题目内容

1.If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life,new research may come as a shock.According to a recent scientific study,people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.
Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000joggers and non-joggers for 12years.The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die.The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5miles per hour.The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7mph die at the same rate as non-joggers.The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).Over time,this can cause serious injuries.
Peter Schnohr,a researcher in Copenhagen,said,"If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy,jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy.Anything more is not just unnecessary,and it may be harmful."
The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi,yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than"iron man"events,triathlons and long-distance running and cycling.According to Jacob Louis Marott,another researcher involved in the study,"You don't actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health.And perhaps you shouldn't actually do too much".
32.The underlined word"strenuous"in Paragraph l is closest in meaning to"A".
A.hard    
B.regular
C.practical 
D.flexible
33.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2toC.
A.suggest giving up jogging
B.show risks of doing sports
C.provide supportive evidence
D.introduce the research process
34.According to the scientists,why is too much exercise harmful?A
A.It may injure the heart and arteries.
B.It can make the body tired out.
C.It will bring much pressure.
D.It consumes too much energy.
35.What can be inferred from the text?D
A.No exercise at all is the best choice.
B.More exercise means a healthier life.
C.Marathons runners are least likely to die.
D.Proper exercise contributes to good health.

分析 短文讲述了运动与健康的关系.研究表明,过量的运动和不做运动一样,都对身体不益,过量运动会伤及一个人的心脏和动脉,只有适当的运动才有益于身体健康.像太极,瑜伽之类的温和的运动方式会比三项全能,马拉松长跑等高强度的运动方式更适合人体的健康.

解答 32.A 词义猜测题  hard 耗费体力的;regular 有规律的;practical 实际的;flexible 灵活的.根据文中people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.可知do a very strenuous workout和 do no exercise 是相对的,所以应该选A.
33.C 推理判断题  第二段列举一些数字是为了证明第一段最后一句的people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.所以这些数字是为第一段中讲到的事实提供依据的,故选C.
34.A 细节理解题   由第二段中The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉)可知,过量的运动有害可能是因为它伤害心脏和动脉,所以应该选A.
35.D 推理判断题   根据第三段的意思,过多的和过少的运动都对身体不益,只有适当的运动才有益于身体健康,所以答案选B.

点评 本文讲述了运动与健康的关系,题目涉及到词义推测,细节理解,判断推理等方面,做题时要有针对性地找出有关语句进行分析,在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析,找出答案.

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12.For years,there has been a bias (偏见) against science among clinical psychologists (临床心理学家).In a two-year analysis to be published in November in Perspectives on Psychological Science,psychologists led by Timothy B.Baker of the University of Wisconsin charge that many clinical psychologists fail to"provide the treatments for which there is the strongest evidence of effectiveness"and"give more weight to their personal experiences than to science."As a result,patients have no guarantee that their"treatment will be informed by …science."Walter Mischel of Columbia University is even crueler in his judgment."The disconnect between what clinical psychologists do and what science has discovered is an extreme embarrassment,"he told me,and"there is a widening gap between clinical practice and science."
The"widening"reflects the great progress that psychological research has made in identifying (确认) the most effective treatments.Thanks to strict clinical trials,we now know that teaching patients to think about their thoughts in new,healthier ways and to act on those new ways of thinking are effective against depression,panic disorder and other problems,with multiple trials showing that these treatments-the tools of psychology-bring more lasting benefits than drugs.
You wouldn't know this if you sought help from a typical clinical psychologist.Although many treatments are effective,relatively few psychologists learn or practice them.
Why in the world not?For one thing,says Baker,clinical psychologists are"very doubtful about the role of science"and"lack solid science training".Also,one third of patients get better no matter what treatment (if any) they have,"and psychologists remember these successes,believing,wrongly,that they are the result of the treatment."
When faced with evidence that treatments they offer are not supported by science,clinical psychologists argue that they know better than some study what works.A 2008study of 591psychologists in private practice found that they rely more on their own and colleagues'experience than on science when deciding how to treat a patient.If they keep on this path as insurance companies demand evidence-based medicine,warns Mischel,psychology will"discredit (损伤名誉)itself."
(Note:Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12WORDS)

