the author's view?B
A.Aggressive behavior in sports can have serious consequences.
B.The words people use can influence their behavior.
C.Unpleasant words in Sports are often used by foreign athletes.
D.Unfair judgments by referees will lead to violence on the sports field.
57.Harsh words are spoken during games because the playersD.
A.are too eager to win
B.are usually short-tempered and easily offended
C.cannot afford to be polite in fierce competition
D.treat their rivals as enemies
58.What did the handball player,do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves?D
A.He refused to continue the game.
B.He angrily hit the referee with a ball.
C.He claimed that the referee was unfair.
D.He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt.
59.The author hopes to have the current situation in sports improved byC.
A.calling on players to use clean language on the court
B.raising the referee's sense of responsibility
C.changing the attitude of players on the sports field
D.regulating the relationship between players and referees.

分析 这是一篇论述文,由赛场上一些评论言语对运动员行为上的影响实例来论述带某些含义的词语会使人偏离正常的人道主义行为.

解答 56.B.推理判断题.根据第二段第四行中"words having certain connotations may…our usual humanistic behavior"带有某种含义的词可使我们反应的方式不同于我们通常人道主义行为方式.换言之,人们使用的词语影响他们的行为.故选B.
57.D.细节理解题.根据第三段中"when a payer meets an opponent,he or she tend to treat that opponent as an enemy."在比赛中运动员往往把对手视为敌人.故可知选D.
58.D.细节理解题.根据第三段第六行"The player proceeded to rub his glove across his wet T-shirt"选手继续在湿的T恤上擦拭他的手套,可知选D.
59.C.主旨大意题.根据第四段最后一句"It certainly gives proof of a court attitude which departs from nomal behavior",当前球场形式是:球场态度背离正常行为.故选项C"改变运动员在运动赛场上的态度"是解决途径.故选C.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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6.Women make better drivers than men for many reasons.Why is that,do you suppose?Wouldn't you think that competing at who has better driving abilities is pointless?If you ask me,I'd like to say,men know that women are better drivers but do not have the courage to admit the truth-women are queens of the road.
Unlike men,women stop for directions when they have no idea as to where they are going.We don't drive around for hours pointlessly wasting a tank of gas only to find ourselves heading in the wrong direction.Have you ever be in a car with a man who is lost?He tells you to shut up when you begin to open your mouth.And every five minutes or so he takes a turn going forty-five miles per hour only to find out he's made another wrong turn.
Speeding is what men do best on the road.Traffic is not a race.There is a reason why men get more speeding tickets than women.Not because we trick to get out of tickets but only because we don't get pulled over as frequently.We don't speed.We have more intelligence than senselessly to put our own lives as well as the lives of others in danger.
My largest issue with male drivers is how a majority of them drive with one hand on the wheel and the other hand doing only God knows what.The seat is backed as far as possible,and they're totally lost into loud music beyond a necessary level.You don't ever see women driving like that.
I feel that the above evidence more than proves my points that women are not only better drivers but also safer drivers than men.We women rule the road.Oh,and men,if you want to continue criticizing (批评) women for being bad drivers,bring it on.We know you lack confidence,or else you wouldn't be wasting your valuable time making jokes about the ones you may choose to spend the rest of your days with.
66.If a woman driver feels lost,she willD.
A.tell the man next to her to shut up         
B.drive aimlessly for hours without stopping
C.take the wrong turns at a high speed        
D.stop the car and ask people for help
67.In Paragraph 3,the writer tries to tell us thatA.
A.women drivers have more responsibility for lives
B.women drivers often play tricks on the police in charge
C.men drivers are more confident and skillful in driving
D.men drivers usually have to be pulled over to the roadsides
68.According to the passage,what does the writer worry most about men drivers?C
A.not stopping for directions             
B.making jokes about women
C.not paying full attention                   
D.getting more speeding tickets
69.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?C

