题目内容

【题目】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

With the spread of the novel coronavirus(冠状病毒), more and more employers are asking their employees to work 1 (remote). But for workers with physical disabilities and chronical(难以治愈的) illnesses, remote work isn’t 2 foreign concept. Now these workers suggest that businesses3 (recognize) the benefits of telework and try hard to make it available.

Patrick Cokley, who works for a managed care company in Washington, D.C., and has low vision, encourages employers 4 (rethink) telework as a tool anyone can use and to put planning into it. He believes 5 employers successfully make remote work happen, workers with autoimmune disorders or chronic pain, who might not typically be seen as disabled, will take a(an) 6(active)part in their work than ever before.

Taryn Williams, the managing 7 (direct) of the Poverty to Prosperity program once recommended the Job Accommodation Network to employers, which until now 8 (adapt) to answer a lot of questions managers have, such as how to measure performance. To employees Patrick hotly said, “When dealing with remote work, you need to set yourself some long-term 9 (goal), you need to keep up on deliverables(应交付的产品), and you need a way 10 interacting with supervisors. “

【答案】

1remotely

2a

3recognize/should recognize

4to rethink

5if/when

6more active

7director

8has been adapted

9goals

10of

【解析】

这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了因为疫情的发生,远程办公发挥了重要作用,但是即便没有疫情,这种办公方式也为某些身体不好的人带来了好处。

1

考查副词。句意:随着新型冠状病毒的传播,越来越多的雇主要求雇员远程工作。此处修饰动词work,应该使用副词,remote的副词是remotely。故填remotely

2

考查不定冠词。句意:但是对于有肢体残疾和慢性病的员工来说,远程工作并不是一个陌生的概念。此处泛指“一个陌生的概念”,应用不定冠词,又因为foreign是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a

3

考查谓语动词的形式。句意:现在,这些员工建议企业应该认识到远程办公的好处,并努力使其为人所用。根据主句的suggest(建议)可知,从句中谓语动词应该使用“should do”的形式, 其中should可省略。故填recognize/should recognize

4

考查动词不定式。句意:Patrick Cokley在华盛顿特区的一家管理式护理公司工作,而且视力低下,他鼓励雇主重新考虑远程办公作为任何人都可以使用的工具,并制定实施计划。固定短语encourage sb to do:鼓励某人做某事。故填to rethink

5

考查状语从句引导词。句意:他认为如果(当)企业老板成功地将远程工作付诸于现实时,那么患有自身免疫性疾病或慢性疼痛(通常不被视为残疾)的工人将比以往任何时候都更加积极地参与工作。分析句子结构可知,空格处需要填入状语从句的引导词,使用if引导条件状语从句或者when引导时间状语从句都能满足句意的需要。故填if/when

6

考查形容词比较级。句意:他认为如果企业老板成功地将远程工作付诸于现实,那么患有自身免疫性疾病或慢性疼痛(通常不被视为残疾)的工人将比以往任何时候都更加积极地参与工作。根据“than ever before”可知,此处使用active的比较级。故填more active

7

考查名词。句意:Taryn Williams是“扶贫致富”项目的执行董事,他曾经向雇主推荐了“工作住宿网络”,该网络到现在为止已经经过改编,可以回答经理们的许多问题,例如如何衡量绩效。分析句子结构,此处为主语Taryn Williams 的同位语,Taryn Williams为该项目的负责人,因此使用direct的一个表示人的名词director。故填director

8

考查时态和语态。句意:Taryn Williams是“扶贫致富”项目的执行董事,他曾经向雇主推荐了“工作住宿网络”,该网络到现在为止已经经过改编,可以回答经理们的许多问题,例如如何衡量绩效。分析句子结构可知,空处为从句的谓语动词,又与从句的关系词which指代的 the Job Accommodation Network”构成被动关系,又根据“until now”可知,此处应用现在完成时,再考虑主谓一致原则。故填 has been adapted

9

考查可数名词的复数形式。句意:Patrick对员工热情地说:“在处理远程工作时,你需要设定一些长期目标,需要按时交付产品”。goal作“目标”之意,为可数名词,前有some,因此应该使用goal的复数形式。故填goals

10

考查介词。句意:并且你需要一种方式与主管互动。the way of doing /the way to do:做某事的方法,属于固定用法。空后是interacting,因此需要填入of。故填of

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【题目】Research shows that humans switch from selfish to unselfish behavior when they are watched. Do you?

A picture of a set of eyes on a computer screen can cause a change in the way people act. Even images of eyes on a charity do-nation, a collection box encourages people to be unselfish, because people put more money in a collection box that has a picture of eyes on it than they do when a flower symbol is on the box.

Manfred Milinski from the Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology in Germany and Bettina Rockenbach of the University of Berlin, the authors of a new study, found that people act better when they are being watched be-cause they feel they will be rewarded for good behavior. Their report also referred to other research showing that this response of behaving well when watched is somehow coded into humans and people respond this way unconsciously, or without realizing it.

It is not just humans that act unselfishly when they are being watched. A fish called the grooming fish cleans other fish. When other fish are around, it is gentler. When no other fish are around, however, the grooming fish bites chunks from the fish it is supposed to be cleaning.

The researchers suggest that the best way to get people to be-have in the correct way is to make them feel watched. This could be the reason for the success of a famous American army poster. On it was a icture of an elderly man staring fiercely and pointing, it appeared, to the person who was looking at the poster. Under the picture was the caption " I Want You. " It encouraged hundreds of thou-sands of young American men to join the army during the Second World War to fight the Germans and Japanese.

【1】 According to the report, why does a person behave better when he feels he is being watched?

A. He does not want to be shamed by others.

B. He needs to show he is a good person.

C. He desires others to like him more.

D. He feels he will receive some social reward.

【2】 The underlined word "coded (Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to _________.

A. hidden B. programmed

C. forgotten D. leaned

【3】 What is the text mainly about?

A. It describes changed behavior when observed.

B. It details ways to control people's behavior.

C. It tells how to make people work harder.

D. It discusses different advertising methods.

【4】 According to the text, which of the following statements is true?

A. People pretend to behave better when they are watched.

B. Fish bite other fish in a fish tank when they are alone.

C. People donate more money when they feel they are watched.

D. Soldiers fought better during World War II because of a poster.

【5】 Where would the study described in the text most likely be found?

A. In a newspaper. B. In a scientific journal.

C. In an advertising magazine. D. In a science textbook.

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