78.Clinical psychologists can't explain the effectiveness of their treatment mainly because they rely ontheir personal experience.
79.What has widened the gap between clinical practice and science?The great progress in psychological research
80.According to Baker,what are the reasons that prevent clinical psychologists from learning or practicing effective treatment?Their doubt about the role of science and inadequate science training
81.To avoid discrediting psychology,clinical psychologists need tosupport their treatment with science.
9.As the pace of life continues to increase,we are fast losing the art of relaxation.Once you are in the habit of rushing through life,being on the go from morning till night,it is hard to slow down.But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.
Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it.In fact,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be.A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life.It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.
The amount of stress a person can withstand (经得起) depends very much on the individual.Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities.Others lose heart at the first sight of unusual difficulties.When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically.In fact we make a choice between"fight"or"flight"and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death.The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response.It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.

31.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves becauseA.
A.they are becoming busier with their work
B.they do not believe that relaxation is important for health
C.they are traveling fast all the time
D.they do not know how to enjoy themselves
32.According to the writer,the most important character for a good manager is hisD.
A.having control over performance      
B.knowing the art of relaxation
C.high sense of responsibility          
D.not fearing stress
33.Which of the following statements is true?B
A.We can find some ways to avoid stress.
B.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress.
C.It is easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work.
D.Stress is always harmful to people.
34.In Paragraph 3,"such a reaction"refers back toC.
A.making a choice between‘flight'or‘fight'
B.responding to crises quickly
C.reaction to stress both chemically and physically
D.losing heart at the sight of difficulties
35.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so"refers toD.
A.expose ourselves to stress
B.find ways to deal with stress
C.established links between diseases and stress
D.remove stress from our lives.
16.Danish scientists studied more than 1,000healthy joggers and non-joggers over a 12-year period.Those who jogged at a steady pace for less than two and a half hours a week were least likely to die in this time.But those who ran more than four hours a week or did no exercise had the highest death rates.
Analysing questionnaires filled out by all the people in the study,scientists concluded the ideal pace was about 8km/h and that it was best to jog no more than three times a week or for 2.5hours in total.People who jogged more closely-particularly those who jogged more than three times a week or at a pace of more than11km/h-were as likely to die as those who did no exercise.
Researcher Jacob Louis Marott,from the Frederiksberg Hospital in Copenhagen,said:"You don't actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health."
"And perhaps you shouldn't actually do too much.No exercise recommendations across the world mention an upper limit for safe exercise,but perhaps there is one."
Scientists are not yet sure what is behind this trend-but they say changes to the heart during extreme exercise could contribute.In their report,they suggest:"Long-term strenuous exercise may change pathological (病理的) structure of the heart and arteries (动脉)."
Maureen Talbot,senior cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation,said:"This study shows that you don't have to run marathons to keep your heart healthy."
"Light and moderate jogging was found to be more beneficial than being inactive or undertaking strenuous jogging,possibly adding years to your life."
"National guidelines recommend we do 140minutes of moderate-intensity activity a week."
"If it may sound like a lot for you,brisk walking (快走) is also a good exercise.And if you're bit of a couch potato,this is a good place to start.

