题目内容

6．The Green movement is catching on in many parts of the world．This is especially true in the construction industry．Today's buzz words，which include global warming and zero emissions，are causing people to look for ways to reduce their carbon footprints．Purchasing houses that are environmentally responsible is a good investment for those who are concerned about their own health and the well-being of the earth．Based on this trend，entire districts，known as eco-communities，are being designed with green initiatives in mind．Dockside Green in Victoria，British Columbia，Canada，is one of these communities．Its goal is to become the world's first zero emissions neighborhood．
    If everything goes according to plan，Dockside Green will be a self sufficient community along the harbor front of British Columbia's capital city．The community will be home to 2，500 people and will consist of residential，office，and retail space．The plans describe a variety of environmental features，some of which are unprecedented．
    Builders of Dockside Green have the environment in mind with every choice they make．They ensure proper ventilation，and guarantee residents 100% fresh indoor air．Building materials，such as paints and wood，are natural and non-toxic．Eco-conscious builders use bamboo wherever possible because it can last for a long time without breaking and does not require pesticides to grow．
    Energy efficiency is one of the top priorities in Dockside Green．Not only do energy efficient appliances and light fixtures reduce the environmental impact of heating and hot water，they also save residents and business owners money．Dockside Green claims that home owners will use 55% less energy than average residents in Canada．Though they are sharing space in the apartment building，residents will have individual utility meters（公用事业电表）．Studies show that people use approximately one fifth less energy when they are billed for exactly what they use．In addition，water is treated at Dockside Green and reused for flushing toilets．
Planners of eco-communities such as Dockside Green must take the future into account．Dockside Green plans on reusing 90% of its construction waste．They also plan to continue using local suppliers for all of their transport and maintenance needs．This is a great way to reduce emissions．Dockside residents will be encouraged to make use of a mini transit system and buy into the community's car share program．Finally，plans are under way for a high-tech heating system that will use renewable biomass instead of fossil fuels．

63．What might be the best title for this passage？D
A．A common city in Canada  
B．A zero-emission building 
C．An environmental charity    
D．A future green community-Dockside Green 
64．The"buzz words"in paragraph 1 probably refer to the words．B
A．related to construction               
B．popular among people  
C．difficult to pronounce                
D．used by environmentalists
65．Why is bamboo an environmentally friendly choice for builders？D
A．It keeps pests out of the house．
B．It is very cheap．
C．It provides fresh air．
D．It is strong and easy to grow．
66．What major issue does Dockside Green hope to address in the future？A
A．Fossil fuel alternatives．
B．Stopping water pollution．
C．Traffic jams．
D．Advocating eco-friendly house．

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了未来的绿色社区，绿色码头的设想，按计划，绿色码头将是一个自给自足的社区在不列颠哥伦比亚首都的港口前，它会采用环保的建筑材料，提高能源利用效率，同时减少排放；此外，他们正在计划一个高科技的加热系统，将利用可再生的生物质替代化石燃料．

解答 63．D．主旨大意题．通读全文，可知文章主要在讲未来的绿色社区，绿色码头的设想和优点；故选D．
64．B．词义推断题．根据第一段"which include global warming and zero emissions"，它包括了全球变暖和零排放，可推测那时流行语；故选B．
65．D．细节理解题，根据文章第三段"Eco-conscious builders use bamboo wherever possible because it can last for a long time without breaking and does not require pesticides to grow"，建设者尽可能多用竹子因为它可以维持很长时间不会破裂并且不需要农药种植；故选D．
66．A．细节理解题．根据最后一段"Finally，plans are under way for a high-tech heating system that will use renewable biomass instead of fossil fuels"，最后，正在计划一个高科技的加热系统，将利用可再生的生物质替代化石燃料；故选A．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