70.What's the main topic of the passage?C
A.Why are women good at driving?
B.Why do men have better driving abilities?
C.Why are women better drivers than men?
D.Why should women be respected?
4.Speaking at a forum on student achievement last night,Professor Stephen Dinham,Chair of Teacher Education at the University of Melbourne's Graduate School of Education,said attempts to improve student self-esteem(自尊) in unreal ways,such as avoiding criticism and handing out unearned praise,are failing some of our most vulnerable (脆弱的) students.
"We know self-esteem does influence student achievement but,unfortunately,some schools attempt to do this in unreal ways,such as avoiding negative criticism and providing only‘positive reinforcement'.If we over-inflate(过分吹捧) student self-esteem in this manner,they will struggle when they get out into the wide world,"he told the audience at last night's University of Melbourne alumni event.
Professor Dinham pointed out schools focusing too much on"welfare",particularly in low socioeconomic areas,create a low expectations model that leads students to low achievement.However,schools focusing too much on the"academic"at the expense of the personal are getting it wrong,too.
"The‘welfare'and the‘academic'approaches are both wrong.What research shows is that the best teachers and schools,including those in disadvantaged areas,have a balanced focus on every student as a learner and a person.We can actually build up student self-esteem by ensuring every student feels they are achieving success and making progress.We do this by providing meaningful feedback(反馈)-which includes constructive criticism."
According to Professor Dinham,a fundamental mistake was made in the 1960s when,in line with wider social changes,schools rightly became more responsive to students as individuals.Mistakenly,being responsive to students was interpreted as also being less demanding and many schools therefore became more permissive.
The best teaching style is one where high responsiveness to individual student needs is combined with demands for students to achieve their best academically and conform to (符合,使…一致) acceptable standards of behavior.Real achievement is the best way to boost self-esteem,which can then lead to further success,he said.

67.We improve a student self-esteem in unreal ways if weC.
A.give him praise now and then
B.don't provide meaningful feedback
C.don't give them the necessary criticism
D.focus too much on his academic performance
68.If we avoid negative criticism and provide only"positive reinforcement",a student willB.
A.fail the school                   
B.have problems in the real world
C.become more confident in himself 
D.make good progress in academics
69.What Kind of mistake was made in the 1960s?B
A.The school was too strict with the students
B.The school became less demanding of the students
C.The students were given too much permissive remarks
D.The students were too much influenced by social changes
70.Which of the following is the best way to improve students'self-esteem?D
A.Responding to individual student needs
B.Making students acquire right behaviors
C.Giving them encouragement and praise
D.Having them make real achieveement.
11.Ugly was the cat in our department,He had only one eye.He-was also missing his ear on the same side and his tail has long ago been lost,leaving only the smallest stub(尾根).
Every time someone  saw Ugly there was  the same reaction."That's  one UGLY cat!"All the children were warned not to touch him.The adults threw rocks at him when he tried to come in their home.Ugly always had the same reaction-he would stand there until you gave up and quit.If you threw things at him,he would curl his lanky(瘦长的) body around feet in forgiveness.But if you ever picked him up,he would immediately begin sucking on your shirt,earring whatever he could find.
One day Ugly shared his love with the neighbor's huskies (a kind of dog).They did not respond kindly,and Ugly was badly injured.By the time I got to where he was lying,it was apparent Ugly's sad life was almost at an end.
Ugly lay in a wet circle and I could feel him struggling.Then l felt a familiar sucking sensation on my ear.Ugly,in so much pain,suffering and obviously dying,was trying to suck my ear.I pulled him closer to me,and he turned his one golden eye towards me.
At that moment I thought Ugly was the most beautiful,loving creature I had ever seen.Never once did he try to bite or scratch me,or even try to get away from me,or struggle in any way.Ugly just looked up at me completely trusting in me to relieve his pain.
Ugly died in my arms but I sat and held him thinking about how one ugly little thing could so change my opinion about what it means to have true pureness of spirit,to love so totally and truly.He had been hurt on the outside,but I was hurt on the inside,and it was time for me to move on and learn to love truly and deeply.
Many people want to be richer,more successful,well liked,beautiful,but for me,I will always try to be Ugly.