61.From paragraph one,we could knowC.
A.the study took 10years
B.more than 1000joggers took part in the study
C.people with no exercise had the highest death rates
D.joggers and non-joggers are likely to die
62.How should we jog properly from the study?A
A.Jog at a pace of about 8km/h no more than three times a week.
B.Jog at a pace of about 11km/h for 2.5hours in total in a week.
C.Jog at a pace of about 11km/h more than three times a week.
D.Jog at a pace of about 8km/h for 2.5hours a day.
63.The underlined word"strenuous"meansB.
A.light           
B.strong          
C.enough           
D.frequent
64.According to the passage,which of the following is Not True?B
A.There isn't an upper limit for safe exercise across the world now.
B.Running marathons helps keep your heart healthy.
C.Light and moderate jogging may help people live longer.
D.The moderate-intensity activity time in a week could be about 140minutes.
65.What is the main idea of the passage?D
A.Jogging everyday is good to health.
B.Brisk walking is better than jogging.
C.Jogging is not a good activity for people who suffer heart diseases.
D.Jogging too much is no better than doing no exercise.
6.The Green movement is catching on in many parts of the world.This is especially true in the construction industry.Today's buzz words,which include global warming and zero emissions,are causing people to look for ways to reduce their carbon footprints.Purchasing houses that are environmentally responsible is a good investment for those who are concerned about their own health and the well-being of the earth.Based on this trend,entire districts,known as eco-communities,are being designed with green initiatives in mind.Dockside Green in Victoria,British Columbia,Canada,is one of these communities.Its goal is to become the world's first zero emissions neighborhood.
    If everything goes according to plan,Dockside Green will be a self sufficient community along the harbor front of British Columbia's capital city.The community will be home to 2,500 people and will consist of residential,office,and retail space.The plans describe a variety of environmental features,some of which are unprecedented.
    Builders of Dockside Green have the environment in mind with every choice they make.They ensure proper ventilation,and guarantee residents 100% fresh indoor air.Building materials,such as paints and wood,are natural and non-toxic.Eco-conscious builders use bamboo wherever possible because it can last for a long time without breaking and does not require pesticides to grow.
    Energy efficiency is one of the top priorities in Dockside Green.Not only do energy efficient appliances and light fixtures reduce the environmental impact of heating and hot water,they also save residents and business owners money.Dockside Green claims that home owners will use 55% less energy than average residents in Canada.Though they are sharing space in the apartment building,residents will have individual utility meters(公用事业电表).Studies show that people use approximately one fifth less energy when they are billed for exactly what they use.In addition,water is treated at Dockside Green and reused for flushing toilets.
Planners of eco-communities such as Dockside Green must take the future into account.Dockside Green plans on reusing 90% of its construction waste.They also plan to continue using local suppliers for all of their transport and maintenance needs.This is a great way to reduce emissions.Dockside residents will be encouraged to make use of a mini transit system and buy into the community's car share program.Finally,plans are under way for a high-tech heating system that will use renewable biomass instead of fossil fuels.

63.What might be the best title for this passage?D
A.A common city in Canada  
B.A zero-emission building 
C.An environmental charity    
D.A future green community-Dockside Green 
64.The"buzz words"in paragraph 1 probably refer to the words.B
A.related to construction               
B.popular among people  
C.difficult to pronounce                
D.used by environmentalists
65.Why is bamboo an environmentally friendly choice for builders?D
A.It keeps pests out of the house.
B.It is very cheap.
C.It provides fresh air.
D.It is strong and easy to grow.
66.What major issue does Dockside Green hope to address in the future?A
A.Fossil fuel alternatives.
B.Stopping water pollution.
C.Traffic jams.
D.Advocating eco-friendly house.
13.With the crazy smog going on in China,businessmen are now ready to grope for your wallet."Smog economy"is stimulating a shopping spree on certain products against the terrible weather.Now let's see what we have on the list to help us through the crisis.
1.Masks
Well,I would say you had better stay indoors to save your lives.PM 2.5 just surged up to 750 in Beijing recently.3M just sold 220,000 masks of a kind.No.1 best-selling products!
2.Air purifiers
This kind of products is rarely seen in Chinese households in the past.They have become a necessity now.I do like these little gadgets,but they are just too expensive.
3.Oxygen inhalers
I didn't realize oxygen inhalers also get a cut in the smog economy.As a matter of fact,your oxygen uptake has nothing to with relieving (减轻) the impact of smog.It might even lead to oxygen poisoning when you inhale too much oxygen.So don't get greedy.
4.Salt lamps
Compared to oxygen inhalers,salt lamps are even worse.Some stores are selling the products at several hundred yuan,saying that they can release negative ions(离子),reduce radiation levels and purify the air.The lamps mainly contain sodium chloride.The boiling point of sodium is about 800 degrees centigrade and that of candle is 500.So how on earth can negative ions be released at only 500 degrees?
5.Plants that absorb smog
Yeah,right.Plants Vs Smog.It is scientifically justified (证明) that some plants do absorb pollutants from the air.Money plants and calla lilies are among the best-sellers in the market.Even if they don't work,it's good to have some plants in the house anyway.