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9．Jack answered all the questions with ease，          a confident smile throughout the interview．（　　）
A．wearingB．withdrawingC．wideningD．weighing
17．If you know the following fact，you'll understand why many people suffer from foot problems．The average person walks the equivalent of three times around the Earth in a lifetime．That is enormous wear and tear on the 26 bones，33 joints and more than 100 muscles that make up the foot．
In a recent survey for the American Podiatric Medical Association，53 percent of respondents reported foot pain so severe that it affected their daily function．On average，people develop pain in their 60s，but it can start as early as the 20s and 30s．And usually women give care to their feet while men don't．"A lot of people think foot pain is part of the aging process and accept it，and  walk with pain，"said Dr Andrew Shapiro．Though some foot problems are inevitable，their progress can be slowed．The following questions will help you assess whether you should take more preventive action as you age．Do you have flat feet or hig harches（足弓）？Either puts feet a trisk．Shoes that support the arch and heel can help flat feet．People with high arches should look for roomy shoes and soft erpadding（衬垫）to absorb the shock．Proper exercises also strengthen muscles，supporting the foot．
Do your shoes fit？In the survey，more than 34 percent of men said they could not remember the last time their feet were measured.20 percent of women said that once a week they wore shoes that hurt，and 8 percent wore painful shoes daily．Feet flatten and lengthen with age，so if you still stick to the shoe size you wore at the age of 21，get your feet measured．Do you walk？Putting more mileage（里程）on your feet is the best way to exercise the muscles and keep them healthy．

43．The underlined phrase"wear and tear"in Paragraph 1 probably meansC．
A．a  surprising experience    
B．an unimaginable distance   
C．damage due to continuous use
D．a contribution to the feet
44．What do we know from the passageC？
A．The number of men and women who have foot problems is similar．  
B．Walking as little as possible can protect your feet from pain．    
C．More than half of there spondent shave serious foot problems．   
D.53% of people develop foot pain in their 60s．
45．Which of the following statements best explains foot painA？
A．Not all of it can be avoided．  
B．People can't slow its process．   
C．Walking more will stop foot pain．  
D．Preventive actions can't work well．
46．If your feet are 26cm long at 23，what is the probable length of your feet when you are 43？A
A.26.2cm   
B.25.2cm   
C.26cm   
D.25cm．
14．"Clean your plate!"and"Be a member of the clean-plate-club!"Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent．Often，it's accompanied by an appeal："Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!"Sure，we should be grateful for every bite of food．Unfortunately，many people in the US take too many bites．Instead of staying"clean the plate"，perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow．
According to news reports，US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies．A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer，with two to four times the amount recommended by the government，according to a USA Today story．Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that．They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little．
Barbara Rolls，a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University，told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s，the same time that the American waistline began to expand．
Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions．Now，apparently，some customers are calling for this too．The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57percent of more than 4，000people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that are too large； 23percent had no opinion； 20percent disagreed．But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions．Seventy percent of those earning at least 150，000peryearprefersmallerportions；butonly45percentofthoseearninglessthan25，000want smaller．
It's not that working class Americans don't want to eat healthy．It's just that，after long hours at low-paying jobs，getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal．They live from paycheck to paycheck，happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents．