51.What would people usually do to Ugly?C
A.Treat him like their own pet.
B.Smile at him because of his appearance.
C.Avoid him because be was ugly.
D.Pick him up and show kindness.
52.What happened to Ugly one day?D
A.He was hit by rocks.
B.He curled his lanky leg,
C.He made friends with huskies.
D.He was badly hurt by dogs.
53.Why did the writer think Ugly was beautiful and loving?B
A.He was suffering and pitiful.
B.He showed his love despite his pain.
C.He was always loved by the writer.
D.He used to bite people but got forgiveness.
54.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?D
A.The writer wants to be ugly.
B.The writer preferred pets with scars
C.The writer got.sense of pride from helping the cat.
D.The writer rethought the meaning of love and care.
55.What can we learn from the story?B
A.Better late than never.
B.Never judge from appearance.
C.Hardship can be treasure in life.
D.Curiosity killed the cat.
1.Each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer learning gap.Some call it the summer learning setback.Simply speaking,it means the longer kids are out of school,the more they forget.The only thing they might gain is weight.
Most American schools follow a traditional nine-month calendar.Students get winter and spring breaks and about ten weeks of summer vacation.Some schools follow a year-round calendar.They hold classes for about eight weeks at a time,with a few weeks off in between.The National Association for Year-Round Education says there were fewer than three thousand such schools at last count.They were spread among forty-six of the fifty states.
But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school.Lead researcher Paul von Hippel said,"Year-round schools don't really solve the problem of the summer learning setback.They simply spread it out across the year."
Across the country,research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students.Experts say this can be prevented.They note that many schools and local governments offer programs that can help.
But calling them"summer school"could be a problem.The director of the summer learning center at Johns Hopkins,Ron Fairchild,said research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore found that almost all strongly disliked the term summer school".In American culture,the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood.The parents welcomed other terms like"summer camp,""enrichment,""extra time"and"hands-on learning."
48.According to the first paragraph the summer learning gapD.
    A.helps children to gain weight   
    B.leads children to work harder
    C.improves children's memories   
    D.affects children's regular studies
49.Compared to traditional schools,students in the year-round onesC.
    A.perform better and have more learning gains
    B.have much less time for relaxation every year
    C.have generally the same number of class days
    D.hold more classes with more free weeks off
50.Which of the following statements is true?A
    A.Students from poor families often fall behind after the vacation.
    B.Year-round schools can solve the problem of the learning gap.
    C.There are schools in each state following a year-round calendar.
    D.Nothing can help the students who fall behind after the vocation.
51.Why did almost all parents dislike the term"summer school"?A
    A.They cherish the children's rights of freedom very much.
    B.They are worried about the quality of the"summer school".
    C.They want their children to be forced to make up the gap.
    D.They can't afford to the further study during vacation.
52.What would be the best title of this passage?D
    A.Opening Summer Camps
    B.Forbidding Summer Schools
    C.Spreading Year-Round Education
    D.Minding the Summer Learning Cap.
8.Everyone needs friends.We all like to feel close to someone.It is nice to have a friend to talk,laugh and do things with.Surely,there are times when we need to be alone.We don't always want people around.But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.
No two people are the same.Sometimes friends don't get along well,which doesn't mean that they no longer like each other.Most of the time they will go on being friends.Sometimes friends move away,then we feel very sad.We miss them much,but we can call them and write to them.Maybe we would never see them again,and we can make new friends.It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.Families sometimes name their children after a close friend.Many places are named after men and women,if they are friendly to people in a town.Some libraries are named this way.So are some schools.We think of these people when we go to these places.
There's more good news for people,if they have friends.These people live longer than those people if those don't have friends.Why?It could be that they are happier.Being happy helps you stay well.Or it could be just knowing that someone cares,if someone cares about you,you will take better care of yourself.
59.The first paragraph tells usC.
A.none needs friends    
B.we always need friends around us
C.making friends is the need in people's life   
D.we need to be alone
60.If people have friends,they would live longer,becauseD.
A.they feel happier and healthier
B.they get a lot of help from their friends
C.they take better care of themselves    
D.both A and C
61.This passage tells usB.
A.that people are all friends            
B.that people need friends
C.how to get to know friends         
D.how to name a place.
5.American society is not nap(午睡)friendly.In fact,says David Dinges,a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine."There's even a ban against admitting we need sleep."Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work.A proverb says:"Some sleep five hours,nature requires seven,laziness nine and wickedness(邪恶) eleven."
Wrong!The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them."We have to totally change our attitude toward napping,"says Dr William Dement of Stanford University,the godfather of sleep research.
Last year a national commission(委员会) led by Dement put forward an "American sleep debt" which one member said was as important as the national debt.The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness:people causing industrial accidents of falling asleep while working.This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House.According to recent reports,our President is trying to take a half-hour nap every afternoon.
About 60percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity.We seem to have"a mid-afternoon quiet state",or"a secondary sleep gate".Sleeping 15minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed.Clearly,we were born to nap.
We Superstars of Napping don't nap just to make up for the lost sleep after a night shift(夜班).Rather,we take it,whenever,wherever and at whatever time we feel like it.I myself have napped in buses,cars,planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries,offices and museums.
56.It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep isA.
A.unreasonable B.unfit      C.harmful      D.unfriendly
57.The research done by the Dement commission shows thatC.
A.Americans who sleep too much usually get into debts
B.the commission blamed the national debts on people's sleep
C.not enough sleep is no good for Americans and their country
D.napping at work has caused America many industrial and traffic accidents
58.The writer writes this passage in order toD.
A.warn us of the risks of napping
B.show us the dangers of sleeplessness
C.introduce a national commission on sleepiness in America
D.convince the readers of the necessity of napping
59.From the passage,we can learn that"American sleep debt"is the result ofA.
A.the wrong attitude the Americans traditionally hold toward sleep
B.the sleep policy made by the American government
C.the rapid development of American industry
D.the Americans'worry about the dangers of sleepiness
60.The last paragraph tells us that it isD.
A.preferable to have a sound sleep after a night shift
B.good practice not to nap at work
C.essential to make up for lost sleep
D.natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it.

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