43.According to the passage,smogA.
A.give some economic chances to businessmen
B.is very bad to economy
C.makes some crisis come out
D.have nothing to do with the economy
44.What is the meaning of the underlined word?D
A.Giving up shopping
B.Feeling down in shopping.
C.Having a lot to buy
D.Buying something enthusiastically.
45.Salt lamps are useless,becauseB.
A.it may cause poisoning
B.it actually can't release the negative ions
C.it reduces radiation level and makes the air dirty
D.the prize is very high
46.How many ways does the author think are useful?B
A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.
10.Experts from nearly 200 countries have spent the past two weeks in Warsaw,Poland.More than 9,000 representatives gathered for a United Nations conference on climate change.Organizers called the meeting to work toward a treaty(条约)to fight rising temperatures on our planet.The treaty would be signed in 2015 and take effect after 2020.
    In the United States,the Environmental Protection Agency is leading government efforts to fight climate change.The agency just ended a series of public hearings across the country.The EPA was seeking comments as it considers tightening clean air rules for coal burning power plants.
    David Doniger is a climate policy expert.He says it is the duty of the EPA to control carbon as a pollutant.He wants the agency to establish new rules that would move the United States toward a cleaner energy environment.
"No one is coming up with standards that would knock out all those power plants.We're   talking about a shift from the dirtier ones to the cleaner ones,and from all those fossil fuel-powered ones towards renewable and even nuclear sources of energy."
    He says the government is responsible for protecting clean air,not protecting old and dirty  power stations.He says,"That's the only way that we can continue to have the way of life we want without running into the wall on climate change impacts,which in turn will destroy the quality of life we have."
    The EPA is now considering comments from the nationwide hearings.The agency plans to announce proposed rule changes in June.
60.The United Nations conference was held toA
A.gather opinions from the representatives     
B.make plans for nearly 200 countries
C.deal with the warming climate                
D.call for protection of wildlife
61.What action will the EPA take to fight climate change?B
A.Make more strict rules to limit coal power plants.
B.Develop more nuclear sources of energy.
C.Accept the opinions of the Americans.
D.Close those power plants which pollute the air most.
62.The underlined phrase"knock out"in Paragraph 4 has the same meaning asC.
    A.blow up          B.shut down       C.break up          D.move away
63.Who is responsible for the protection of the clean air in David Doniger's opinion?C
A.The public
B.The EPA.
C.The government
D.The United Nations.
64.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the EPAA
A.values public opinions greatly              
B.ignores the public comments
C.will cancel the former laws             
D.will announce the list of dirty plants.
3.Anxiety is your mental watchman. Its fixed pattern is to search for what may be about to go wrong.it continually,and without your conscious permission,scans your life,even when you are asleep,in dreams and nightmares.(71)BWhen it finds one,it worries it.
Along with depression and anger,anxiety is one of the bad faces of worries(72)DControlled by anxiety,you will feel a lack of security and confidence. When anxiety is severe and pained,it can be a sign of a disorder,such as panic or terror.
Although anxiety seems to have a biological basis,it is habit-forming for many of us. Some of our anxious feelings are in fact wasted energy. Anxiety has gotten out of hand when it is pointless and repeated. When you are faced with a problem at work,before taking a test,or making an important decision,you will feel anxious. When you are controlled by anxiety,you are unable to control your emotions(情感) to the point of it changing your daily routine and habits.(73)GOr you find you are usually anxious at work or around your family.
At times,you should listen to the message of your negative emotions,as uncomfortable as they may be,and change your outward life rather than your emotional life.(74)FIf you are worried about the dangers of your brother's new hobby,sky diving,perhaps you ought to tell him so. Taking action may relieve your anxiety.(75)EBy learning to stop always seeking guarantee,not only can you start to undo the automatic cycle of anxiety,but also you learn that you can manage just fine without the need for constant guarantee. This in turn creates a sense of self-confidence and self-respect,which is vital to overcome anxiety.

A. For these people,saying NO to others is often of much anxiety.
B.It reviews your work,your love,your play,until it finds an imperfection.
C. Comparing anxiety with depression helps to discuss possible cures for anxiety.
D. These three common emotions are considered the cause of most mental illnesses.
E.If that doesn't work,then it's time to deal with any automatic thoughts in yourself.
F. If you are anxious about the work,you might get to the office an hour earlier every day.
G. You find yourself waking up anxious,going through the day anxious and going to bed anxious.

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