36．Parents in the United States tend to ask their childrenD．
A．to save food．
B．to wash the dishes．
C．not to eat too much     
D．not to waste food．
37．Why do American restaurants serve large portions？B
A．Because Americans have big bellies．
B．Because Americans associate quantity with value．
C Because Americans are good eaters．
D．Because Americans are greedy．
38．What happened in the 1970s？C
A．The US government recommended the amount of food a restaurant gave to a customer．
B．Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions．
C．The American waistline started to expand．
D．The United States produced more grain than needed．
39．What does the survey indicate？B
A．Twenty percent Americans want smaller portions．
B．Many poor Americans want large portions．
C．Fifty seven percent Americans earn 150，000peryear．
D．TwentythreepercentAmericansearnlessthan25，000per year．
40．Which of the following is Not true of working class Americans？D
A．They work long hours．
B．They live from paycheck to paycheck．
C．They want to save money for their children         
D．They don't want to be healthy eaters．
1．If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may come as a shock．According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all．
Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000joggers and non-joggers for 12years．The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die．The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5miles per hour．The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7mph die at the same rate as non-joggers．The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries（动脉）．Over time，this can cause serious injuries．
Peter Schnohr，a researcher in Copenhagen，said，"If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy，jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy．Anything more is not just unnecessary，and it may be harmful．"
The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi，yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than"iron man"events，triathlons and long-distance running and cycling．According to Jacob Louis Marott，another researcher involved in the study，"You don't actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health．And perhaps you shouldn't actually do too much"．
32．The underlined word"strenuous"in Paragraph l is closest in meaning to"A"．
A．hard    
B．regular
C．practical 
D．flexible
33．The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2toC．
A．suggest giving up jogging
B．show risks of doing sports
C．provide supportive evidence
D．introduce the research process
34．According to the scientists，why is too much exercise harmful？A
A．It may injure the heart and arteries．
B．It can make the body tired out．
C．It will bring much pressure．
D．It consumes too much energy．
35．What can be inferred from the text？D
A．No exercise at all is the best choice．
B．More exercise means a healthier life．
C．Marathons runners are least likely to die．
D．Proper exercise contributes to good health．
11．What would you do to reduce the chance of dying of cancer？How far would you go if you had a 70to 90percent chance of contracting bowel--and your uncle，mother，father，and two of your brothers had died from it？
Lynne Fisher decided she would do almost anything．So，even though she showed no signs of cancer at all，Fisher，51，a former mental health worker，agreed to undergo what might sound like a radical surgery：doctors removed nearly her whole colon（结肠） and rerouted her small intestine（肠） to perform the functions of her large intestine．
The side effects were horrific，she said．For a year，Fisher struggled to control her bowel movements．She fought depression，and she hated her large scars and the 28staples that had been left in her body．Her Multiple Sclerosis returned．The woman she shared a hospital room with--who'd had a similar surgery--did not survive．
"When you're in it，it's like a dark tunnel，"she told ABC News in a long phone conversation about her medical history．
But then，one day，she realized the surgery had helped saved her life．And since then，she's never looked back．
"What's a year out of your life compared to dying？"  the 51-year-old said from her home in central England．"I get to watch my dogs grow up，my children grow up，my grandchild，I get to see my cherry blossoms in the tree，I get to see the sun shining in the morning，I get to go on holiday--I get to see life．"
Genes that cause breast cancer have been discussed widely for years．But less well known is Lynch syndrome，the gene mutation that Fisher and her much of her family inherited．
Roughly one in 370people has Lynch syndrome，according to Lynch Syndrome International，an organization dedicated to helping people with Lynch syndrome and those who treat them．It's unclear how many Americans choose to have the surgery that Fisher had：prophylactic subtotal colectomy，which doctors describe as a major surgery that，while elective，can often save lives．

36．Why did Lynne Fisher decide to remove nearly her whole colon？C
A．Because she has already had a cancer．
B．Because she thought the colon was useless．
C．Because she was afraid of dying of bowel cancer someday．
D．Because her doctor persuaded her to do that．
37．According to the passage，what is NOT true about the surgery undergone by Lynne Fisher？A
A．It is only a very simple and easy surgery．
B．It can bring about some terrible side effects．
C．It's possible for one to die of the surgery．
D．It takes one maybe a year to recover from the surgery．
38．What can we learn from the underlined sentence？C
A．Lynne Fisher really regretted what she had done．
B．Lynne Fisher thought it was not worth a year to have the surgery．
C．Compared to death，the suffering during the year was worthwhile．
D．Lynne Fisher spent a painful year in recovering from the surgery．
39．What can we learn from the last paragraph？A
A．About 0.27% people have Lynch syndrome now in America．
B．We can tell exactly how many people have had the surgery．
C．Lynch Syndrome International helps people with Lynch syndrome only．
D．People with Lynch syndrome will be forced to have the surgery．
40．The main purpose of the passage is toD．
A．persuade people with Lynch syndrome to have a surgery
B．introduce Lynne Fisher and the disease she developed
C．tell us something about the Lynch syndrome and its effect on our health
D．introduce Lynch syndrome to us and tell us that a surgery can save lives．
18．Many people say they can not start their day without first having a cup of coffee or tea．People say these drinks help them think clearly and feel more awake．This is because of  caffeine，a kind of matter found in some plants．Caffeine helps to give a jumpstart to the  nervous system．Now a new report says it may also improve long-term memory．
    Michael Yassa is a neurobiology professor at the University of California．He and other  researchers wanted to know if caffeine could improve what they called memory consolidation．They asked a group of individuals to learn something new，then the same people were given caffeine，the active component in coffee，tea and chocolate．
    He and the other researchers worked with a group of l60 people who were Caffeinefree．On the first day，all the subjects were shown pictures of everyday objects．They were asked to identify whether the pictures could be found inside the house or outdoors．Some of the subjects were then given a caffeine pill，the others were given a placebo-a pill containing an inactive thing．On the second day，all of the subjects were asked to look at more pictures．Some of the images were exactly like the ones they had seen 24 hours early．But other images were different．And a third group of pictures was similar to the first group but a little different．The participants had to decide whether the images they saw were the same or different from the ones on the first day．
    Professor Yassa says their answers help to show the effects of caffeine on memory．He  says those who took the caffeine pills had a ten to twelve percent increase in their ability to   remember the objects．The amount of caffeine the researchers used in the study was similar to  one strong cup of coffee．
    Professor Yassa says pills with a little more caffene also increased memory，but resulted  in some participants appearing more nervous．

61．From the passage，we can learn that caffeineD．
A．Can be found in every plant  
B．can improve people's health
C．is contained only in coffee    
D．can help people think clearly
62．What does Paragraph 3 mainly discuss？A
A．How MichaeI Yassa does his research．
B．Why Michael Yassa does the research．
C．What the result of Michael Yassa research is．   
D．How many people participate in the research．
63．Which of the following statements about the experiment is true？D
A．The participants must be addicted to coffee．
B．All the pictures seen on the second day were the same．
C．All the participants must drink coffee on the first day．
D．The participants saw three groups of pictures on the second day．
64．What does this text mainly tell us？C
A．Coffeeis essential for people's work．
B．Caffeine has negative effects on our health．
C．Caffeine may help better long-term memory．
D．Caffeine can lead to difficult sleeping and anxiety．
65．The author wrote the text in order toB．
A．forbid people to drink coffee
B．report a new research of coffee
C．attract readers to drink coffee
D．introduce the procedure of research．
15．Not very long ago，the question would have seemed absurd．Now it is on the lips of respected scientists； MPs（议员） are beginning to talk of"a war on sugar"，and even England's chief medical officer has said sugar may have to be，like the old enemy tobacco，taxed in order to protect the nation's health．
There came a time in the evolution of public attitudes to smoking，when the doctors had been shouting for long enough that the public was broadly aware of the risks and the only question left，for Government was：what should we do about it？
Some believe we are now at the same point in our attitudes to sugar．Others-largely but not only representatives of the food and drink industry-say the entire debate has been skewed，（歪曲） by those who spread stories deliberately to make people nervous．
More or less everyone agrees that eating too much sugar is bad for you．There is also no doubt obesity is a growing problem which is putting a significant，avoidable burden on the NHS by increasing the rates of diabetes，heart disease and other long-term conditions．
But to what extent is sugar-rather than saturated fats，or salt，carbohydrates or proteins，or any of the other devils of modem diets-the cause of obesity and how much should we worry about it？
Yesterday，hopes of achieving anything resembling clarity（清楚） from the World Health Organization （WHO） were confused once again，which，widely expected to reduce the recommended sugar intake by a half in new draft guidance，instead said it would continue to recommend that sugar make up no more than 10per cent of the energy we consume，while adding that cutting this to five per cent would have"additional benefits"．The decision will now go out to public consultation．
Simon Capewell，professor of the University of Liverpool，said that he suspected"dirty work"on the part of food and drinks companies might lie behind the WHO's less than resounding message．
"The food industry say Government has no business interfering（介入） in families，we must protect personal choice，"Professor Capewell said．"We say there is no personal choice．At the moment，a mother can walk into a supermarket with a choice of four tomato soups-with three，or four，or five teaspoons of sugar in them．She has a choice of thousands of ready meals-with five，or six，or even nine teaspoons of sugar in．"

59．By referring to smoking the author indicates thatB．
A．sugar has just turned out to be as harmful as smoking
B．it is not easy for authorities to restrict or ban something
C．it is easy for people to see bad effects of something
D．people must see the disadvantages of sugar immediately
60．WHO has changed its idea mainly becauseC．
A．it thinks the danger of sugar to health is overemphasized
B．it finds it safe to take in as much sugar as people do now
C．it believes certain amount of intake of sugar does us good
D．it has been put under pressure by food and drinks companies
61．When reporting the argument about sugar，the author seems toB．
A．remain objective                    B．stand by those against it
C．believe it harmless                 D．hold the view of"wait-and-see"
62．Which of the following can be the proper title for the passage？A
A．Is sugar the new evil？B．How much sugar do you take daily？
C．Is sugar to be taxed？D．How much do you know about sugar？
8．Chicago is considering firm measures to prevent the Asian carp，a giant fish native to the Far East，from coming into North America's Great Lakes in large numbers．Such a move could cost up to$18bn，a heavy economic burden to the city．
This species，more than a metre in length，was originally introduced to southern US states three decades ago to control weeds in sewage（污水）treatment plants．But they escaped into the Mississippi River and increased in number quickly，making their way north towards the Great Lakes and threatening the native fish species along the way．
"Dozens of them will often leap out of the water as boats approach．''Michael Beecham，a local environmental expert，described how frightening the scene was．"I've gone down the river and seen these fish jump up and hit me in the face．It is a big problem for our native species，"he said．
A meeting has been organized to find a technological solution to the carp problem，one of which involves blocking parts of Chicago's canal system．Listening at the meeting was John Goss，who was worried about the effect that having barriers in the canal system would have on industry．"It would certainly increase the cost of transportation，"he told．"It is currently very cheap and efficient to bring materials and finished goods down the Chicago ship canal．"
Another cheaper option is to eat the fish out of existence．Dirk Fucik is selling carp burger（鲤鱼汉堡包）at his fish shop not far from downtown Chicago．He thinks the carps are a great resource．"To catch it and throw it away is a waste，"he says．"Eating them helps solve the problem and also provides jobs．"But the idea has not yet caught on．So far，he is the only person in Chicago selling carp burgers．

61．From the passage we can see the Asian carpA  
A．is very adaptable to the new environment
B．has made the Great Lake their home
C．is becoming a new food in restaurants
D．becomes even more fierce than before
62．According to Michael Beecham，the Asian carpC 
A．jumps out of the water to eat weeds
B．always attacks people if disturbed
C．is a big threat to the local species
D．forms a beautiful scene on the river
63．In John Goss's point of view，the building of barriersB
A．can force the Asian carp out of the Great Lakes
B．may lead to the increasing cost of industrial products
C．will help the canal system work more efficiently
D．will bring high profits to the related companies
64．What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the passage？B
A．The Americans have included the Asian carp in their food list．
B．Dirk Fucik is a pioneer in selling carp burgers in Chicago．
C．Catching Asian carps has created many jobs in America．
D．Throwing away the caught fish is a waste of the resources．
65．What's the best title of the passage？D
A．The Great Lakes，new home for Asian Carps
B．The Asian carp escapes from the Great Lakes
C．Possible ways to handle non-native species
D．Chicago goes to war with Asian carps．

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